Ability of Electric Field Strength, Frequency, and Current Duration to Stun Farmed Atlantic Salmon and Pollock and Relations to Observed Injuries Using Sinusoidal and Square Wave Alternating Current

2004 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjorn Roth ◽  
Dag Moeller ◽  
Erik Slinde
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Alternating Current ◽  
Square Wave ◽  
Current Duration ◽  
Farmed Atlantic Salmon

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS TRANSFER DAN EKSPRESI GEN PhGH PADA IKAN PATIN SIAM (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus)

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Raden Roro Sri Pudji Sinarni Dewi ◽  
Alimuddin Alimuddin ◽  
Agus Oman Sudrajat ◽  
Komar Sumantadinata
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Pulse Length ◽  
Pulse Number ◽  
Pulse Interval ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Square Wave ◽  
Pangasianodon Hypophthalmus

Penggunaan konsentrasi DNA yang tinggi dalam elektroporasi sperma meningkatkan pengikatan DNA eksogen pada sperma, dan meningkatkan persentase ikan yang membawa gen asing. Pada penelitian ini, konstruksi gen pCcBA-PhGH yang mengandung promoter β-aktin ikan mas (pCcBA) dan cDNA hormon pertumbuhan (PhGH) ikan patin siam (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) dibuat dan selanjutnya ditransfer menggunakan metode elektroporasi pada sperma yang berperan sebagai perantara. Elektroporasi dilakukan dengan tipe kejutan square wave dengan panjang kejutan (pulse length) 30 milidetik, interval kejutan (pulse interval) 0,1 detik, kuat medan listrik (electric field strength) 125 V/cm, dan jumlah kejutan (pulse number) 3 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberhasilan transfer gen PhGH eksogen pada ikan patin siam meningkat dengan meningkatnya konsentrasi DNA yang digunakan. Persentase ikan yang membawa gen asing pada konsentrasi DNA 10 μg/mL, 50 μg/mL, dan 90 μg/mL, secara berturut-turut adalah 28,57%; 78,57%; dan 85,71%. Bobot ratarata yuwana ikan patin siam transgenik F0 umur 2 bulan yang dihasilkan menggunakan konsentrasi DNA 50 μg/mL dan 90 μg/mL adalah 22,6% dan 19,0% lebih berat dibandingkan non-transgenik, tetapi pada konsentrasi 10 μg/mL lebih rendah (-8.45%). Populasi yuwana ikan patin siam berumur 4 bulan yang diintroduksi gen asing dengan konsentrasi 90 μg/mL memiliki bobot rataan 53,38% lebih berat dibandingkan kontrol non-transgenik. Dengan menggunakan metode RT-PCR, ekspresi gen PhGH terdeteksi pada sirip ikan transgenik, sedangkan pada ikan non-transgenik tidak terdeteksi. Dengandemikian, elektroporasi sperma menggunakan konsentrasi DNA 90 μg/mL efektif meningkatkan keberhasilan transfer gen, dan over-ekspresi gen PhGH eksogen meningkatkan pertumbuhan ikan patin siam.

Optical Measurement of the Electric Field Strength in a Gel Insulator

2016 ◽  
Vol 136 (10) ◽  
pp. 1420-1421
Author(s):  
Yusuke Tanaka ◽  
Yuji Nagaoka ◽  
Hyeon-Gu Jeon ◽  
Masaharu Fujii ◽  
Haruo Ihori
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Optical Measurement

Effect of external magnetic field on lane formation in driven pair-ion plasmas

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Baruah ◽  
U. Sarma ◽  
R. Ganesh
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
External Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Coupling Parameter ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Coulomb Coupling ◽  
Lane Formation ◽  
Parameter Values

Lane formation dynamics in externally driven pair-ion plasma (PIP) particles is studied in the presence of external magnetic field using Langevin dynamics (LD) simulation. The phase diagram obtained distinguishing the no-lane and lane states is systematically determined from a study of various Coulomb coupling parameter values. A peculiar lane formation-disintegration parameter space is identified; lane formation area extended to a wide range of Coulomb coupling parameter values is observed before disappearing to a mixed phase. The different phases are identified by calculating the order parameter. This and the critical parameters are calculated directly from LD simulation. The critical electric field strength value above which the lanes are formed distinctly is obtained, and it is observed that in the presence of the external magnetic field, the PIP system requires a higher value of the electric field strength to enter into the lane formation state than that in the absence of the magnetic field. We further find out the critical value of electric field frequency beyond which the system exhibits a transition back to the disordered state and this critical frequency is found as an increasing function of the electric field strength in the presence of an external magnetic field. The movement of the lanes is also observed in a direction perpendicular to that of the applied electric and magnetic field directions, which reveals the existence of the electric field drift in the system under study. We also use an oblique force field as the external driving force, both in the presence and absence of the external magnetic field. The application of this oblique force changes the orientation of the lane structures for different applied oblique angle values.

scholarly journals Investigating the feasibility of cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation to facilitate post-stroke overground gait performance in chronic stroke: a partial least-squares regression approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhaval Solanki ◽  
Zeynab Rezaee ◽  
Anirban Dutta ◽  
Uttama Lahiri
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Gait Performance ◽  
Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Investigation of lobule-specific electric field effects of cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (ctDCS) on overground gait performance has not been performed, so this study aimed to investigate the feasibility of two lobule-specific bilateral ctDCS montages to facilitate overground walking in chronic stroke. Methods Ten chronic post-stroke male subjects participated in this repeated-measure single-blind crossover study, where we evaluated the single-session effects of two bilateral ctDCS montages that applied 2 mA via 3.14 cm2 disc electrodes for 15 min targeting (a) dentate nuclei (also, anterior and posterior lobes), and (b) lower-limb representations (lobules VIIb-IX). A two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test was performed at a 5% significance level on the percent normalized change measures in the overground gait performance. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) analysis was performed on the quantitative gait parameters as response variables to the mean lobular electric field strength as the predictors. Clinical assessments were performed with the Ten-Meter walk test (TMWT), Timed Up & Go (TUG), and the Berg Balance Scale based on minimal clinically important differences (MCID). Results The ctDCS montage specific effect was found significant using a two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test at a 5% significance level for 'Step Time Affected Leg' (p = 0.0257) and '%Stance Time Unaffected Leg' (p = 0.0376). The changes in the quantitative gait parameters were found to be correlated to the mean electric field strength in the lobules based on PLSR analysis (R2 statistic = 0.6574). Here, the mean electric field strength at the cerebellar lobules, Vermis VIIIb, Ipsi-lesional IX, Vermis IX, Ipsi-lesional X, had the most loading and were positively related to the 'Step Time Affected Leg' and '%Stance Time Unaffected Leg,' and negatively related to the '%Swing Time Unaffected Leg,' '%Single Support Time Affected Leg.' Clinical assessments found similar improvement in the TMWT (MCID: 0.10 m/s), TUG (MCID: 8 s), and BBS score (MCID: 12.5 points) for both the ctDCS montages. Conclusion Our feasibility study found an association between the lobular mean electric field strength and the changes in the quantitative gait parameters following a single ctDCS session in chronic stroke. Both the ctDCS montages improved the clinical outcome measures that should be investigated with a larger sample size for clinical validation. Trial registration: Being retrospectively registered.

scholarly journals Optical properties of c-Plane InGaN/GaN single quantum wells as a function of total electric field strength

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (SC) ◽  
pp. SCCB09 ◽  
Author(s):  
George M. Christian ◽  
Stefan Schulz ◽  
Simon Hammersley ◽  
Menno J. Kappers ◽  
Martin Frentrup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Quantum Wells ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Single Quantum ◽  
Total Electric Field
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