scholarly journals Utilizing High-Resolution Archived Transit Data to Study Before-and-After Travel-Speed and Travel-Time Conditions

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis Glick
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Before And After

Estimating Road User Costs Associated with Highway Construction Projects: Simplified Method

2000 ◽  
Vol 1732 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ginger Daniels ◽  
William R. Stockton ◽  
Robert Hundley
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Road User ◽  
High Profile ◽  
User Costs ◽  
Liquidated Damages ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Detailed Simulation ◽  
Urban Freeway

Road user costs (RUC) are defined as the estimated incremental daily costs to the traveling public resulting from the construction work being performed. Those costs are primarily time lost because of conditions such as detours/rerouting that add to travel time, reduced roadway capacity that slows travel speed and increases travel time, or a delay in the opening of a new or improved facility that prevents users from gaining travel time benefits. In Texas, RUC analyses and associated liquidated damages have been applied predominantly to high-profile urban freeway reconstruction projects, which are ideal candidates for RUC application because of the potential for very high motorist delay costs. A much wider range of projects involving the addition of capacity can be considered for RUC. Not all potential projects, however, are as complicated as urban freeway reconstruction efforts that require detailed simulation modeling to determine the value of RUC. The results of a research study that developed a manual technique for determining RUC are documented, along with associated liquidated damages for typical added-capacity and highway rehabilitation projects. The technique involves a series of look-up tables that provide RUC values on the basis of project type and a minimal number of project attributes. Two different approaches were employed: a before-and-after approach for added capacity projects and a during-versus-after-construction approach for rehabilitation projects.

scholarly journals PTU-151 High Resolution Manometry Profile of Hiatal Hernia in Patients before and after Fundoplication: Abstract PTU-151 Table

Gut ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A109.2-A110 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Bilnik ◽  
E Klimacka-Nawrot ◽  
J Kurek ◽  
B Blonska-Fajfrowska ◽  
A Stadnicki
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Hiatal Hernia ◽  
High Resolution Manometry ◽  
Before And After

scholarly journals High-resolution Manometry in Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Before and After Fundoplication

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Rerych ◽  
Józef Kurek ◽  
Ewa Klimacka-Nawrot ◽  
Barbara Błońska-Fajfrowska ◽  
Antoni Stadnicki
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
High Resolution Manometry ◽  
Before And After

scholarly journals Dynamics of Erosion and Deposition in a Partially Restored Valley-Bottom Gully

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Alberto Alfonso-Torreño ◽  
Álvaro Gómez-Gutiérrez ◽  
Susanne Schnabel
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Sediment Deposition ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Valley Bottom ◽  
Erosion And Deposition ◽  
Channel Dynamics ◽  
Check Dams ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Gullies are sources and reservoirs of sediments and perform as efficient transfers of runoff and sediments. In recent years, several techniques and technologies emerged to facilitate monitoring of gully dynamics at unprecedented spatial and temporal resolutions. Here we present a detailed study of a valley-bottom gully in a Mediterranean rangeland with a savannah-like vegetation cover that was partially restored in 2017. Restoration activities included check dams (gabion weirs and fascines) and livestock exclosure by fencing. The specific objectives of this work were: (1) to analyze the effectiveness of the restoration activities, (2) to study erosion and deposition dynamics before and after the restoration activities using high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs), (3) to examine the role of micro-morphology on the observed topographic changes, and (4) to compare the current and recent channel dynamics with previous studies conducted in the same study area through different methods and spatio-temporal scales, quantifying medium-term changes. Topographic changes were estimated using multi-temporal, high-resolution DEMs produced using structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetry and aerial images acquired by a fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The performance of the restoration activities was satisfactory to control gully erosion. Check dams were effective favoring sediment deposition and reducing lateral bank erosion. Livestock exclosure promoted the stabilization of bank headcuts. The implemented restoration measures increased notably sediment deposition.

scholarly journals Tracking job and housing dynamics with smartcard data

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (50) ◽  
pp. 12710-12715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Huang ◽  
David Levinson ◽  
Jiaoe Wang ◽  
Jiangping Zhou ◽  
Zi-jia Wang
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Spatial Structure ◽  
Home Location ◽  
Commute Time ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Behavioral Preference ◽  
Data Tracking ◽  
Commuting Patterns ◽  
Housing Expenditure

Residential locations, the jobs–housing relationship, and commuting patterns are key elements to understand urban spatial structure and how city dwellers live. Their successive interaction is important for various fields including urban planning, transport, intraurban migration studies, and social science. However, understanding of the long-term trajectories of workplace and home location, and the resulting commuting patterns, is still limited due to lack of year-to-year data tracking individual behavior. With a 7-y transit smartcard dataset, this paper traces individual trajectories of residences and workplaces. Based on in-metro travel times before and after job and/or home moves, we find that 45 min is an inflection point where the behavioral preference changes. Commuters whose travel time exceeds the point prefer to shorten commutes via moves, while others with shorter commutes tend to increase travel time for better jobs and/or residences. Moreover, we capture four mobility groups: home mover, job hopper, job-and-residence switcher, and stayer. This paper studies how these groups trade off travel time and housing expenditure with their job and housing patterns. Stayers with high job and housing stability tend to be home (apartment unit) owners subject to middle- to high-income groups. Home movers work at places similar to stayers, while they may upgrade from tenancy to ownership. Switchers increase commute time as well as housing expenditure via job and home moves, as they pay for better residences and work farther from home. Job hoppers mainly reside in the suburbs, suffer from long commutes, change jobs frequently, and are likely to be low-income migrants.

scholarly journals Aras Valley (northwest Iran): high-resolution stratigraphy of a continuous central Tethyan Permian–Triassic boundary section

Fossil Record ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Gliwa ◽  
Abbas Ghaderi ◽  
Lucyna Leda ◽  
Martin Schobben ◽  
Sara Tomás ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Carbon Isotopes ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Triassic Boundary ◽  
Nw Iran ◽  
Environmental Setting ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Permian Extinction ◽  
Permian Mass Extinction ◽  
Permian Triassic Boundary

Abstract. The Permian–Triassic boundary section in the Aras Valley in NW Iran is investigated with respect to carbonate microfacies, biostratigraphy (particularly conodonts, nautiloids, and ammonoids), chemostratigraphy (carbon isotopes), and environmental setting. Correlation of the data allows the establishment of a high-resolution stratigraphy based on conodonts (with four Wuchiapingian, 10 Changhsingian, and three Griesbachian zones), ammonoids (with nine Changhsingian zones), and carbon isotopes; it forms the base for the reconstruction of the environmental changes before and after the end-Permian extinction event at the studied locality. In the Aras Valley section, there is no evidence for the development of anoxic conditions, associated with the end-Permian mass extinction.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 emergency on residential water end-use consumption measured with a high-resolution IoT system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Di Mauro ◽  
G. F. Santonastaso ◽  
S. Venticinque ◽  
A. Di Nardo
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Temporal Frequency ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Smart Water ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Before And After ◽  
End Use ◽  
Residential Water

Abstract In the era of Smart Cities, in which the paradigms of smart water and smart grid are keywords of technological progress, advancements in metering systems allow for water consumption data collection at the end-use level, which is necessary to profile users' behaviors and to promote sustainable use of water resources. In this paper, a real case study of residential water end-use consumption monitoring shows how data collected at a high-resolution rate allow for the evaluation of consumption profiles. The analysis was carried out by calculating consumption statistics, hourly consumption patterns, daily use frequency, and weekly use frequency. Then, the comparison of two consumption profiles, computed before and after the COVID-19 lockdown, allows us to understand how a change in social and economic factors can affect users' behavior. Finally, new perspectives for water demand modeling and management, based on data with high temporal frequency, are presented.

High‐Resolution Lithospheric Velocity Structure of Continental China by Double‐Difference Seismic Travel‐Time Tomography

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hailiang Xin ◽  
Haijiang Zhang ◽  
Min Kang ◽  
Rizheng He ◽  
Lei Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Velocity Structure ◽  
Double Difference ◽  
Travel Time Tomography

scholarly journals Visualizations of Travel Time Performance Based on Vehicle Reidentification Data

2017 ◽  
Vol 2646 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Ernest Young ◽  
Elham Sharifi ◽  
Christopher M. Day ◽  
Darcy M. Bullock
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Cumulative Distribution ◽  
Travel Time Reliability ◽  
Travel Times ◽  
Traffic Patterns ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Vehicle Reidentification ◽  
Arterial Performance

This paper provides a visual reference of the breadth of arterial performance phenomena based on travel time measures obtained from reidentification technology that has proliferated in the past 5 years. These graphical performance measures are revealed through overlay charts and statistical distribution as revealed through cumulative frequency diagrams (CFDs). With overlays of vehicle travel times from multiple days, dominant traffic patterns over a 24-h period are reinforced and reveal the traffic behavior induced primarily by the operation of traffic control at signalized intersections. A cumulative distribution function in the statistical literature provides a method for comparing traffic patterns from various time frames or locations in a compact visual format that provides intuitive feedback on arterial performance. The CFD may be accumulated hourly, by peak periods, or by time periods specific to signal timing plans that are in effect. Combined, overlay charts and CFDs provide visual tools with which to assess the quality and consistency of traffic movement for various periods throughout the day efficiently, without sacrificing detail, which is a typical byproduct of numeric-based performance measures. These methods are particularly effective for comparing before-and-after median travel times, as well as changes in interquartile range, to assess travel time reliability.

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