scholarly journals Let the Seeds Fall Where They May: Investigating the Effect of Landscape Features on Fine-Scale Seed Dispersal

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Grasty
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Landscape Features

scholarly journals Fine‐scale habitat heterogeneity and vole runways influence seed dispersal in Plagiobothrys nothofulvus

2020 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica R. Grasty ◽  
Pamela G. Thompson ◽  
Elizabeth C. Hendrickson ◽  
Avery E. Pheil ◽  
Mitchell B. Cruzan
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Habitat Heterogeneity ◽  
Fine Scale

scholarly journals From ridge tops to ravines: landscape drivers of chimpanzee ranging patterns

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha J. Green ◽  
Bryan J. Boruff ◽  
Cyril C. Grueter
Keyword(s):  
Animal Movement ◽  
Animal Cognition ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Landscape Features ◽  
Trail Use ◽  
Weak Preference ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Cognitive Benefits ◽  
Animal Movement Models

AbstractRecent improvements in tracking technologies have resulted in a growing number of fine-scale animal movement studies in a variety of fields from wildlife management to animal cognition. Most studies assume that an animal’s “optimal” foraging route is linear, ignoring the role the energy landscape can play in influencing movement efficiency. Our objective was to investigate whether landscape features that affect movement costs; topographic variation, and super and substrate, influence the movement of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in a rugged, montane environment. We tested for route re-use and preferential use of human-made trails and ridge tops using 14 months of focal follow data from 14 individuals and maps of established chimpanzee trails. Chimpanzees travelled on human-made trails significantly more than expected and showed weak preference for use of ridge tops for travel. Line density analysis demonstrated route re-use in chimpanzees and uncovered a network of high-use routes across their range. To our knowledge, this is the first study to empirically demonstrate route re-use and preferential use of human-made trails for travel by chimpanzees. We discuss the energetic and cognitive benefits of trail use and the implications for chimpanzee sociality. By applying the latest GIS analytical techniques to fine-scale movement data, this study demonstrates the importance of incorporating landscape features in predictive animal movement models.

High Resolution Stereography of Complementary Freeze-Fracture Replicas Reveals the Presence of Depressions Opposite Membrane Associated Particles of Split Membranes

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 442-443
Author(s):  
Russell L. Steere
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Cardiac Muscle ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Chromic Acid ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Acid Cleaning ◽  
Cleaning Solution

Complementary replicas have revealed the fact that the two common faces observed in electron micrographs of freeze-fracture and freeze-etch specimens are complementary to each other and are thus the new faces of a split membrane rather than the original inner and outer surfaces (1, 2 and personal observations). The big question raised by published electron micrographs is why do we not see depressions in the complementary face opposite membrane-associated particles? Reports have appeared indicating that some depressions do appear but complementarity on such a fine scale has yet to be shown.Dog cardiac muscle was perfused with glutaraldehyde, washed in distilled water, then transferred to 30% glycerol (material furnished by Dr. Joaquim Sommer, Duke Univ., and VA Hospital, Durham, N.C.). Small strips were freeze-fractured in a Denton Vacuum DFE-2 Freeze-Etch Unit with complementary replica tooling. Replicas were cleaned in chromic acid cleaning solution, then washed in 4 changes of distilled water and mounted on opposite sides of the center wire of a Formvar-coated grid.

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