scholarly journals Adaptive Evolution under Favorable and Unfavorable Population Genetic Conditions in Mitochondrial-deficient Caenorhabditis Elegans Nematodes

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Christy
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Adaptive Evolution ◽  
Population Genetic

scholarly journals Adaptive Evolution of Relish, a Drosophila NF-κB/IκB Protein

Genetics ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 1231-1238 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J Begun ◽  
Penn Whitley
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Adaptive Evolution ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Population Genetic Analysis ◽  
Evolutionary Conflict ◽  
A Site

Abstract NF-κB and IκB proteins have central roles in regulation of inflammation and innate immunity in mammals. Homologues of these proteins also play an important role in regulation of the Drosophila immune response. Here we present a molecular population genetic analysis of Relish, a Drosophila NF-κB/IκB protein, in Drosophila simulans and D. melanogaster. We find strong evidence for adaptive protein evolution in D. simulans, but not in D. melanogaster. The adaptive evolution appears to be restricted to the IκB domain. A possible explanation for these results is that Relish is a site of evolutionary conflict between flies and their microbial pathogens.

Genetic characterization of rhesus macaque populations along the southeastern Qinghai-Tibetan plateau based on a mitochondrial ATP6 gene closely related to energy metabolism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pu Zhao ◽  
Kechu Zhang ◽  
Zuxiang Jin ◽  
Diyan Li ◽  
Meng Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Rhesus Macaque ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Adaptive Evolution ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Western Sichuan ◽  
Atp6 Gene

Abstract Background Rhesus macaque ( Macaca mulatta ) is widely distributed in China, across different altitudes. The mitochondrial ATP6 gene,an ATPase subunit coding gene with fast evolution rate in the mitochondrial genome, plays an important role in the energy metabolism of animals, which may be a good molecular marker for studying the adaptive evolution of animals. Herein, we detected ATP6 genes of 334 rhesus macaques of 19 populations from multiple regions in China with an elevation span of 5-4000m, and mainly carried out the population genetic and evolutionary analysis in these macaques. Our aim is to explore the molecular mechanism of rhesus macaques in adapting to different environments, especially in high altitude extreme environments. Results A total of 50 haplotypes were identified, and significant differences were found in haplotype sequences of rhesus macaque ATP6 gene at different elevations, especially in the high altitude haplotypes with multiple specific variation sites, leading to some region-specific haplotypes. Population genetic analysis showed that rhesus macaque had high genetic diversity ( Pi =0.02332 ± 0.00226, Hd =0.802 ± 0.022 and K =14.982), and there was obvious genetic differentiation among different geographical populations. Conclusions The results showed that the ATP6 gene had undergone adaptive evolution in the process of rhesus macaque adapting to different elevations, especially the high altitude environments. We also found that geographical isolation was an important factor in the genetic differentiation of rhesus macaque. Phylogenetic analysis showed that there were two subspecies of rhesus macaque in western Sichuan, namely, M. m. lasiotus and M. m. vestita , the former distributed in the western Sichuan region of the Yalong River Basin and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, while the latter distributed in the Dadu River Basin and northwest Sichuan. We speculated that the Daxueshan Mountains in western Sichuan was a critical geographical barrier for the differentiation of the two subspecies populations.

scholarly journals Adaptive evolution in the SRZ chemoreceptor families of Caenorhabditis elegans and Caenorhabditis briggsae

2005 ◽  
Vol 102 (12) ◽  
pp. 4476-4481 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Thomas ◽  
J. L. Kelley ◽  
H. M. Robertson ◽  
K. Ly ◽  
W. J. Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Adaptive Evolution ◽  
Caenorhabditis Briggsae

Interspecific Gene Exchange as a Driver of Adaptive Evolution in Fungi

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 377-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Feurtey ◽  
Eva H. Stukenbrock
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Evolution ◽  
Genetic Information ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Gene Exchange ◽  
Genomic Context ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Sexual Mating ◽  
The Impact

Throughout evolutionary history in the kingdom Fungi, taxa have exchanged genetic information among species, as revealed in particular by analyses of genome sequences. In fungi, hybridization can occur by sexual mating or by fusion of vegetative structures giving rise to new species or leaving traces of introgression in the genome. Furthermore, gene exchange can occur by horizontal gene transfer between species and can even include organisms outside the kingdom Fungi. In several cases, interspecific gene exchange has been instrumental in rapid adaptive evolution of fungal species and has notably played a role in the emergence of new pathogens. Here we summarize mechanisms and examples of gene exchange in fungi with a particular focus on the genomic context. We emphasize the need for and potential of applying population genetic approaches to better understand the processes and the impact of interspecific gene exchange in rapid adaptive evolution and species diversification. The broad occurrence of gene exchange among fungal species challenges our species concepts in the kingdom Fungi.

scholarly journals Adaptive Evolution under Extreme Genetic Drift in Oxidatively Stressed Caenorhabditis elegans

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3008-3022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen F Christy ◽  
Riana I Wernick ◽  
Michael J Lue ◽  
Griselda Velasco ◽  
Dana K Howe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Adaptive Evolution ◽  
Genetic Drift
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