Postoperative complications in equine elective, clean orthopaedic surgery with/without antibiotic prophylaxis

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (02) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Failing ◽  
Marc Koene ◽  
Kerstin Fey ◽  
Sabita Stöckle

Summary Objective: Retrospective analysis of postoperative complications in equines after clean, orthopaedic surgical procedures in order to detect differences between animals treated with antibiotics and horses without receiving these drugs. Material and methods: Details on 652 patients, surgical procedures and surgery-associated complications were compiled from horses being operated between June 2011 and January 2015. Antibiotic-receiving patients (n = 259) were tested for differences in complication rates and characteristics to controls (n = 393). Results: The total complication rate was 39.1 %. Increased swelling was observed most often (25.6 %), followed by exudation (7.5 %), fever without incisional alterations (2.3 %), suture dehiscence (1.8 %), and seroma (0.8 %). Seven patients (five treated, two controls) developed septic arthritis within a total of 463 arthroscopies (1.5 %). There were no significant differences in the development of postoperative complications, which were seen in 97/259 (37.5 %) antibiotic receiving patients and in 158/393 (40.2 %) controls. The application of perioperative antibiotics was significantly influenced by surgeon (p < 0.0001) and type of surgery (p = 0.0007) and increased with the number of surgical lesions (p = 0.03). In patients undergoing tendovaginoscopy/ bursoscopy, fasciotomy and neurectomy (n = 98), antibiotic prophylaxis was initiated less frequently than in other surgeries, e. g. combinations of surgeries, splint bone extraction, tenotomy, and arthroscopy (n = 554). Conclusion: Severe complications in equine clean orthopaedic surgery are rare and complication rates in patients either receiving perioperative antibiotics or not were not significantly different. Clinical relevance: Based on the results the use of antibiotics appears to be non-essential in uncomplicated elective orthopaedic interventions in the horse.

2021 ◽  
pp. 205141582098766
Author(s):  
Joseph B John ◽  
Angus MacCormick ◽  
Ruaraidh MacDonagh ◽  
Mark J Speakman ◽  
Ramesh Vennam ◽  
...  

Objectives: This study aimed to describe a UK institution’s experience with local anaesthetic (LA) transperineal (TP) prostate biopsies (PB), and to report 30-day complications following LATPPB, including a large cohort that did not receive antibiotic prophylaxis. Patients and methods: A prospective database of 313 consecutive patients undergoing LATPPB was maintained, describing patient and disease characteristics, and complications. From September 2019 to January 2020, antibiotic prophylaxis was given before LATPPB ( n=149). Following a change to routine care, from January 2020 to July 2020, prophylactic antibiotics were not given before LATPPB ( n=164). A comparative analysis was performed to determine complication rates following antibiotic prophylaxis discontinuation using electronic hospital and primary care records. Results: Patient and disease characteristics were comparable in antibiotic and non-antibiotic cohorts, and representative of PB and prostate cancer cohorts described in the urological literature. The infection-related complication rate was 0.32% across all patients, and 0% for those not receiving antibiotic prophylaxis. The overall complication rate was 0.64%, and 0.61% for those not receiving antibiotic prophylaxis. There were no severe (Clavien–Dindo 3–5) complications. The unplanned hospital admission rate was 0.64%. Conclusion: The complication rate after LATPPB was low, with no infection-related complications in patients who did not receive antibiotic prophylaxis. This provides further evidence supporting the discontinuation of routine prophylactic antibiotics before TPPB. Level of evidence: Level 2b.


Author(s):  
Shigeyuki Nagata ◽  
Shohei Maeda ◽  
Satoko Nagamatsu ◽  
Seiichiro Kai ◽  
Yasuro Fukuyama ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Poor preoperative nutritional and immunological status are major risk factors for postoperative complications in patients with various malignancies. Lower preoperative prognostic nutrition index (PNI) is associated with higher rates of postoperative complications and poorer prognosis in those patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the predictive value of the PNI for post-hepatectomy complications in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and evaluate its utility in the surgical procedure. Methods This retrospective study included 510 patients who underwent open hepatectomies for HCC. The predictive value of the preoperative nutritional and immunological status for postoperative complications was assessed using the PNI. Postoperative complications were defined as grade II or higher per the Clavien-Dindo classification. Postoperative complication rates were compared according to surgical procedure (major hepatectomy vs minor hepatectomy). Results Patients with postoperative complications had significantly lower PNIs than those without (43.1 ± 5.5 vs 47.0 ± 5.7, P < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, low preoperative PNI (< 45) was an independent risk factor for postoperative complications after hepatectomy (hazard ratio, 3.85). When patients were classified per their PNI (high vs low) and extent of surgical procedures (major vs minor), there were more complications among patients with low PNI than those with high PNI, regardless of the extent of surgical procedures. Specifically, the group of patients with low PNI who underwent major hepatectomy had significantly higher rates of postoperative complications than the other groups. Conclusions Adding the resection range to the PNI is useful for predicting the postoperative morbidities of hepatectomy patients.


2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Sigitas Tamulis ◽  
Juozas Stanaitis ◽  
Edmundas Gaidamonis ◽  
Raimundas Lunevičius

Sigitas Tamulis, Juozas Stanaitis, Edmundas Gaidamonis, Raimundas LunevičiusVilniaus universiteto, Bendrosios ir kraujagyslių chirurgijos klinikosBendrosios chirurgijos centrasVilniaus universitetinė greitosios pagalbos ligoninė Įvadas / tikslas Įvertinti pooperacinių pilvo sienos išvaržų gydymo naudojant sintetinį tinklą ankstyvuosius ir vėlyvuosius pooperacinius rezultatus ir veiksnius, lemiančius pooperacines komplikacijas bei išvaržos atsinaujinimą. Ligoniai ir metodai Vilniaus greitosios pagalbos universitetinės ligoninės Bendrosios chirurgijos klinikoje, o vėliau – Bendrosios chirurgijos centre 2000–2002 metais nuo pooperacinių pilvo sienos išvaržų operuotas 221 ligonis. Sintetinis tinklas įsiūtas 82 (37 %) atvejais. Ligonių amžius, lytis, buvusios pooperacinės pilvo sienos išvaržos operacijos, išvaržos vartų dydis pagal Stoppa klasifikaciją, tinklo rūšis, įsiuvimo vieta, profilaktinis gydymas antibiotikais, žaizdos drenavimas vertinti kaip veiksniai, lemiantys pooperacinių komplikacijų pasireiškimą ir išvaržos atsinaujinimą. Rezultatai Pooperacinių komplikacijų buvo devyniems ligoniams (11 %), iš jų aštuoniems (9,7 %) nustatytos vietinės žaizdos komplikacijos: žaizdos seroma – penkiems (6,1 %), žaizdos infekcija – dviem (2,4 %), pooperacinis pilvo sienos uždegimas be pūlių sankaupos – vienam (1,2 %). Bendras infekcinių komplikacijų dažnis sudarė 3,6 %. Ligonių, kuriems nustatytos pooperacinės komplikacijos, vidutinis amžius buvo 65,5 metai, t. y. tik trejais metais didesnis už bendrą ligonių amžiaus vidurkį. Santykinai daugiau vietinių komplikacijų pasireiškė ligoniams, kuriems buvo Stoppa III laipsnio pooperacinės išvaržos (16 %, palyginti su 9,7 % bendru komplikacijų dažniu). Profilaktinis gydymas antibiotikais 6,3 % sumažino pooperacinių infekcinių komplikacijų dažnį (taikant šį gydymą – 2,8 %, netaikant – 9,1 %). Įsiuvus proleno tinklą, pooperacinių komplikacijų radosi 5,1 % mažiau negu naudojant mersileno tinklą. Įsiuvimo padėtis įtakos pooperacinių komplikacijų pasireiškimo dažniui neturėjo. Žaizdos drenavimas 7,5 % sumažino vietinių komplikacijų dažnį. Išvaržos atsinaujino 10,9 % ligonių. Jaunesnies kaip 60 metų amžiaus ligoniams recidyvų buvo 4,5 kartus daugiau negu vyresniems. Vyrams išvaržos atsinaujino 2,4 karto dažniau negu moterims. Kartotinių operacijų nuo pooperacinės išvaržos atvejais recidyvų buvo 3,6 % daugiau negu operuojant pirmą kartą. Recidyvų radosi 22,7 % ligoniams, kuriems buvo Stoppa I–II laipsnio išvaržos, ir nė vienam iš ligonių, kuriems buvo Stoppa III–IV laipsnio išvaržos. Išvaržos atsinaujino 18,75 % ligonių, kuriems buvo įsiūtas proleno tinklas, ir tik 6,9 % ligonių, kuriems įsiūtas mersileno tinklas. Antibiotikų profilaktika ir žaizdos drenavimas išvaržos atsinaujinimo dažnį sumažino atitinkamai 25,8 % ir 10,3 % (7,5 % / 33,3 % ir 9,7 % / 20 %). Išvados Darant hernioplastikas aloplastiniu tinklu, pooperacinių pilvo sienos išvaržų dažnis sumažėja keturis kartus. Tinklus įsiuvus preperitoniškai ar po raumenimis („Sublay“ metodika), išvaržų atsinaujinimo dažnis – 11 %. Taikant profilaktinį gydymą antibiotikais, vietinių infekcinių komplikacijų dažnis sumažėja tris kartus, pooperacinių išvaržų atsinaujinimo dažnis – keturis kartus. Tinklo rūšis (prolenas, mersilenas) ankstyvų komplikacijų dažniui įtakos neturėjo. Tinklas turi būti pakankamai platus: jis įsiuvamas iš visų pusių mažiausiai 5 cm plačiau nuo pilvo sienoje susidariusio raumenų ir fascijos defekto. Žaizdos drenavimas turi įtakos tik seromų susidarymui (drenavus jų pasitaiko 3 kartus mažiau); vietinių infekcinių komplikacijų dažniui šis veiksnys poveikio neturi. Pooperacinės išvaržos dažniau atsinaujina vyrams iki 60 metų. Darant mažesnių išvaržų (Stoppa I–II) plastiką sintetiniais tinklais, išvaržų atsinaujinimo dažnis (22,7 %) buvo statistiškai patikimai didesnis (palyginti su Stoppa III–IV laipsnio išvaržomis, kai nenustyta nė vienos atsinaujinusios išvaržos); priežastys nėra iki galo aiškios, tačiau tai gali būti susiję su specifine priežastimi – per mažų tinklų įsiuvimu (tinklo dydis turi tiesioginę įtaką kainai). Prasminiai žodžiai: pooperacinė pilvo sienos išvarža, hernioplastika, alotransplantatai, tinklas, komplikacijos. Incisional ventral hernia repair by alloplastic mesh Sigitas Tamulis, Juozas Stanaitis, Edmundas Gaidamonis, Raimundas Lunevičius Background / objective Factors strongly associated with all types of postoperative complications after implantation of synthetic mesh due to postoperative (incisional) ventral hernia have not yet been determined definitely. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate early results, hernia recurrence rate and the factors that might be associated with early as well as late postoperative complications. Methods There were 221 patients operated on for postoperative abdominal wall hernia in Vilnius University Emergency Hospital during 2000–2002. Synthetic mesh was inserted in 82 (37%) of patients. Age, sex, the size of the hernia according to Stoppa classification, the type of the biomaterial, the position of the mesh, antibiotic prophylaxis, wound drainage were considered as the factors that might influence early postoperative complications and hernia recurrence rate. Results Early postoperative complications were detected in nine patients (11%): wound seromas – in 5 (6.1%), wound infection – in 2 (2.4%), postoperative infiltration without puss collection – in one (1.2%). The overall rate of infectious complications was 3.6%. Relatively more numerous postoperative local wound complications were observed in cases of the Stoppa grade III postoperative hernia (16% versus 9.7%). Antibiotic prophylaxis reduced the postoperative infection complication rate (2.8% with antibiotics versus 9.1% without antibiotics). The postoperative complication rate in cases of Prolene mesh implantation was by 5.1% lower than with Mersilene mesh. Wound drainage reduced the postoperative local wound complication rate by 7.5%. However, no factors were strongly associated with early postoperative complications. Overall hernia recurrence rate was 10.9%. There were 4.5 times more recurrences in patients younger than 60 years. The recurrence rate in male was 2.4 times higher than in female. Recurrent postoperative hernias occurred by 3.6% more frequently than after first time operated incisional hernias. The recurrence rate in cases of Stoppa I–II grade of hernia was 22.7% versus 0 in cases of Stoppa grade III–IV (p < 0.05). The proportion of recurrences in cases of Prolene and Mersilene meshes was 18.75% and 6.9%. Antibiotic prophylaxis and wound drainage obviously reduced the recurrence rate (7.5% versus 33.3%, and 9.7% versus 20%, respectively). Conclusions Employment of alloplastic biomaterials four times reduced the recurrence rate, which after the “Sublay” implantation of mesh was 11%. Antibiotic prophylaxis reduced the rate of postoperative complications three times and the rate of recurrence four times. The type of the biomaterial (Prolene or Mersilene) had no influence on the local postoperative complication rate. The size of mesh must be sufficient to replace the musculoaponeurotic defect and by 5 cm should overlap the musculoaponeurotic tissue. Drainage of the wound prevented seroma formation. Hernia recurrences are more frequent in male population aged under 60 years. The size of hernia was a statistically proven factor associated with a higher recurrence rate. This is probably associated with implatation of too small pieces of Prolene mesh. Keywords: postoperative ventral hernia, hernia repair, synthetic mesh, complications, recurrent hernia.


Blood ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 86 (10) ◽  
pp. 3676-3684 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Koshy ◽  
SJ Weiner ◽  
ST Miller ◽  
LA Sleeper ◽  
E Vichinsky ◽  
...  

From 1978 to 1988, The Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease observed 3,765 patients with a mean follow-up of 5.3 +/- 2.0 years. One thousand seventy-nine surgical procedures were conducted on 717 patients (77% sickle cell anemia [SS], 14% sickle hemoglobin C disease [SC], 5.7% S beta zero thalassemia, 3% S beta zero + thalassemia). Sixty-nine percent had a single procedure, 21% had two procedures, and the remaining 11% had more than two procedures during the study follow- up. The most frequent procedure was abdominal surgery for cholecystectomy or splenectomy (24% of all surgical procedures, N = 258). Of these, 93% received blood transfusion, and there was no association between preoperative hemoglobin A level and complication rates (except reduction in pain crisis). Overall mortality within 30 days of a surgical procedure was 1.1% (12 deaths after 1,079 surgical procedures). Three deaths were considered to be related to the surgical procedure and/or anesthesia (0.3%). No deaths were reported in patients younger than 14 years of age. Sickle cell diseases (SCD)-related complications after surgery were more frequent in SS patients who received regional compared with general anesthesia (adjusted for risk level of the surgical procedure, patient age, and preoperative transfusion status, P = .058). Non-SCD-related postoperative complications were higher in both SS and SC patients who received regional compared with those who received general anesthesia (P =.095). Perioperative transfusion was associated with a lower rate of SCD- related postoperative complications for SS patients undergoing low-risk procedures (P = .006, adjusted for age and type of anesthesia), with crude rated of 12.9% without transfusion compared with 4.8% with transfusion. In SC patients, preoperative transfusion was beneficial for all surgical risk levels (P = .009). Thus, surgical procedures can be performed safely in patients with SCD.


2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 2325967119S0005
Author(s):  
Angelina Iyinbor ◽  
Johnathan A. Bernard ◽  
David C. Johnson ◽  
Zahra Ismaeli ◽  
Nathan Coleman ◽  
...  

Background: Due to rising health care costs, attention has been dedicated to understanding both outcomes and expenditure as it relates to improving value. There is an increasing trend to perform inpatient hospital procedures in the ambulatory setting to lower costs. Complications to surgical procedures are costly. However, there is a paucity of data reporting early complications. This study aims to determine the 30-day postoperative complication rate of ambulatory surgical procedures in a sports medicine practice. Methods: A retrospective review of four Sports Fellowship trained orthopaedic surgeons at a single institution was conducted for all procedures performed over a 29-month period. The inclusion criteria consisted of all ambulatory surgical cases. Surgeon completed infection control surveys were reviewed from the included patients which contained information on intra-operative complications, post-operative infections, emergency room (ER) visit or hospitalization related to the procedure. Demographics on the patients were collected via the institutional electronic medical record (EMR). Descriptive statistics were performed on case type and frequency (Microsoft Excel). Results: From January 1, 2015 through May 31, 2018, 571 surgical procedures performed in the ambulatory setting met inclusion criteria. There was a total of six surgical complications reported (three dermatologic, two deep vein thrombosis, one hemarthrosis). There were no intra-operative complications reported and no surgical site infections reported. Conclusions/Significance: During the two year and five months study period, the sports medicine, orthopaedic surgery institution had an overall complication rate of 0.51%. This rate is within the historical norm for the majority of the procedures performed. There were no intra-operative complications and no surgical site infections. Only one patient required an ER visit in over 2 years. Ambulatory surgery performed by Sports Fellowship trained, Board Certified Orthopaedic Surgeons in select patients can be performed safely with minimal complications thus lowering costs and improving value.


2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. e4.3-e3
Author(s):  
A Donnelly ◽  
M Balaratnam ◽  
M Murphy ◽  
S Bahadur ◽  
H Padilla ◽  
...  

ObjectivesIntrathecal baclofen (ITB) is a recognised treatment strategy for the management of spasticity. We have 30 years of experience, and 160 patients currently receiving treatment.DesignAn audit (Jan 13 – Jul 15) demonstrated complication rates of 4.4% (infection) and 4.92% (catheter). After this we recommended 1 vancomycin wash of the pump pocket, 2 occlusive dressing of pressure sores, 3 timely MRSA pre-screening, and this was introduced June-August 2016. We present a re-audit of the service.SubjectsAll patients admitted for ITB pump surgery between June 2016 and June 2018.MethodsThe database of patients was used, from which the patient notes were reviewed with information relating to each surgical procedure recorded.ResultsThere were 92 surgical procedures and 78 patients (M 30, F 48). 12 patients had complications, requiring 18 surgical procedures. Out of 18 surgical procedures, 10 were catheter- and 7 pump-related). Our infection rate was lower at 1% of all surgeries (compared with 4.4%), or 0.6% of all ITB pump patients per year (compared with 3.4%), and our catheter complication rate was 6.25% of all patients per year. Our annual incidence rate of all complications was 5.6% in both groups.ConclusionsThe infection risk is lower and complication rate remains stable. We will discuss factors which may influence the risk of complication, and consider recommendations for the future.


2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 423-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tudor Borza ◽  
Benjamin I. Chung ◽  
Steven L. Chang

423 Background: The mainstay treatment for patients with stage T3c renal cell carcinoma is radical nephrectomy with atrial thrombectomy (RN−AT). Although this procedure is widely recognized to have substantial morbidity and mortality, little data exist on the actual rates of postoperative complications. Using a contemporary population−based cohort, we sought to determine the postoperative complication rates among patients undergoing RN−AT. Methods: We queried the Premier Perspective Database (Premier, Inc, Charlotte, NC) to identify patients that underwent nephrectomy (ICD9 55.51) between January 1, 2003 and December 31, 2010. We limited our analysis to patients who concurrently underwent cardiopulmonary bypass, determined through billing codes, as these patients were assumed to have undergone RN−AT. We captured patient and hospital data as well as determined 90−day postoperative complications defined by the Clavien System through review of ICD9 codes and disposition data. Results: Our study cohort included a weighted sample size of 1417 patients; the majority were men (63.7%) and Caucasian (61.9%) with a mean age of 58 years. One−third of patients had metastatic disease while one−quarter had significant comorbidities (i.e., Charlson Comorbidity Score (CCS) ≥2). Ninety−day major complication (Clavien grade 3−5) was present in 38% of patients with half (19%) suffering mortality (Clavien grade 5). The predictors of a major complication included age <50 years (vs >70 years, Odds Ratio [OR] 3.1, p=0.01), CCS ≥3 (vs CCS 0, OR 5.7, p<0.0001), and surgery in an urban hospital (vs rural, OR 8.5, p=0.047). Increased complication rate was not associated with gender, race, metastatic disease, teaching institution, or hospital size. Conclusions: We confirm that RN−AT is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The mortality rate for this procedure exceeds those reported for other complex surgeries. The higher complication rate seen in younger patients is likely secondary to selection bias. This information is important for preoperative counseling for patients considering RN−AT. Future studies are needed to compare the outcomes of RN−AT versus systemic therapy.


2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. E10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Cognetti ◽  
Heather M. Keeny ◽  
Amer F. Samdani ◽  
Joshua M. Pahys ◽  
Darrell S. Hanson ◽  
...  

OBJECTIVEPostoperative complications are one of the most significant concerns in surgeries of the spine, especially in higher-risk cases such as neuromuscular scoliosis. Neuromuscular scoliosis is a classification of multiple diseases affecting the neuromotor system or musculature of patients leading to severe degrees of spinal deformation, disability, and comorbidity, all likely contributing to higher rates of postoperative complications. The objective of this study was to evaluate deformity correction of patients with neuromuscular scoliosis over a 12-year period (2004–2015) by looking at changes in postsurgical complications and management.METHODSThe authors queried the Scoliosis Research Society (SRS) Morbidity and Mortality (M&M) database for neuromuscular scoliosis cases from 2004 to 2015. The SRS M&M database is an international database with thousands of self-reported cases by fellowship-trained surgeons. The database has previously been validated, but reorganization in 2008 created less-robust data sets from 2008 to 2011. Consequently, the majority of analysis in this report was performed using cohorts that bookend the 12-year period (2004–2007 and 2012–2015). Of the 312 individual fields recorded per patient, demographic analysis was completed for age, sex, diagnosis, and preoperative curvature. Analysis of complications included infection, bleeding, mortality, respiratory, neurological deficit, and management practices.RESULTSFrom 2004 to 2015, a total of 29,019 cases of neuromuscular scoliosis were reported with 1385 complications, equating to a 6.3% complication rate when excluding the less-robust data from 2008 to 2011. This study shows a 3.5-fold decrease in overall complication rates from 2004 to 2015. A closer look at complications shows a significant decrease in wound infections (superficial and deep), respiratory complications, and implant-associated complications. The overall complication rate decreased by approximately 10% from 2004–2007 to 2012–2015.CONCLUSIONSThis study demonstrates a substantial decrease in complication rates from 2004 to 2015 for patients with neuromuscular scoliosis undergoing spine surgery. Decreases in specific complications, such as surgical site infection, allow us to gauge our progress while observing how trends in management affect outcomes. Further study is needed to validate this report, but these results are encouraging, helping to reinforce efforts toward continual improvement in patient care.


Author(s):  
Justyna Jończyk ◽  
Jerzy Jankau

AbstractThe presence of postoperative complications may have a significant impact on the outcome of the breast reconstruction. The aim of this study was to investigate early postoperative complications and the risk factors for their occurrence. A prospective analysis was carried out to evaluate surgical outcomes after breast reconstructive surgeries performed over a 2-year period. Procedures included expander/implant (TE/IMP), pedicle transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (pTRAM), and latissimus dorsi (LD) techniques. All adverse events which occurred within 6 weeks of surgery were ranked according to severity based on the contracted Accordion grading system. Outcomes were assessed for their association with surgical, demographic, and clinical variables. Sixty-one consecutive breast reconstruction procedures were analyzed. The overall complication rate was 60.7% (n = 37), and 8 patients (13.1%) required reoperation. The lowest complication rate was observed in implant-based reconstructions (TE/IMP, 18.8%; pTRAM, 72.7%; LD, 78.3%; p = 0.008). Mild complications occurred significantly more often after LD reconstructions (LD, 60.9%; pTRAM, 22.7%; TE/IMP, 12.5%; p = 0.031), while severe complications were significantly more frequent after the pTRAM procedures (pTRAM, 27.3%; TE/IMP, 6.2%; LD, 8.7%; p = 0.047). Severe complications were associated with higher rehospitalization rate (p = 0.010) and longer hospital stay. Study revealed a significant impact of the operative method on the incidence and severity of early complications after breast reconstruction procedures with little effect from other demographic and clinical factors.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Przemysław Adamczyk ◽  
Paweł Pobłocki ◽  
Mateusz Kadlubowski ◽  
Adam Ostrowski ◽  
Witold Mikołajczak ◽  
...  

<b><i>Purpose:</i></b> This study aimed to explore the complication rates of radical cystectomy in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer and identify potential risk factors. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 553 patients were included: 131 were operated on via an open approach (ORC), 242 patients via a laparoscopic method (LRC), and 180 by a robot-assisted procedure (RARC). Patient age, gender, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, urinary diversion type, preoperative albumin level, body mass index (BMI), pathological (TNM) stage, and surgical times were collected. The severity of complications was classified according to the Clavien-Dindo scale (Grades 1–5). <b><i>Results:</i></b> The surgical technique was significantly related to the number of complications (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.00005). Grade 1 complications were observed most frequently following LRC (52.5%) and RARC (51.1%), whereas mostly Grade 2 complications were detected after ORC (78.6%). Those with less severe complications had significantly higher albumin levels than those with more severe complications (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05). Patients with an elevated BMI had fewer complications if a minimally invasive approach was used rather than ORC. The patient’s general condition (ASA score) did not impact the number of complications, and urinary diversion type did not affect the severity of the complications. Mean surgical time differed according to the urinary diversion type in patients with a similar TNM stage (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.005); however, no difference was found in those with more locally advanced disease. Longer operation time and lower protein concentration were associated with higher probability of complication rate, that is, Clavien-Dindo score 3–5. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The risk of complications after RC is not related to the type of urinary diversion, and can be reduced by using a minimally invasive surgical technique, especially in patients with high BMI.


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