scholarly journals Bioelectricity Generation From Synthetic Wastewater Treatment in a Membrane-Less Microbial Fuel Cell Using Methylene Blue and/or Neutral Red as Mediators

2017 ◽  
pp. 918-925
Author(s):  
Leila M. Khaksar ◽  
Ali Ghayoumi ◽  
Amir H. Hasani ◽  
Hooshang Parhaam
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Graphite Electrode ◽  
Neutral Red ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Maximum Power Density

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) represent a new method for treating wastewaters and simultaneously producing electricity (renewable energy (bioelectricity)) as innovative technologies. Feasibility of using synthetic wastewater as a substrate for electricity generation using anaerobic sludge as a source of microorganisms was investigated after a short acclimatization period of less than 10 days. among two different kind substrate (methanol and acetic acid) Significant reduction in COD of synthetic wastewater by 63% and 75% was observed at initial COD=2743 mg/l and 2560 mg/l respectively in Methanol and Acetic Acid indicated effective wastewater treatment in batch experiments. The present article deals with the studies of a two chambered salt bridge (membrane-less) MFC anode chamber [(with mediator; plain graphite electrode; acidified by ortho-posphoric acid (pH≈6)]; cathode chamber (50mM potassium ferricyanide [K3Fe(CN)6] in phosphate buffer; pH ≈7.5; plain graphite electrode) in the presence of mediators. The effect of Methylene Blue (MB) and Neutral Red (NR) as electron mediators and microelements inoculated to anolyte chamber on the power generation in MFCs are reported. The best performance was obtained in the case of Acetic Acid. Using methylene blue (MB) (0.2mM) as the electron mediator, the maximum power density and current density of 61.718 mW/m2 and 92.530 mA/m2 were obtained respectively with CE of 3.94%, which are found to be very promising. The maximum power density and current density of 58.820 mW/m2 and 89.940 mA/m2 were obtained respectively with CE of 8.05%. In the most cases, results show that MB has more effective role than NR. Efforts are being made to improve the performance and reduce the construction and operating costs of MFCs.

scholarly journals Energy Harvesting from Sugarcane Bagasse Juice using Yeast Microbial Fuel Cell Technology

REAKTOR ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
Marcelinus Christwardana ◽  
Linda Aliffia Yoshi ◽  
J. Joelianingsih
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Biofuel Cell ◽  
Maximum Power Density ◽  
Menten Constant

This study demonstrates the feasibility of producing bioelectricity utilizing yeast microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology with sugarcane bagasse juice as a substrate. Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was employed as a bio-catalyst in the production of electrical energy. Sugarcane bagasse juice can be used as a substrate in MFC yeast because of its relatively high sugar content. When yeast was used as a biocatalyst, and Yeast Extract, Peptone, D-Glucose (YPD) Medium was used as a substrate in the MFC in the acclimatization process, current density increased over time to reach 171.43 mA/m2 in closed circuit voltage (CCV), maximum power density (MPD) reached 13.38 mW/m2 after 21 days of the acclimatization process. When using sugarcane bagasse juice as a substrate, MPD reached 6.44 mW/m2 with a sugar concentration of about 5230 ppm. Whereas the sensitivity, maximum current density (Jmax), and apparent Michaelis-Menten constant (𝐾𝑚𝑎𝑝𝑝) from the Michaelis-Menten plot were 0.01474 mA/(m2.ppm), 263.76 mA/m2, and 13594 ppm, respectively. These results indicate that bioelectricity can be produced from sugarcane bagasse juice by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Keywords: biomass valorization, biofuel cell, acclimatization, maximum power density, Michaelis-Menten constant

scholarly journals Evaluation of an Alkaline Fuel Cell for Multifuel System

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 234-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Verma ◽  
A. K. Jha ◽  
S. Basu
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Sodium Borohydride ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Carbon Paper ◽  
Maximum Power Density ◽  
Alkaline Fuel Cell

The performance of an alkaline fuel cell (AFC) is investigated using three different fuels, e.g., methanol, ethanol, and sodium borohydride. Pt∕C∕Ni was used as anode, whereas MnO2∕C∕Ni was used as standard (Electro-Chem-Technic, UK) cathode for all the fuels. Fresh mixture of electrolyte, potassium hydroxide (5M), and fuel (2M) was fed to AFC and withdrawn at a rate of 1ml∕min. The anode was prepared by dispersing platinum and activated carbon in Nafion® (DuPont USA) dispersion and placing it onto a carbon paper (Lydall, USA). Finally prepared anode material was pressed onto Ni mesh and sintered to produce the required anode. The maximum power density of 16.5mW∕cm2 is obtained at 28mA∕cm2 of current density for sodium borohydride at 25°C, whereas methanol produces 31.5mW∕cm2 of maximum power density at 44mA∕cm2 of current density at 60°C. The results obtained showed that the AFC could accept multifuels.

scholarly journals Evaluation of an Alkaline Fuel Cell for Multi-Fuel System

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Verma ◽  
A. K. Jha ◽  
S. Basu
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Sodium Borohydride ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Carbon Paper ◽  
Maximum Power Density ◽  
Alkaline Fuel Cell ◽  
Fuel System

The performance of an alkaline fuel cell is investigated using three different fuels, e g., methanol, ethanol and sodium borohydride. Pt/C/Ni was used as anode whereas Mn/C/Ni was used as standard (Electro-Chem-Technic, UK) cathode for all the fuels. Thus, the alkaline fuel cell is used for multi-fuel system. Fresh mixture of electrolyte, potassium hydroxide (5M), and fuel (2M) was fed to and withdrawn from the AFC at a rate of 1 ml/min. The anode was prepared by dispersing platinum and activated carbon in Nafion® (DuPont USA) dispersion and placing it onto a carbon paper (Lydall, USA). Finally prepared anode sheet was pressed onto Ni mesh and sintered to produce the required anode. The maximum power density of 16.5 mW/cm2 is obtained at 28 mA/cm2 of current density for sodium borohydride at 25 °C. Whereas, methanol produces 31.5 mW/cm2 of maximum power density at 44 mA/cm2 of current density at 60 °C.

Solar-assisted dual chamber microbial fuel cell with a CuInS2photocathode

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (45) ◽  
pp. 23790-23796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siwen Wang ◽  
Xiaoling Yang ◽  
Yihua Zhu ◽  
Yunhe Su ◽  
Chunzhong Li
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Maximum Power Density ◽  
Dual Chamber ◽  
A Current

A solar-assisted microbial fuel cell (MFC) was prepared with flower-like CuInS2(CIS) as the photocathode. CIS with flower flakes and monodispersity could be beneficial to electron transfer under irradiation. The solar MFC achieved a maximum power density of 0.108 mW cm−2and a current density of 0.62 mA cm−2.

Nitrifying biocathode enables effective electricity generation and sustainable wastewater treatment with microbial fuel cell

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 1803-1808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung-Thuan Tran ◽  
Dae-Hee Kim ◽  
Se-Jin Oh ◽  
Kashif Rasool ◽  
Doo-Hyun Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Maximum Power Density ◽  
Organics Removal ◽  
Sustainable Wastewater Treatment

Simultaneous organics removal and nitrification using a novel nitrifying biocathode microbial fuel cell (MFC) reactor were investigated in this study. Remarkably, the introduction of nitrifying biomass into the cathode chamber caused higher voltage outputs than that of MFC operated with the abiotic cathode. Results showed the maximum power density increased 18% when cathode was run under the biotic condition and fed by nitrifying medium with alkalinity/NH4+-N ratio of 8 (26 against 22 mW/m2). The voltage output was not differentiated when NH4+-N concentration was increased from 50 to 100 mg/L under such alkalinity/NH4+-N ratio. However, interestingly, the cell voltage rose significantly when the alkalinity/NH4+-N ratio was decreased to 6. Consequently, the maximum power density increased 68% in compared with the abiotic cathode MFC (37 against 22 mW/m2). Polarization curves demonstrated that both activation and concentration losses were lowered during the period of nitrifying biocathode operation. Ammonium was totally nitrified and mostly converted to nitrate in all cases of the biotic cathode conditions. High COD removal efficiency (98%) was achieved. In light of the results presented here, the application of nitrifying biocathode is not only able to integrate the nitrogen and carbon removal but also to enhance the power generation in MFC system. Our system can be suggested to open up a new feasible way for upgrading and retrofitting the existing wastewater treatment plant by the use of MFC-based technologies.

Carbon Nano Tube-Polymer Hybrid Nanocomposite Electrodes for Porous Polydimethylsiloxane Sponge-Based Flexible Triboelectric Nanogenerators

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 4680-4684
Author(s):  
Dae-Hyeon Kwon ◽  
Jaebum Jeong ◽  
Yongju Lee ◽  
Jun-Kyu Park ◽  
Suwoong Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Density ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Maximum Power Density ◽  
Flexible Electrodes ◽  
Flexible Devices ◽  
Copper Electrodes ◽  
Polymer Hybrid ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerators ◽  
Carbon Nano Tube

Flexible triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have attracted much attention because of its environmentally friendly, practical, and cost-producing advantages. In flexible TENGs, it is important to study the flexible electrodes in order to fabricate the fully flexible devices. Here, we compared electrical characteristics of the sponge porous polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based flexible TENGs with two types of flexible electrodes, copper and carbon nanotube (CNT)-PDMS electrodes. The output voltage and maximum power density of sponge PDMS-based flexible TENGs with copper and CNTPDMS electrodes were compared. The voltage and power density of sponge PDMS-based flexible TENGs with CNT-PDMS electrodes were improved compare to those with copper electrodes. The output voltage and the maximum power density of sponge PDMS-based flexible TENGs with copper and CNT-PDMS electrodes increased 4 times and 7 times, respectively. It is attributed to higher electrical conductivity and stably flow electricity of CNT than those of copper.

Influence of Composition of Gd-Doped Ceria Electrolyte on Performance of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

2012 ◽  
Vol 724 ◽  
pp. 389-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuta Ibusuki ◽  
Yoshihiro Hirata ◽  
Soichiro Sameshima ◽  
Naoki Matsunaga
Keyword(s):  
Power Density ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Excess Oxygen ◽  
Doped Ceria ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Maximum Power Density ◽  
Oxide Ion Conductivity

Cell performance was measured for four types of Ni (40 vol%)-Gd-doped ceria (GDC) anode-supported solid oxide fuel cells with GDC electrolyte (40-120 μm thickness) of Ce1-xGdxO2-x/2 compositions (x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2) at 773-1073 K using a H2 fuel. (La0.8Sr0.2)(Co0.8Fe0.2)O3 cathode was printed on the GDC films. The open circuit voltage and maximum power density at 873-1073 K showed a maximum at x = 0.1. The maximum power density at x = 0.1 was 166 and 506 mW/cm2 at 873 and 1073 K, respectively. The excess oxygen vacancy at x = 0.1-0.2, which does not contribute to the oxide ion conductivity, reacts with a H2 fuel to form electrons (H2 + VO 2H+ + VO×, VO× VO + 2e-). This reaction reduces the cell performance.

Performance comparison of an irreversible closed variable-temperature heat reservoir brayton cycle under maximum power density and maximum power conditions

2005 ◽  
Vol 219 (7) ◽  
pp. 559-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Chen ◽  
J Zheng ◽  
F Sun ◽  
C Wu
Keyword(s):  
Power Density ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
Thermal Capacity ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Brayton Cycle ◽  
Maximum Power Density ◽  
Temperature Ratio ◽  
Temperature Heat

The power density is taken as an objective for performance analysis of an irreversible closed Brayton cycle coupled to variable-temperature heat reservoirs. The analytical formulas about the relationship between power density and working fluid temperature ratio (pressure ratio) are derived with the heat resistance losses in the hot- and cold-side heat exchangers, the irreversible compression and expansion losses in the compressor and turbine, and the effect of the finite thermal capacity rate of the heat reservoirs. The obtained results are compared with those results obtained by using the maximum power criterion. The influences of some design parameters, including the temperature ratio of the heat reservoirs, the effectivenesses of the heat exchangers between the working fluid and the heat reservoirs, and the efficiencies of the compressor and the turbine, on the maximum power density are provided by numerical examples, and the advantages and disadvantages of maximum power density design are analysed. The power plant design with maximum power density leads to a higher efficiency and smaller size. When the heat transfers between the working fluid and the heat reservoirs are carried out ideally and the thermal capacity rates of the heat reservoirs are infinite, the results of this article become similar to those obtained in the recent literature.

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