scholarly journals Sawdust for Treatment of Stormwater - Test on Synthetic Stormwater Contaminated with Heavy Metals

2017 ◽  
pp. 315-323
Author(s):  
Henric Svensson ◽  
Audrey Forest ◽  
Marion Geoffre ◽  
Marcia Marques ◽  
William Hogland
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Oxygen Depletion ◽  
Resin Acids ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Inorganic Pollutants ◽  
Soil Infiltration ◽  
Real Wastewater ◽  
The Eu

Stormwater from urban, industrial and rural areas is very often discharged into recipient water bodies without any treatment. This is now changing in many parts of the word, especially in Europe due to The EU Water Framework Directive (European Union, 2000). According to the new policy, will probably stormwater that has often small concentrations but complex mix of different organic and inorganic pollutants has to be treated. Many different systems have been used, such as wetlands and soil infiltration trenches, among others. Sawdust has many times been reported as a good sorbent used for removing mostly toxic metals from wastewaters. However, in most cases, studies have been carried out with distilled water spiked with, for instance, 1-2 different toxic metals. Very few studies have used real wastewater and even less have studied removal of metals from stormwater using sorbent such as sawdust. Sawdust has also drawbacks, since it may release potentially hazardous substances as tannins: lignin, phenolic compounds, resin acids and overall high COD concentrations which results in oxygen depletion in the recipient water bodies. In this paper, the results of using sawdust as sorbent for removal of heavy metal from stormwater with different pollutants are presented.

Towards sustainable management of Mediterranean river basins: policy recommendations on management aspects of temporary streams

Water Policy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 830-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos P. Nikolaidis ◽  
Leeda Demetropoulou ◽  
Jochen Froebrich ◽  
Claire Jacobs ◽  
Francesc Gallart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Water Policy ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
River Basin Management ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Temporary Streams ◽  
Temporary Rivers ◽  
Environmental Objectives ◽  
The Eu

In 2011, the European Council stressed the significance of water quality for sustainable development in Europe and emphasized the need for better integration of the water policy objectives into the Common Agriculture Policy reform in rural areas. Since 2000, the Water Framework Directive (WFD) has required the EU Member States to target good ecological status for their water bodies. However, the implementation of the Directive for the numerous Mediterranean temporary streams has been delayed indicating the need for elaboration of the tools and methods that address the special characteristics of such water bodies. This requirement has been addressed by the recently completed MIRAGE project. In the context of the recent publication of the European Commission's Blueprint to Safeguard Europe's Waters, the MIRAGE-proposed framework for the characterization of the eco-hydrological dynamics and the systematic description of the measured impact for temporary rivers could bring considerable added value to the EU revision of all relevant water policies. The project recommends additions to WFD articles including an explicit definition of temporary rivers, adaptation of environmental objectives to their peculiarities and establishment of a proper method to determine the initial status and specific actions in River Basin Management Plans.

scholarly journals The Impact of RDP Measures on the Diversification of Agriculture and Rural Development—Seeking Additional Livelihoods: The Case of Poland

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Mirosław Biczkowski ◽  
Aleksandra Jezierska-Thöle ◽  
Roman Rudnicki
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Spatial Diversity ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Synthetic Index ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The paper’s main aim is to assess the measures implemented within the Rural Development Program (RDP) 2007–2013 in Poland. This programme is dedicated to the diversification of business activities in rural areas and rural livelihood and, thus, the improvement of the multifunctionality of rural areas. The analysis covered two measures from Axis 3, Improvement of the quality of life in rural areas and diversification of rural economy: M311, diversification into non-agricultural activities; and M312, Establishment and development of micro-enterprise. The study and the discussion are presented from a geographical perspective and, in a broader context, take into account several conditions (natural, urban, agricultural and historical) and the spatial diversity of the allocation of European Union (EU) funds. Models of a policy of multifunctional rural development, implemented after accession to the EU, are presented. The research’s spatial scope covers Poland’s territory on two spatial scales: the system of regions (16 NUTS2 units) and poviats (314 LAU level 1 units). The analysis covers all the projects implemented in Poland under the two measures of Axis 3 of the RDP 2007–2013. A set of conditions was prepared for all LAU1 units, forming the background for assessing the impact of the EU funds on the development of non-agricultural activities. To determine the relationship between the RDP measures and the selected groups of conditions, a synthetic index and a correlation index are used. They are also used to determine the mutual relations between the two analyzed activities in terms of the spatial scales used. Access to the EU funds (RDP) has considerably enlarged the opportunities for accelerating agricultural modernisation and restructuration towards multifunctional development, as well as the opportunities for implementing new development and work methods in the countryside in Poland. The attractiveness of the two studied RDP measures varied across regions. The beneficiaries’ activity depended on the local potential (resources), culture and tradition of the region, and size and potential of the farm. In the areas where agriculture is deeply rooted, beneficiaries were more willing to engage in ventures tapping into the resources available in their farms. Thus, they create additional livelihood of income and workplaces for household members. In turn, the beneficiaries from the areas where farms are smaller and economically weaker often undertake activities related to setting up a new business (outside farming).

There is a Conflict at the Heart of EU Water Pollution Policy

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-430
Author(s):  
David Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Framework Directive ◽  
Simple Solution ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Eu Water Framework Directive ◽  
Current Application ◽  
The Eu

The current application of the hazardous substances provisions of Article 16 of the EU Water Framework Directive are in fundamental conflict with a number of other Directives and Regulations controlling the use of those hazardous substances that are currently essential to the wellbeing of the Community and its citizens. There is a simple solution to this conflict although reaching political agreement in such a polarised area may prove to be impossible.

Hazardous Substances in Electronics: The Effects of European Union Risk Regulation on China

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Biedenkopf
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Risk Regulation ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Legal Structure ◽  
Chinese Policy ◽  
The Eu

This article argues that European Union (EU) risk regulation of hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) was both a trigger and formative factor in the development of similar Chinese regulation. The attractiveness and global interdependence of the EU market in EEE impelled a response from Chinese policy-makers. Fostering the domestic industry's global competitiveness was one of the driving factors behind Chinese substance restriction regulation. Additionally, symbolic emulation and growing domestic environmental problems related to waste EEE infl uenced the Chinese policy agenda. Chinese substance restriction rules are not, however, a mere copy of EU regulation. The limited domestic capacity of the Chinese economy, administration, and legal structure to adopt policies similar to those of the EU explains, to a large extent, the emergence and partial persistence of differences between EU and Chinese risk regulation. In the course of the implementation and evaluation of Chinese substance restriction regulation, lessons learned from the EU’s experience increasingly contributed to shaping the policy, leading to growing convergence.

scholarly journals Regional Spatial Approach to Differences in Rural Economic Development: Insights from Serbia

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1211
Author(s):  
Žana Jurjević ◽  
Stanislav Zekić ◽  
Danilo Đokić ◽  
Bojan Matkovski
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
Rural Economic Development ◽  
Spatial Approach ◽  
Eu Regions ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Rural Policy ◽  
The Eu

Rural regions with a larger share of the primary sector in the overall economy are limited in their ability to achieve a sufficient level of competitiveness. In countries such as Serbia, where rural areas play an important role, addressing the problems affecting these areas is important for overall development. The purpose of this study is to determine the socioeconomic performance of the rural regions of Serbia and the EU in order to indicate the position of Serbia’s rural areas in the process of European integration. NUTS 3 (NUTS 2 for Germany) was used for analysis, and from this an Index of Socioeconomic Performance was created. This Index was created using Factor Analysis. The results point to Serbia lagging behind other EU regions in terms of development, with most of Serbia’s rural regions receiving the lowest ratings. These results are cause for alarm and indicate a need to create strategies that will direct resources towards key issues in these areas, whose potential would be adequately used through the implementation of rural policy measures, with the aim of overall socioeconomic development.

scholarly journals New type of ponds? Changing of quantity and function of water bodies in rural built-up areas (Pilsen Region, Czechia)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-162
Author(s):  
Jan Kopp ◽  
Jindřich Frajer ◽  
Marie Novotná
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Suburban Area ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Swimming Pools ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Small Water ◽  
The Difference

Abstract This study is focused on the changing of areas of water bodies in selected villages of the Pilsen Region (Czechia). We researched several different types of rural settlements and three time horizons with the help of old maps, orthophoto maps and GIS tools. To capture the influence of their location within the urban system, we chose 15 places from four categories (inner suburban area, outside suburban area, rural area, periphery rural area) depending on their distance to the core of the Pilsen agglomeration. There is no significant change in the amount of water bodies between the first reference period (1838-1839) and the second period (1957-1963) in the selected settlements. However, the third period (2013-2015) is characterized by the emergence of a large number of small water bodies - swimming pools and garden ponds. Based on the results of our research we identified the declining importance of public water bodies in some of the settlements. However, we have identified a notable prevalence of garden ponds which have a more positive ecological impact than pools. The proportion of private water bodies (covered and uncovered pools and garden ponds) in the total area of water bodies in the rural settlements in most cases is less than 20%, in the suburban settlements up to 100%. Peripheral settlements have a below-average share of these water bodies. The difference between the number of pools in different settlements is related to the proportion of newly built houses there. Although there are relatively fewer pools in rural settlements, the difference compared to the situation in suburban settlements is not pronounced due to the change in lifestyle in rural areas and the change in functions of some villages to recreational areas. Influence of pools on water consumption is dependent on the individual exchange technology of water in swimming pools. Filling of the pool before the season can overload the capacity of the local water supply.

scholarly journals EU Rural Policy’s Capacity to Facilitate a Just Sustainability Transition of the Rural Areas

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 5050
Author(s):  
Barbara Wieliczko ◽  
Agnieszka Kurdyś-Kujawska ◽  
Zbigniew Floriańczyk
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Past Performance ◽  
Sustainability Transition ◽  
Development Capacity ◽  
Just Sustainability ◽  
The Eu

The sustainability transition of rural areas is a must due to rapid climate changes and biodiversity loss. Given the limited resources of rural communities, policy should facilitate a just sustainability transition of the EU rural areas. The analysis of EU development policies, past performance and the envisaged scope of reform, presented in this study point to a serious inconsistency between the declaration and implementation of relevant policies. Namely, the marginal role rural areas perform in common agricultural policy and cohesion policy; a result of the lack of a complex approach to rural development. The analysis was based on the concept of good governance and took a multi-level perspective. It advocates territorial justice as an approach that should be at the core of creating a comprehensive policy for rural areas in the EU, including their diversity and empowering local communities to choose the transition pathway that is most in line with their current situation and development capacity. This analysis fills a gap in research on the evolution of the rural development policy in the EU. This research can inform the reprioritization and intensification of efforts to create equitable policies for EU rural development.

scholarly journals Assessment of the groundwater quantitative status in the Aosta Plain (North-West Italy): applicability of the national guidelines defined by ISPRA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gennaro A. Stefania ◽  
Michele Bigoni ◽  
Chiara Zanotti ◽  
Marco Rotiroti ◽  
Fulvio Simonetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
North West ◽  
Future Assessment ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
Nw Italy ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Critical Aspects

The EU Water Framework Directive requires Member States to assess the quantitative and qualitative status of groundwater bodies and to achieve a good status by 2027. The present study was developed in order to assess the groundwater quantitative status in the Aosta Plain (NW Italy), following the methodology proposed through a guideline defined by the Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), with the aim of supporting local authorities in their periodic assessment of water bodies status. In the study area, during the period 2000-2017, groundwater levels were measured in 213 wells and piezometers. Performing the four tests required by the abovementioned guideline, the quantitative status was assessed on the basis of multi-year groundwater level variations, water balance and the interconnections of groundwater with surface water bodies and groundwaterdependent ecosystems. A good status was assessed for the study area, although some critical aspects emerged from the application of the guideline methodology: the data collected by the monitoring network are not sufficiently robust in terms of sample size, spatial distribution, temporal interval and frequency to fulfill the requirements of the guideline methodology. Therefore, some recommendations to improve the data quality and better address the future assessment of groundwater quantitative status were given.

FEATURES OF EU AGRICULTURAL POLICY: OPPORTUNITIES FOR UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Oleksii Hryhorovych Korytnyi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Eu

The need for constant monitoring of existing practices to improve the efficiency of the agricultural sector and identify important guidelines for further development of this area.Using modern experience of EU countries to increase the efficiency of the national agricultural sector.Practical and theoretical issues of development of the agricultural sector and the use of existing practical experience in this field were considered by O. Borodin, O. Bublienko, V. Granovska, N. Karaseva, I. Klymenko, R. Kosodiy, M. Skoryk and others.Active development of economic processes in the agricultural sector requires current research on the existing practical experience of developed countries.Analysis of practical experience in ensuring the effective functioning of the agricultural sector of the EU.An effective direction of the transition to sustainable development of rural areas is organic production (regulatory principles are reflected in the Common Agricultural Policy of the EU). The institutional norms of the CAP EU act as a guarantor of positive transformations and a "substitute" for the interests of producers in conditions of market competition. In practice, the Council and the EU Commission are responsible for implementing the common policy. European policy for the development of the agricultural sector is funded by the European Agrarian Fund for Rural Development. EU countries use various mechanisms (subsidies, grants, state loan guarantees, etc.) for the development of the agricultural sector. The best results in the direction of sustainable development of the agricultural sector were achieved by countries that took radical steps quickly, decisively, comprehensively. The experience of the EU countries shows that it is also justified to limit government intervention in this sector, or to implement it through market-type mechanisms

Reflections of the Funds Distributed Under the Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance for Rural Development (IPARD) Program on Çanakkale

2022 ◽  
pp. 249-265
Author(s):  
İbrahim Tanju Akyol
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Financial Assistance ◽  
Candidate Country ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Eu

The European Union (EU) provides financial assistance to the countries that are the current candidates and the potential candidates for the development of rural areas. These countries are supported by rural development (RD), one of the five components of the instrument for pre-accession assistance (IPA). Turkey is also a candidate country to benefit from the financial assistance provided by the EU. This research aims to reveal the situation of the projects carried out with IPARD in Çanakkale province within the country. As a matter of fact, Çanakkale takes place at the lower ranks in terms of the number of projects and the number of grants. Despite its potential, the reasons for not achieving the desired results in this province are the lack of qualified consultants, insufficient access to beneficiaries, and problems in licensing of lands. This research, thus, has also put forward various solution suggestions in order to minimize these problems.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document