scholarly journals Photolysis and advanced oxidation treatment of estrogenic chemicals in tap water and treated sewage

2007 ◽  
pp. 835-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamilla Hansen ◽  
Henrik R. Andersen ◽  
Tobias Hey ◽  
Anna Ledin
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Treated Sewage ◽  
Uv Lamp ◽  
Estrogenic Chemicals ◽  
Uv Dose ◽  
Electrical Energy Per Order

The removal efficiency by photolysis and advanced oxidation (AOP) of some estrogeniccompounds was investigated in tap water and biologically treated sewage. The compoundsinvestigated included parabens, industrial phenols, sunscreen chemicals and steroid estrogens.Treatment experiments were performed using a UV lamp optimized for photochemicaltreatment in a flow through set-up. The effect of different concentrations of H2O2 anddifference between tap water and treated sewage was investigated for all compounds.The treatment effectiveness is evaluated based on the Electrical Energy per Order (EEO) (unitkWh/111e3), which is defined as the electrical energy consumed per unit volume of water treatedrequired for 90 % removal of the investigated compound.It was found that the removal efficiency was better in tap water than in wastewater which isdue to the shadow effect from the inorganic and organic substance in the wastewater. Further,it was found that the removal of all the compounds was dependent of the UV dose for bothtreatment methods. The energy required for 90% removal of the compounds was between 28kWh/111e3 ± 2.9 (butylparaben) and 1.2 kWh/ 111e3 (estrone) for the UY treatment. The AOPresults in a more unifom1 value of EEO, which is between 8. 7 kWh/m3 (bisphenol A andbenzophenone-7) and 1.8 kWh/m3 ( I 7a-ethynyl estradiol).The removal at different concentration of H2O2 was investigated and it was found thatremoval effectiveness increased with concentration until 60 mg/L, but decreased at I 00 mg/L,which may be caused by H2O2 scavenging the HO'-radicals.

scholarly journals Photolysis and advanced oxidation treatment of pharmaceuticals in tap water and treated sewage

2007 ◽  
pp. 827-834
Author(s):  
Kamilla Hansen ◽  
Henrik R. Andersen ◽  
Tina Kosjek ◽  
Ester Heath ◽  
Povl Kaas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Process ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Clofibric Acid ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Uv Dose

The aim of this study was to investigate the removal efficiency of six phannaceuticals byphoto-degradation and the advanced oxidation process (AOP), UV/H2O2. The sixphannaceuticals were the four NSAIDs ibuprofen, diclofenac, naproxen and ketoprofen, thepharmacological active metabolite of the lipid lowering agent, clofibrin, clofibric acid, and theanticonvulsant and mood stabilizing drug, carbamazepine.Treatment experiments were perfom1ed using a UV lamp optimized for photochemicaltreatment in a flow through set-up. For the AOP experiments 60 mg/L H2O2 was added to thewater before treatment. The treatment effectiveness is evaluated based on the ElectricalEnergy per Order (EEO) (unit kWh!m\ which is defined as the electrical energy consumedper unit volume of water treated required for 90% removal of the investigated compound.It was found that four of the six phannaceuticals were completely removed in tap water byboth UV treatment and the AOP. The exceptions were ibuprofen and carbamazepine, whichexhibited a relationship between UV dose and removal. The electrical energy per order, EEOwas detennined to 8.2 kWh/ml (UV) and 3. 7 kWh/ml (UV /H2O2 ) for ibuprofen.In the wastewater effluent the removal by UV irradiation was almost complete for ketoprofen,while the other compounds show dependency of flow rate/UV dose. Ibuprofen was thecompound that needed the highest UV dose to remove 90% (EEO = 33.4 kWh/ml) wherenaproxen and clofibric acid required 9.6 kWh/ml and 5.5 kWh/ml, respectively. Ketoprofenand diclofenac needed considerable less energy than clofibric acid. Ibuprofen and naproxen isbiodegradable and will be removed in biologically treated wastewater. Therefore, the relevantestimate of the needed treatment is the energy use for removal of clofibric acid which required5.5 kWh/ml for 90% removal.

scholarly journals Energy Effectiveness of Direct UV and UV/H2O2Treatment of Estrogenic Chemicals in Biologically Treated Sewage

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamilla M. S. Hansen ◽  
Henrik R. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Treated Sewage ◽  
Estrogenic Chemicals

Continuous exposure of aquatic life to estrogenic chemicals via wastewater treatment plant effluents has in recent years received considerable attention due to the high sensitivity of oviparous animals to disturbances of estrogen-controlled physiology. The removal efficiency by direct UV and the UV/H2O2treatment was investigated in biologically treated sewage for most of the estrogenic compounds reported in wastewater. The investigated compounds included parabens, industrial phenols, sunscreen chemicals, and steroid estrogens. Treatment experiments were performed in a flow through setup. The effect of different concentrations of H2O2and different UV doses was investigated for all compounds in an effluent from a biological wastewater treatment plant. Removal effectiveness increased with H2O2concentration until 60 mg/L. The treatment effectiveness was reported as the electrical energy consumed per unit volume of water treated required for 90% removal of the investigated compound. It was found that the removal of all the compounds was dependent on the UV dose for both treatment methods. The required energy for 90% removal of the compounds was between 28 kWh/m3(butylparaben) and 1.2 kWh/m3(estrone) for the UV treatment. In comparison, the UV/H2O2treatment required between 8.7 kWh/m3for bisphenol A and benzophenone-7 and 1.8 kWh/m3for ethinylestradiol.

Comparison of advanced oxidation processes in flow-through pilot plants (Part I)

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 303-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-P. Müller ◽  
M. Jekel
Keyword(s):  
Figure Of Merit ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Flow Reactors ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Continuous Flow Reactors ◽  
Electrical Energy Per Order

The advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) UV/H2O2, UV/O3 and O3/H2O2 were optimised to achieve a 90% degradation of the micropollutant atrazine in continuous-flow reactors. The experiments were performed with spiked Berlin tap-water. The comparison of mechanistically different oxidation systems needs a non-specific figure-of-merit to avoid influences by system-inherent parameters. The chosen figure-of-merit consists of the electrical energy per order of magnitude in oxidation per m3, EE/0. The combination O3/H2O2 proved to be the most efficient process by means of energy consumption.

scholarly journals Ozonation of estrogenic chemicals in biologically treated sewage

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 649-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. S. Hansen ◽  
H. R. Andersen ◽  
A. Ledin
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Uv Absorbance ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Ozone Dose ◽  
Treated Sewage ◽  
Estrogenic Chemicals ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Electrical Energy Per Order

The present study shows that ozonation of effluents from municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is likely to be a future treatment solution to remove estrogens and xeno-estrogens. The required ozone dose and electrical energy for producing the ozone were determined in two WWTP effluents for removal of 17 estrogenic chemicals. The estrogenic compounds included parabens, industrial phenols, sunscreen chemicals, and steroid estrogens. The obtained values of Electrical Energy per Order (EEOs) for the treatment of the estrogens were in the range 0.14–1.1 kWh/m3 corresponding to 1.7–14 g O3/m3. It is furthermore suggested that UV-absorbance is a useful parameter for online control of the ozone dose in a full scale application since the absorbance of the WWTP effluents and the remaining concentration of the estrogens and xeno-estrogens correlated well with the applied ozone dose.

scholarly journals Comparison of advanced oxidation processes in the decomposition of diuron and monuron – efficiency, intermediates, electrical energy per order and the effect of various matrices

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 1345-1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
János Farkas ◽  
Máté Náfrádi ◽  
Tamás Hlogyik ◽  
Bartus Cora Pravda ◽  
Krisztina Schrantz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Heterogeneous Photocatalysis ◽  
Uv Photolysis ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Electrical Energy Per Order

The efficiency of UV-photolysis, ozonation, their combination and heterogeneous photocatalysis was investigated and compared in various matrices.

Comparison of advanced oxidation processes in flow-through pilot plants (Part II)

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 311-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-P. Müller ◽  
C. Gottschalk ◽  
M. Jekel
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Figure Of Merit ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Electrical Energy Per Order

The comparison of mechanistically different advanced oxidation processes (AOPS) UV/H2O2, UV/O3 and O3/H2O2 needs a non-specific figure-of-merit to avoid influences by system-inherent parameters. The chosen figure-of-merit consists of the electrical energy per order of magnitude in oxidation per m3, EE/O. Results from own experiments were compared with data derived from the literature. Considered were batch-experiments, pilot-plants and full-scale plants. The combination O3/H2O2 proved to be the most efficient process by means of energy consumption irrespective of the size of the plant.

A pilot-scale investigation of ozonation and advanced oxidation processes at Choa Chu Kang Waterworks

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Wang ◽  
Achim Ried ◽  
Harald Stapel ◽  
Yaning Zhang ◽  
Minghui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Water Matrix ◽  
Electrical Energy Per Order ◽  
Efficient Option

A two-year comprehensive advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) pilot test was completed for a Singapore waterworks in 2011–2013. This study focused on oxidative removal of spiked organic contaminants with ozone and ozone-based AOPs (ozone application together with hydrogen peroxide, which is necessary for AOPs). The ‘optimized H2O2 dosage’ test philosophy was verified during the test period – keeping the residual ozone at 0.3 mg/L in the water for disinfection purpose by minimizing the H2O2 dosage. This study also monitored the bromate concentration in both ozone- and AOP-treated water, and all the samples reported below the laboratory detection limit (<5 µg/L), which is also lower than the WHO Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality (<10 µg/L). For comparison, a low pressure UV-based AOP test was conducted in the final stage of the study. The electrical energy per order (EEO) value is compared with ozone- and UV-based AOPs as well. The results indicated that ozone-based AOP with an optimized hydrogen peroxide dosage could be the most energy efficient option for this specific water matrix in terms of most selected compounds.

scholarly journals Photocatalytic Degradation of Trifluralin in Aqueous Solutions by UV/S2O82− and UV/ZnO Processes: A Comparison of Removal Efficiency and Cost Estimation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Sadeghi ◽  
Abdolmajid Fadaei ◽  
Fazel Mohammadi-Moghadam ◽  
Sara Hemati ◽  
Gashtasb Mardani
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Zero Order ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Real Wastewater ◽  
Uv Lamp

Trifluralin is one of the most widely used herbicides, being accounted as the cause of cancer in human. In the present research, the UV/S2O82− and ZnO/UV processes’ efficiency in the removal of trifluralin was investigated. A lab scale equipped with a UV lamp was applied. The parameters were studied, including initial trifluralin concentration (0.4–1.2 mg/L), contact time (20–60 min), S2O82− concentration (20–60 μM), and ZnO concentration (50–150 mg/L). The remained trifluralin concentration was measured by HPLC. This study proved the trifluralin removal of 92.90 ± 1.6% and 87.91 ± 19.22% for UV/S2O82− and UV/ZnO processes in the best operation conditions (contact time of 60 min, the persulfate concentration of 40 μM, and the ZnO concentration of 100 mg/L). The optimal trifluraline concentrations were 1.2 mg/L and 0.6 mg/L for UV/S2O82− and UV/ZnO processes, respectively. In both processes, the removal efficiency of trifluralin increased significantly with increasing contact time. The findings exhibited that both processes UV/S2O82− and UV/ZnO followed the zero-order kinetic. The electrical energy consumed of UV/S2O82 and UV/ZnO was about 43.95 and 20.41 Kwh/kg, respectively. The results show that UV/S2O82− and ZnO/UV processes were appropriate as the effective treatment method for trifluralin removal. Therefore, it is proposed to study the performance of these processes as an environmentally friendly practice in full scale with real wastewater.

scholarly journals Application of central composite design for the optimization of photo-destruction of a textile dye using UV/S2O82- process

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 38-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Khataee
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Central Composite Design ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Destruction Efficiency ◽  
Uv Lamp ◽  
Electrical Energy Per Order ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Central Composite

Application of central composite design for the optimization of photo-destruction of a textile dye using UV/S2O82- process The photooxidative destruction of C. I. Basic Red 46 (BR46) by UV/S2O82- process is presented. Central Composite Design (CCD) was employed to optimize the effects of operational parameters on the photooxidative destruction efficiency. The variables investigated were the initial dye and S2O82- concentrations, reaction time and distance of the solution from UV lamp. The predicted values of the photodestruction efficiency were found to be in good agreement with the experimental values (R2 = 0.9810, Adjusted R2 = 0.9643). The results of the optimization predicted by the model showed that the maximum decolorization efficiency (>98%) was achieved at the optimum conditions of the reaction time 10 min, initial dye concentration 10 mg/l, initial peroxydisulfate concentration 1.5 mmol/l and distance of UV lamp from the solution 6 cm. The figure-of-merit electrical energy per order (EEo) was employed to estimate the electrical energy consumption and related treatment costs.

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