scholarly journals Oil spill waste treatment in the Kymenlaakso region after a ship accident

2007 ◽  
pp. 551-561
Author(s):  
Mari Hupponen ◽  
Mika Horttanainen ◽  
Mika Luoranen
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Accident Risk ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Oily Waste ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Gulf Of Finland

The significance of the Gulf of Finland, which is part of the Baltic Sea, as an oil transportroute has increased rapidly in recent years. Approximately 140 million tons of oil wastransported through the Gulf of Finland in the year 2006. The amount of transport has doubledin a few years. At the same time, the accident risk has increased. The narrowness and thefragmented coastline make the Gulf of Finland extremely vulnerable in an oil spill situation.There is as yet no comprehensive plan in Finland for how to treat oil spill waste after a largescale accident. The aim of this study was to find out treatment methods and capacities in theKymenlaakso region for the oily waste collected from the coastline after a large oil accident inthe Gulf of Finland.This study presents the principles of the treatment methods of oil spill waste and thelimitations of the methods in handling the waste. The article also includes a background studyof the treatment of wastes collected from the coastline from previous major oil accidents.The possibilities of different companies to treat oily waste in the Kymenlaakso region werestudied. Detailed information was collected by interviewing the companies' workers. 19 000 tof crushable oily equipment and organic matter mixed with normal solid fuels can be burnedannually in the fluidized bed furnaces of regional power plants. I 200 t of homogenized oilyorganic matter can be burned annually in the rotary kiln of a factory which produces expandedclay (LECA). The region's burning capacity will increase when the municipal solid wasteincineration plant that was under construction during the study is ready and the oil spill wastecan be burned on its grate. Oily soil can be treated with composting, washing, soil vapourextraction and stabilization with bitumen. Mobile treatment plants suitable for oily waste,such as thennal desorption plants, can also be transported to the region.

scholarly journals An integrated simulation model to evaluate national measures for the abatement of agricultural nutrients in the Baltic Sea

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 440-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. HYYTIÄINEN ◽  
H. AHTIAINEN ◽  
J. HEIKKILÄ
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Nutrient Loads ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Bothnian Bay ◽  
The Gulf Of Finland

This study introduces a prototype model for evaluating measures to abate agricultural nutrients in the Baltic Sea from a Finnish national perspective. The stochastic simulation model integrates nutrient dynamics of nitrogen and phosphorus in the sea basins adjoining the Finnish coast, nutrient loads from land and other sources, benefits from nutrient abatement (in the form of recreation and other ecosystem services) and the costs of agricultural abatement activities. The aim of the study is to present the overall structure of the model and to demonstrate its potential using preliminary parameters. The model is made flexible for further improvements in all of its ecological and economic components. The results of a sensitivity analysis suggest that investments in reducing the nutrient load from arable land in Finland would become profitable only if the neighboring countries in the northern Baltic committed themselves to similar reductions. Environmental investments for improving water quality yield the highest returns for the Bothnian Bay and the Gulf of Finland, with smaller returns for the Bothnian Sea. Somewhat surprisingly, in the Bothnian Bay the abatement activities become profitable from the national viewpoint, because the riverine loads from Finland represent a high proportion of the total nutrient loads. In the Gulf of Finland, this proportion is low, but the size of the coastal population benefiting from improved water quality is high.;

scholarly journals The monitoring of the phytoplankton condition in the Luga Bay of the Gulf of Finland under natural and anthropogenic impacts

Trudy VNIRO ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 149-163
Author(s):  
O. A. Liashenko ◽  
A. P. Pedchenko ◽  
O. N. Susloparova
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Fish Food ◽  
Biological Resources ◽  
Quantitative Development ◽  
Primary Producer ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Gulf Of Finland

The technogenic transformation of the ecosystem of the southeast part of Luga Bay water area (the second bay of the Baltic Sea) where Ust-Luga commercial seaport situated was determined by longstanding dredging, dumping and other types of anthropogenic impact. The development of phytoplankton as the main primary production former and the base of food reserve for aquatic biological resources was investigated during the monitoring of aquatic biological resources of the Luga Bay which was held due to the seaport construction. The investigation of phytoplankton content and development took part in the main seasons of the ice-free period of 2005–2018 in the water areas of dredging, damping, and adjacent areas. The maximum values of the phytoplankton abundance and biomass were detected in spring. The main part of biomass was formed by diatoms and dinoflagellates. The summer biomass mainly was lower than in spring and the proportion of cyanoprokaryotes (in some years also cryptophytes and green) increased. In autumn the biomass decreasing was continued, cyanoprokaryotes and cryptomonads dominated. The quantitative indicators of phytoplankton development were varied from year to year in all seasons of 2005–2018 but they kept in frames of values which previously observed for the water area of the Luga Bay. The influence of the Gulf of Finland water warming on phytoplankton development was not traced. The certain differences between the quantitative development and composition of the dominant phytoplankton complex on the water areas of dredging, damping, and adjacent areas weren’t observed. The average phytoplankton biomass for the ice-free period in the most part of years corresponds to the mesotrophic state of the Luga Bay water area. There was not a significant impact of dredging and dumping on the phytoplankton of the Luga Bay which indicates the stable state of its ecosystem primary producer and the preservation of the productional resource of the fish food base.

scholarly journals Influence of St. Petersburg urban rivers on the inflow of pollutants into the Baltic Sea

2020 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 03006
Author(s):  
Stepan Klubov ◽  
Victor Tretyakov
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Urban Rivers ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Gulf Of Finland

The results of the calculation of the inflow of pollutants into the Gulf of Finland with the outflow from Saint Petersburg watercourses are considered. Data of regular hydrochemical observations by State Unitary Enterprise “Vodokanal of Saint Petersburg” for 2018 were used for the calculation. The contribution of the megalopolis of Saint Petersburg to change of the pollutants inflow is estimated.

The significance of wave–current interaction on modelled wave fields in the Baltic Sea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hedi Kanarik ◽  
Laura Tuomi ◽  
Jan-Victor Björkqvist ◽  
Tuomas Kärnä ◽  
Antti Westerlund
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Wave Spectrum ◽  
Hydrodynamical Model ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Surface Currents ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Notable Effect ◽  
Baltic Proper ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Gulf Of Finland

<p>Currents in the Baltic Sea are relatively weak and are thus often expected to have a negligible effect on sea surface waves. To evaluate the magnitude of wave–current interactions in the Baltic Sea, we ran the third generation wave model WAM with and without surface currents from the 3D hydrodynamical model Nemo4. The results showed that the currents have a notable effect on wave field only on rare occasions and that the effects are largest in coastal areas of the Baltic Proper, most notably in the western Gotland Basin, and the Gulf of Finland. The simulations showed that the currents in the Baltic Sea can cause differences of significant wave height up to tens of centimeters. More notable effect was the change in the peak of the wave spectrum from swell to wind driven waves and vice versa in some occasions. In our study w<span>e mostly focus on the events of strong wave–current interactions in the northern Baltic Proper and Gulf of Finland as we have measured wave spectra available from these locations. From the comparison with wave buoy measurements we see that implementing surface currents</span> <span>slightly improves the </span><span>m</span><span>odelled peak period in the Gulf of Finland.</span> <span>The Gulf of Finland is of special interest also because a group of ADCP’s were installed close to the wave buoy. The current measurements from these devices can therefore be used to evaluate the accuracy of the currents in the hydrodynamical model. </span></p>

Assessment of biogenous load on the Gulf of Finland exerted from the Russian territory

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolai Voronov ◽  
Nataly Victorova ◽  
Dmitry Shilov
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Russian Territory ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Bodies Of Water ◽  
The Gulf Of Finland

<p>The purpose of the essay was analysis and evaluation of the load generated by pollutants in the Russian part of the catchment area directly entering the Baltic Sea, as well as consideration of pro-rata contribution of all sources in the formation of factual biogenous load at the catchment areas of rivers flowing into the Gulf of Finland.</p><p>The assessment of biogenous load was made on the basis of observation data, statistical reporting data, mathematical modelling data and additional monitoring data for bodies of water in previously uncontrolled areas. To assess the amount of biogenous input from uncontrolled tributaries of the Gulf of Finland, field observations of the discharge and concentration of pollutants over a number of past years were analyzed and generalized.</p><p>It is noted that there has been a tendency towards reduction of pollutants for a number of substances in the last decade, as shown by the analysis. It is demonstrated that a significant decrease is due to reduced load from point sources that discharge pollutants directly to the Baltic Sea and its bays. Some proposals are presented for improving the Russian system of monitoring the load exerted on water bodies.</p>

High-resolution dynamics of the spring bloom in the Gulf of Finland of the Baltic Sea

2014 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 135-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga Lips ◽  
Nelli Rünk ◽  
Villu Kikas ◽  
Aet Meerits ◽  
Urmas Lips
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Spring Bloom ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Gulf Of Finland
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