scholarly journals Enhancement of waste stabilization ponds efficacy using local fixed film materials

2007 ◽  
pp. 419-428
Author(s):  
R.M. Al-Sa 'ed ◽  
N. Mahmoud ◽  
A. Abu-Madi ◽  
O.R. Zimmo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Waste Stabilization ◽  
In Series

This paper evaluates the feasibility of using local rock filter as natural media in waste stabilization ponds, A pilot-scale algae-rock filter ponds (ARPs) system was investigated, in parallel with algae-based ponds (ABPs) over a period of 6 months to evaluate the treatment efficacy of both systems. Each system entailed 4 equal ponds in series and was continuously fed with domestic wastewater from Birzeit University. The removal rates of organic matter, nutrients and faecal coliforms were monitored within each treatment system. The results obtained revealed that ARPs system was more efficient in the removal of organic matter (TSS and COD; 86% and 84%, respectively) and fecal coliforms (4 log10) than ABPs (81%, 81%, 3 log10, respectively). Nitrogen was reduced in the ARPs to an average of24 mg N/1; in contrast the ABPs effluent contained 32 mg N/1. Compared to ABP system, passive aerated ARPs option is an efficient, a low-cost and land-saving alternative with effluent quality suitable for restricted agricultural use in rural areas.

Treatment of Wastewater by Stabilization Ponds – Application to Tunisian Conditions

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ghrabi ◽  
M. Ferchichi ◽  
C. Drakidès
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Accumulation ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Irrigation Season ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Domestic Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Waste Stabilization

An experimental study of the domestic wastewater treatment in a series of four pilot-scale stabilization ponds was conducted. The objective was to adapt the treatment by waste stabilization ponds (WSP) to Tunisian conditions. The obtained results show that the average values of removal are about 72% for BOD, 65% for COD and more than 50% for ammonia nitrogen. The phosphate concentration was influenced by release of phosphate from decomposition sediment The elimination of total coliform, faecal coliform and faecal streptococci is between 99.3% and 99.99%. The most rate reduction was registered during the warm months which coincide with the irrigation season. The sediment accumulation is taken mainly in the first pond: the deposition rate is high (5 cm/year). In the three maturation ponds, it ranges from 1.3 to 1.6 cm/year. The WSP can be designed to satisfy Tunisian conditions. Because of favourable climate, loading can be much higher than those reported in the literature and some of the disadvantages of the pond system can be reduced. So we can economize in evaporation of effluent which is considered as a resource of irrigation in agriculture and we can reduce the surface area.

Faecal coliform die-off in wastewater storage and treatment reservoirs

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 139-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. B. Athayde Júnior ◽  
D. D. Mara ◽  
H. W. Pearson ◽  
S. A. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Faecal Coliform ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Waste Stabilization ◽  
In Series

This paper describes faecal coliform (FC) removal in pilot-scale Wastewater Storage and Treatment Reservoirs (WSTR) in northeast Brazil. FC decay during the filling phase of WSTR was very reduced, suggesting that these reactors should be filled as quickly as possible, and subjected to the highest organic loading that will not cause odour emissions. The highest loading employed in this study was 659 kgBOD5/ha.d, causing no nuisance conditions. During the resting phase, FC decay rate decreased exponentially and Chick's law was modified. The time into the resting phase for FC to reach 103 cfu/100 mL ranged from 15 to 25 days as WSTR depth varied from 2.00 to 6.50 m. The performance of sequential batch-fed waste stabilization ponds (SBFWSP) in removing FC was compared to that of waste stabilization ponds (WSP) operated in series. It was shown that, in general, SBFWSP were cheaper than WSP in series, with the bacteriological quality of the effluent in the former being more reliably predicted than in the latter operational regime. When provision of volume to store the winter effluents is considered, a WSP system presents a higher benefit/cost ratio than a hybrid WSP-WSTR system, but the adoption of the latter can double the annual net return for a rainy season of 5 months for instance. In the case of use of the hybrid WSP-WSTR system, the net return would be US$ 0.17 – 0.22 per cubic metre of available wastewater, depending on the length of the rainy season (3 – 5 months considered) as compared to US$ 0.12 from the WSP system alone.

scholarly journals Characterizing phosphorus removal in passive waste stabilization ponds in Arctic communities

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan J. Schmidt ◽  
Colin M. Ragush ◽  
Wendy H. Krkosek ◽  
Graham A. Gagnon ◽  
Rob C. Jamieson
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Waste Stabilization ◽  
Fractionation Analysis ◽  
Arctic Communities

A majority of communities in the Canadian territory of Nunavut rely on passive waste stabilization ponds (WSPs) for domestic wastewater treatment. Little research has been conducted on the treatment performance of these systems. Therefore, in response to impending federal wastewater regulations, a research program was conducted in order to characterize contaminant removal, with phosphorus a contaminant of particular concern. The performance of WSPs in the Arctic communities of Kugaaruk, Pond Inlet, Grise Fiord, and Clyde River was evaluated from 2011 to 2014. Removal of total phosphorus was highly variable, ranging from 24% (Pond Inlet, 2014) to 76% (Grise Fiord, 2011). The average removal efficiency was 44%. Effluent total phosphorus concentrations generally exceeded 7 mg P/L, partly due to elevated raw wastewater concentrations. Over the course of the treatment season (defined as June to September, when the WSP is thawed), limited additional total phosphorus removal was observed. A fractionation analysis of WSP sediments showed that organic phosphorus and phosphorus bound to aluminum and iron were the predominant forms, which provided insight into primary treatment mechanisms. Further studies on these mechanisms are needed in order to optimize Arctic WSP treatment.

scholarly journals Waste Stabilization Ponds as Teaching and Research Tools

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 389-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hall ◽  
A. C. Duarte ◽  
J. P. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Research Laboratory ◽  
Fish Processing ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Teaching And Research ◽  
Septic Tanks ◽  
Irrigation Pond ◽  
Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Waste Stabilization ◽  
In Series ◽  
To Receive

In any campus where there is an excess of land or where a decorative pond is available, it is often possible to establish a system of waste stabilization ponds (WSP) to be used as an open air research laboratory, as source of water for watering the campus grounds and as a demonstration unit for the community at large. One such system, comprising one photosynthetic and one macrophyte pond in parallel, followed by one fish and one irrigation pond in series, was built at the Faro Polythecnic in Portugal. The ponds are proceeded by an underground unit formed by three septic tanks in series followed by two upflow anaerobic filters in parallel. This system is expected to receive 120m3/day of a mixed effluent coming from the sanitary facilities, the refectory and the fish processing laboratory, with concentrations of about 600mg/l in both BOD and SS.

scholarly journals Identification of microalgae from waste stabilization ponds and evaluation of electroflotation by alternate current for simultaneous biomass separation and cell disruption

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Patricya Florentino ◽  
Mayara Carantino Costa ◽  
José Gilmar Silva Nascimento ◽  
Eliezer Fares Abdala-Neto ◽  
Cesar Rossas Mota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Alternate Current ◽  
Cell Disruption ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Lipid Yield ◽  
Algal Diversity ◽  
Microalgae Harvesting ◽  
Waste Stabilization

ABSTRACT This work aimed to investigate algal diversity at the genus level in stabilization pond systems treating domestic wastewater and to evaluate the feasibility of an electroflotation by alternate current (EFAC) system for simultaneous microalgae separation and cell disruption. Evaluation of algal diversity showed that the genera Euglena and Chlorella were present in relatively high frequencies in five of the six effluents analyzed. The use of EFAC on an effluent that presented bloom of Chlorella achieved turbidity and chlorophyll-a removal efficiencies higher than 70 and 90%, respectively, after 70 minutes of operation. Total lipid yield for the Chlorella-rich biomass was 21.4±2.02%. Such high biomass lipid content demonstrates the potential for obtaining lipid-based biofuels from wastes. The current paper describes the first attempt, with promising results, at using electroflotation by alternate current for low cost, simultaneous microalgae harvesting and disruption.

Removal of pathogenic organisms from the effluent of an upflow anaerobic digester using waste stabilization ponds

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 275-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. G. H. Dixo ◽  
M. P. Gambrill ◽  
P. F. C. Catunda ◽  
A. C. van Haandel
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Intestinal Nematode ◽  
Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Waste Stabilization ◽  
Nematode Eggs ◽  
Pathogenic Organisms

A series of four pilot-scale, shallow waste stabilization ponds (WSPs), comprising one facultative followed by three maturation ponds with a total design retention time of 20 days, was monitored to observe its ability to remove pathogenic organisms from the effluent of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) digester. The UASB reactor received strong domestic wastewater from the shanty district of a city in north-east Brazil. The raw wastewater had a very high concentration of intestinal nematode eggs of which, on average, 89.6 percent were removed in the UASB reactor. No intestinal nematode eggs were recovered in the effluent of the first maturation pond, making it suitable for restricted irrigation. The removal of eggs in the first pond exceeded predictions made using a recently published model. Faecal coliforms (FC) were reduced by 4.7 log units on average in the pond series -- the final effluent being suitable for unrestricted irrigation. pHs exceeding 10 were attained in the final maturation pond at the sunniest time of day. There was a significant correlation between levels of pH and FC in the ponds, the latter being ≤ 1000 per 100 ml when the former was ≥ 9.1. The removal of FC in the ponds was linear over the range of pH encountered. The findings are consistent with recent work by others suggesting that FC removal in ponds is multi-factorial. The UASB reactor, with a retention time of 7 h, is an efficient primary treatment alternative to an anaerobic pond in a WSP series receiving an extremely strong domestic wastewater. There are potential advantages of using the former in preference to the latter in a series of ponds.

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