Toxicological Profile for Perfluoroalkyls: Draft for Public Comment

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Disease Registry ◽  
Federal Register ◽  
Public Comment ◽  
Toxicological Profile

This toxicological profile is prepared in accordance with guidelines developed by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).The original guidelines were published in the Federal Register on April 17, 1987. Each profile will be revised and republished as necessary.

REGULATING RISK: OVERSIGHT OF MICROBIAL PRODUCTS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY UNDER THE U.S. TOXIC SUBSTANCES CONTROL ACT

1999 ◽  
Vol 01 (03) ◽  
pp. 329-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
REBECCA A. EFROYMSON
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Institutional Constraints ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Microbial Products ◽  
Toxic Substances Control Act ◽  
Risk Oversight ◽  
The U.S

The Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) is the legislation used by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to regulate releases of genetically engineered microorganisms. The rule defining the scope of the notification requirements for releases of microbial products of biotechnology was published in April 1997. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) had some latitude regarding the extent to which various categories of microorganisms would be regulated, but the agency was constrained by requirements of TSCA and an interagency agreement about how to regulate products of biotechnology. This paper investigates the extent to which the scope of oversight is based on risk. A risk-based rule is defined as one where the reporting requirements are based on potential for exposure or expected adverse effects. The evolution of the rule is described, and risk-based components are discussed. In conclusion, the scope of oversight of microbial releases is determined to be based on risk to the extent that legislation and institutional constraints permit.

Environmental Pediatrics and Its Impact on Government Health Policy

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 1146-1157
Author(s):  
Lynn Goldman ◽  
Henry Falk ◽  
Philip J. Landrigan ◽  
Sophie J. Balk ◽  
J. Routt Reigart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Health ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Birth Defects ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Centers Of Excellence ◽  
Recent Emergence ◽  
Children’S Environmental Health

Recent public recognition that children are different from adults in their exposures and susceptibilities to environmental contaminants has its roots in work that began >46 years ago, when the American Academy of Pediatrics (APA) established a standing committee to focus on children’s radiation exposures. We summarize the history of that important committee, now the AAP Committee on Environmental Health, including its statements and the 1999 publication of the AAP Handbook of Pediatric Environmental Health, and describe the recent emergence of federal and state legislative and executive actions to evaluate explicitly environmental health risks to children. As a result in large part of these efforts, numerous knowledge gaps about children’s health and the environment are currently being addressed. Government efforts began in the 1970s to reduce childhood lead poisoning and to monitor birth defects and cancer. In the 1990s, federal efforts accelerated with the Food Quality Protection Act, an executive order on children’s environmental health, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry/Environmental Protection Agency Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Units, and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/Environmental Protection Agency Centers of Excellence in Research in Children’s Environmental Health. In this decade, the Children’s Environmental Health Act authorized the National Children’s Study, which has the potential to address a number of critical questions about children’s exposure and health. The federal government has expanded efforts in control and prevention of childhood asthma and in tracking of asthma, birth defects, and other diseases that are linked to the environment. Efforts continue on familiar problems such as the eradication of lead poisoning, but new issues, such as prevention of childhood exposure to carcinogens and neurotoxins other than lead, and emerging issues, such as endocrine disruptors and pediatric drug evaluations, are in the forefront. More recently, these issues have been taken up by states and in the international arena.

potential risk of cancer to humans; and chemicals which CAG reviewed because one or more of three organizations (The International Agency for Research on Cancer, the National Toxicology Program Bioassay Program, and the Food and Drug Administration of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services) concluded that these chemicals are potential human carcinogens. Report of the TSCA Interagency Testing Committee to the Administrator, Environmental Protection Agency Section 4(e) of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) (P.L. 94469) established the TSCA Interagency Testing Committee (lTC) with representation from many of the Federal research and regulatory agencies. This Committee has the continuing responsibility to identify and recommend to the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, chemical substances or mixtures which should be tested to determine their hazard to human health or the environment. In the ITC review and recommendation of selected chemicals, priority attention given to those individual or groups of chemical substances or mixtures which are known to cause or contribute to, or which are suspected of causing or contributing to cancer, gene mutations, or birth defects. The list, and reasons for making each recommendation, are required to be published in the Federal Register. Since 1977, the lTC has published eight reports which contain a total of 46 chemical substances or categories of chemicals. One chemical has been removed from the 4( e) Priority List because EPA responded to the Committee's recommendation for testing. Toxic Substances Control Act: Substantial Risk Notification Under Section 8(e) of the Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976 (TSCA), anyone who obtains information which reasonably supports the conclusion that a substance presents a substantial risk of injury to human health or the environment must notify the Environmental Protection Agency within days. These notices are then reviewed by the Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances. An initial evaluation of the substance is prepared containing, if appropriate, followup questions to the submitter, referrals

1994 ◽  
pp. 20-20
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Chemical Substances ◽  
Section 8 ◽  
Substantial Risk ◽  
Toxic Substances Control Act

Municipal Wastewater Treatment Technology Transfer Activities of the United States Environmental Protection Agency

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 685-698
Author(s):  
J. J. Convery ◽  
J. F. Kreissl ◽  
A. D. Venosa ◽  
J. H. Bender ◽  
D. J. Lussier
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
The United States ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Outreach Program ◽  
Small Community ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Transfer Programs

Technology transfer is an important activity within the ll.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Specific technology transfer programs such as the activities of the Center for Environmental Research Information, the Innovative and Alternative Technology Program, as well as the Small Community Outreach Program are used to encourage the utilization of cost-effective municipal pollution control technology. Case studies of three technologies including a plant operations diagnostic/remediation methodology, alternative sewer technologies and ultraviolet disinfection are presented. These case studies are presented retrospectively in the context of a generalized concept of how technology flows from science to utilization which was developed in a study by Allen (1977). Additional insights from this study are presented on the information gathering characteristics of engineers and scientists which may be useful in designing technology transfer programs. The recognition of the need for a technology or a deficiency in current practice are important stimuli other than technology transfer for accelerating the utilization of new technology.

The Hornsby Bend Hyacinth Facility in Austin, Texas

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray Dinges ◽  
Jim Doersam
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Performance Data ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Fish Production ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Functional Characteristics ◽  
The City

The Hornsby Bend Hyacinth Facility, the first such system built under the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency “Construction Grants Program”, represents the culmination of over a decade of experience at the City of Austin with hyacinth treatment. The facility consists of three culture basins 265 m in length with an area of 1.6 ha. To permit year-round hyacinth culture, basins are covered with a 2.06 ha unitary greenhouse structure. Fenced exclusion areas at intervals along sides of basins serve as natural aerators and enhance fish production. The system, operated in an aerobic mode, was designed to daily treat about three million liters of sludge lagoon supernatant. Exclusion of large vertebrate predators and stocking of basins with selected animal species will provide a unique ecosystem. Basins were planted with hyacinth in late October, 1985 and discharge commenced on February 3, 1986. Functional characteristics and ecological considerations of the facility are discussed and operational performance data are presented. Maintenance harvesting of hyacinth and disposition of plant material are described. Application of greenhoused hyacinth treatment systems are addressed.

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