Evaluation of Essential Oil Antifungal Activity Against Mycorrhizal Fungi—The Case of Laurus Nobilis Essential Oil

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos Nikolaos Hassiotis
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Plant Litter ◽  
Aromatic Plant ◽  
Laurus Nobilis ◽  
Infection Level ◽  
The Mediterranean

Mycorrhiza is regarded essential for plant growth, especially in regions where precipitation and nutrient availability are low. Hundreds of aromatic plant species, which contain essential oils, are growing naturally around the Mediterranean. The plant essential oils are known for their antimicrobial properties. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the aromaticLaurus nobilis, abundant in the Mediterranean region, can influence the development of two mycorrhizal species,Glomus deserticolaandGlomus intraradices, and how this effect can influence the growth of the host plant. The major compounds ofL. nobilisessential oil were 1.8 cineole, sabinene, α-pinene, eugenole, α-terpinyl acetate, and β-pinene. Both mycorrhizal fungi colonized successfully the host plants, positively influencing their growth.G. deserticolapresented higher infection level thanG. intraradices.Addition ofL. nobilisoil into substrates resulted in mycorrhiza inhibition, and the level of inhibition was analogous with the amount of added essential oil. The fungi were benefited by the aromatic compounds up to 15 mg of essential oil per L of soil. However, 30 and 60 mg L-1of essential oil were able to create significant inhibition in mycorrhiza development and to restrict the host growth. Since the presence -of aromatics in the Mediterranean region could create such ecological problems, the elimination of aromatic plant litter before reforestation is suggested, to give the opportunity for mycorrhiza establishment and successful development of new plants.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and content of essential oil from the bud of cultivated Turkish clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.)

BioResources ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hakki Alma ◽  
Murat Ertaş ◽  
Siegfrie Nitz ◽  
Hubert Kollmannsberger
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Distillation Method ◽  
Eugenyl Acetate ◽  
Clove Bud Oil ◽  
Oil Company

In this study, clove bud oil, which was cultivated in the Mediterranean region of Turkey, was provided from a private essential oil company in Turkey. Essential oil from clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) was obtained from steam-distillation method, and its chemical composition was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The results showed that the essential oils mainly contained about 87.00% eugenol, 8.01% eugenyl acetate and 3.56% β-Caryophyllene. The chemical composition of the Turkish clove bud oil was comparable to those of trees naturally grown in their native regions.

scholarly journals Mycorrhizal fungi inoculation and phosphorus fertilizer on growth, essential oil production and nutrient uptake in peppermint (Mentha piperita L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 692-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Arango ◽  
M.F. Ruscitti ◽  
M.G. Ronco ◽  
J. Beltrano
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Essential Oil Yield ◽  
Essential Oil Production

This study evaluated the effects of inoculation with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae, Glomus intraradices A4 and Glomus intraradices B1 and two phosphorus levels (10 and 40 mg kg-1) on root colonization, plant growth, nutrient uptake and essential oil content in Mentha piperita L. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, in 4x2 factorial arrangement, in completely randomized design. At sixty days after transplanting, the mycorrhizal plants had significantly higher fresh matter, dry matter and leaf area compared to non-mycorrhizal plants. The inoculation increased P, K and Ca levels in the shoot which were higher under 40 mg P kg-1 of soil. Plants grown with 40 mg P kg-1 soil increased the essential oil yield per plant by about 40-50% compared to those cultivated with 10 mg P kg-1, regardless of the mycorrhizal treatment. Among the studied fungal species, inoculation with G. intraradices A4 and a high level of P significantly increased plant growth and essential oil yield, compared to the other studied mycorrhizal fungal species. In conclusion, inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi into peppermint plants is a feasible alternative to increase the essential oil production and reduce the use of fertilizers required to obtain economic production of peppermint under phosphorus-deficient soil condition.

scholarly journals Essential Oil Compositions of Two Populations of Salvia samuelssonii Growing in Different Biogeographical Regions of Jordan

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammar Bader ◽  
Pier Luigi Cioni ◽  
Nunziatina De Tommasi ◽  
Guido Flamini
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Biogeographical Regions ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Two Populations

The composition of the essential oils of flowering aerial parts of Salvia samuelssonii Rech. fil. (Lamiaceae Section Aethiopis), collected in two different biogeographical regions, has been analyzed. Sample1, collected in a Mediterranean-like region, “As-Subayhi”, contains mainly monoterpenes (54.2%), sesquiterpenes (27.6%) and phenylpropanoids (10.5%), while sample 2, collected in the Irano-Turanian region, “Al-Adasiyyah”, contains mainly phenylpropanoids (30.6%), monoterpenes (24.9%) and sesquiterpenes (21.2%). In Sample1, the most representative constituents were sabinene (21.5%), cis-chrysanthenyl acetate (20.8%), germacrene D (9.3%) and myristicin (5.9%), while in sample 2, myristicin (24.1%), sclareoloxide (6.3%), and germacrene D (5.7%) were main constituents. The rate of oxygenated derivatives in the Irano-Turanian sample was higher than the Mediterranean sample. Myristicin is an unusual constituent of Salvia species.

scholarly journals Ecology, Cultivation and Utilization of the Aromatic Greek Oregano (Origanum vulgare L.): A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elpiniki SKOUFOGIANNI ◽  
Alexandra D. SOLOMOU ◽  
Nicholaos G. DANALATOS
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Digital Object Identifier ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Origanum Vulgare ◽  
Medicinal And Aromatic Plants ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
The Mediterranean

Medicinal and aromatic plants represent a stable part of the natural biodiversity legacy of many countries in the world. The present review focuses on oregano (Origanum vulgare L.; family Lamiaceae), an endemic herb in Greece that constitutes one of the best known aromatic and medicinal plants originating in the Mediterranean region. In particular, oregano is an evergreen, rich in natural compounds perennial plant that received increased attention in the last years for a wide range of uses. Oregano dry leaves and inflorescences in mixture are used as human and animal food that is extremely rich in antioxidative properties. Additionally, its essential oil is rich in carvacrol, thymol, c-terpinene and p-cymene, and is used for a number of medicinal purposes, e.g. for inhibiting microbial and fungal toxin production as well as for the well-known anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiarthritic, antiallergic, anticarcinogenic, antidiabetic, cardioprotective, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective properties. Due to its perfect quality and high essential oil concentration, Greek oregano (O. vulgare ssp. hirtum) is regarded among the best in the world gaining in popularity in the global markets for food industry applications. Consequently, oregano might be considered as an important low-input, environmental friendly commodity for extensive cultivation in Greece. The present review summarizes on the origin, the morphology, the ecology and the utilization of this plant. Despite the extensive literature available on the use of oregano biomass and essential oil, only few reports exist concerning the cultivation of this plant. Therefore, the present review is additionally focused on the cultivation practices and the importance of cultivation and utilization of Origanum vulgare L. in Greece and generally in the Mediterranean region in the near future, as it constitutes a plant species with high medical, economic and environmental value.   ********* In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 3, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue. *********

Processes contributing to the improvement in antifungal effect of bio-molecules extracted from Moroccan Laurus nobilis against Verticillium dahliae

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 267-275
Author(s):  
Abdelali Chourfi ◽  
Soumia Darai ◽  
Ghizlane Echchgadda ◽  
Tajelmolk Alaoui
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Verticillium Dahliae ◽  
Plant Pathogen ◽  
Plant Part ◽  
Antifungal Compounds ◽  
Laurus Nobilis ◽  
Antifungal Effect

  This work offers comparisons between stakeholder’s labor works before and during extraction of biomolecules extracted from Laurus nobilis in Morocco. The objective of this study was to determine some paths to follow in order to have a better extract that can inhibit or minimize the development of Ver-ticilium dahliae. For essential oils, we studied the effect of harvest region, harvest period, plant part, drying temperature, pressure of distillation, distil-lation temperature and fraction of applied essential oil. For extracts with organic solvents, we compared their effect by pursuing both techniques dur-ing extraction. The first one was about using an organic solvent for total ex-traction; while the second technique concerned a fractional extraction by using some solvents and pursuing an increasing polarity. The results showed that the degree of development inhibition in plant pathogen show a signifi-cant difference. Thus, these findings will be helpful in preparing a technical draft to be followed in the extraction of biomolecules from this plant in or-der to obtain better results in getting antifungal compounds.

scholarly journals Do Non-Aromatic Labiatae Produce Essential Oil? The Case Study of Prasium Majus L

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0800301
Author(s):  
Claudia Giuliani ◽  
Roberto Maria Pellegrino ◽  
Bruno Tirillini ◽  
Laura Maleci Bini
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Aromatic Plant ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Essential Oil Production

Prasium majus L. (Labiatae, Lamioideae) is considered a typical non-aromatic plant. In this work we examined the glandular trichomes present on leaves and inflorescences and the essential oils of plants growing along the Tuscan coast of Italy. The micromorphological study evidenced different types of trichomes responsible for the essential oil production. The essential oil compositions of leaves and flowers were analyzed by GC/MS and are here reported.

scholarly journals Changes in essential oil and morpho-physiological traits of tarragon (Artemisia dracuncalus L.) in responses to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, AMF (Glomus intraradices N.C. Schenck & G.S. Sm.) inoculation under salinity

2017 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
Amin Lamian ◽  
Hassanali Naghdi Badi ◽  
Ali Mehrafarin ◽  
Mehdi Seif Sahandi
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Bornyl Acetate ◽  
Methyl Chavicol ◽  
Salinity Condition ◽  
Amf Inoculation

This study aimed to evaluate the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (<em>Glomus intraradices </em>N.C. Schenck &amp; G.S. Sm.) inoculation and salinity effect on qualitative and quantitative changes in tarragon yield. Treatments included inoculation, and non-inoculation of AMF, and five salinity levels of irrigation water (with the electrical conductivity of 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 dS m<sup>-1</sup>). The results showed the plant height, SPAD value, number of leaves, dry mass of leaves and shoot per plant were reduced under salinity condition. The various levels of salinity decreased the content of tarragon essential oil and some its components consist of <em>α</em>-pinene, limonene, <em>Z</em>-ocimene, <em>E</em>-ocimene, and methyl chavicol while, it increased the content of bornyl acetate, eugenol, methyl eugenol, caryophyllene, germacrene, and <em>α</em>-farnesene. AMF inoculation without salinity had the greatest positive effect on the evaluated traits of tarragon. Also, it improved the morpho-physiological traits under salinity due to alleviation of the harmful effects of salinity. Although the essential oil content was reduced with the AMF inoculation, the methyl chavicol amount was increased by the AMF inoculation under salinity condition.

scholarly journals PHARMACOLOGICAL NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFICACY OF ESSENTIAL OILS (EO) BASED AROMATHERAPY: AN INSIGHT

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arushi Pant ◽  
Shriya Agarwal ◽  
Kanupriya Jha ◽  
Manisha Singh
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Complementary Therapies ◽  
Aromatic Plant ◽  
Treatment Of Epilepsy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Neuroprotective Efficacy ◽  
Conventional Alternative ◽  
Plant Compounds

Aromatherapy or Essential oil therapy is attributed towards the field of conventional, alternative or complementary therapies which requires essential oils and other aromatic plant compounds. Essential oils (EOs) belong to the class of highly volatile compounds which, due to their higher concentrated natural constituents acquire unique properties and hence, are being used for its wide range of therapeutic health benefits. Their benefits widely range from being a potential antimicrobial, antidepressant, antiviral and antiseptic agents to the elevator of many CNS related behaviours like - anxiety, stress, wisdom, memory, attention, relaxation, sedation, and sleep. Furthermore, the effects on mood, pain, and perception too are being influenced by the use of essential oils. It also helps in the treatment of epilepsy, stress, dementia by giving calming and soothing effects to the nerve cells and is also effective against dementia and on the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.

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