Clinical possibilities of complex probiotic Probiz for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and other intestinal inflammatory lesions (review)

2016 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iu.V. Marushko ◽  
◽  
A.O. Asonov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Lesions ◽  
Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea

Use of Protein a Conjugated to Peroxidase to Localize Immunoglobulin G in SSPE Ferret Brain

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 350-351
Author(s):  
Hannah R. Brown ◽  
Anthony F. Nostro ◽  
Halldor Thormar
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Measles Virus ◽  
Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Inflammatory Lesions ◽  
Sspe Virus ◽  
Specific Immunoglobulin ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
The Brain

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a slowly progressing disease of the CNS in children which is caused by measles virus. Ferrets immunized with measles virus prior to inoculation with the cell associated, syncytiogenic D.R. strain of SSPE virus exhibit characteristics very similar to the human disease. Measles virus nucleocapsids are present, high measles antibody titers are found in the sera and inflammatory lesions are prominent in the brains. Measles virus specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) is present in the brain,and IgG/ albumin ratios indicate that the antibodies are synthesized within the CNS.

scholarly journals Inflammatory Lesions: Cyclic Arginine–Glycine–Aspartate‐Decorated Lipid Nanoparticle Targeting toward Inflammatory Lesions Involves Hitchhiking with Phagocytes (Adv. Sci. 13/2021)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (13) ◽  
pp. 2170077
Author(s):  
Alexandros Marios Sofias ◽  
Geir Bjørkøy ◽  
Jordi Ochando ◽  
Linda Sønstevold ◽  
Maria Hegvik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Lesions ◽  
Lipid Nanoparticle

scholarly journals Disorders of placental villous maturation in fetal death

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Jaiman ◽  
Roberto Romero ◽  
Percy Pacora ◽  
Eunjung Jung ◽  
Gaurav Bhatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Observational Cohort Study ◽  
Maturation Arrest ◽  
Inflammatory Lesions ◽  
Multiple Gestations ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
Retrospective Observational Cohort Study

Abstract Objective The aims of this study were to ascertain the frequency of disorders of villous maturation in fetal death and to also delineate other placental histopathologic lesions in fetal death. Methods This was a retrospective observational cohort study of fetal deaths occurring among women between January 2004 and January 2016 at Hutzel Women’s Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA. Cases comprised fetuses with death beyond 20 weeks’ gestation. Fetal deaths with congenital anomalies and multiple gestations were excluded. Controls included pregnant women without medical/obstetrical complications and delivered singleton, term (37–42 weeks) neonate with 5-min Apgar score ≥7 and birthweight between the 10th and 90th percentiles. Results Ninety-two percent (132/143) of placentas with fetal death showed placental histologic lesions. Fetal deaths were associated with (1) higher frequency of disorders of villous maturation [44.0% (64/143) vs. 1.0% (4/405), P < 0.0001, prevalence ratio, 44.6; delayed villous maturation, 22% (31/143); accelerated villous maturation, 20% (28/143); and maturation arrest, 4% (5/143)]; (2) higher frequency of maternal vascular malperfusion lesions [75.5% (108/143) vs. 35.7% (337/944), P < 0.0001, prevalence ratio, 2.1] and fetal vascular malperfusion lesions [88.1% (126/143) vs. 19.7% (186/944), P < 0.0001, prevalence ratio, 4.5]; (3) higher frequency of placental histologic patterns suggestive of hypoxia [59.0% (85/143) vs. 9.3% (82/942), P < 0.0001, prevalence ratio, 6.8]; and (4) higher frequency of chronic inflammatory lesions [53.1% (76/143) vs. 29.9% (282/944), P < 0.001, prevalence ratio 1.8]. Conclusion This study demonstrates that placentas of womem with fetal death were 44 times more likely to present disorders of villous maturation compared to placentas of those with normal pregnancy. This suggests that the burden of placental disorders of villous maturation lesions is substantial.

scholarly journals Efficacy and Safety of Azelaic Acid Nanocrystal-Loaded In Situ Hydrogel in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 567
Author(s):  
Ivona Tomić ◽  
Sandra Miočić ◽  
Ivan Pepić ◽  
Dubravka Šimić ◽  
Jelena Filipović-Grčić
Keyword(s):  
Azelaic Acid ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Topical Therapy ◽  
Adverse Event Rate ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Inflammatory Lesions ◽  
First Choice ◽  
In Situ Hydrogel

Acne vulgaris is a common, multifactorial, inflammatory skin disease affecting the pilosebaceous unit. Topical therapy is the first choice in the treatment of mild to moderate acne, and azelaic acid (AZA) is one of the most commonly used drugs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a low-dose azelaic acid nanocrystal (AZA-NC) hydrogel in the treatment of mild to moderate facial acne. The study was designed as a double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Patients were randomized to treatment with AZA-NC hydrogel, 10%, or AZA cream, 20%, administered in quantities of approximately 1 g twice daily for 8 weeks. Efficacy of therapy was measured by the number of lesions and safety by the frequency and severity of adverse events. At week 8, the success rate of treatment with AZA-NC hydrogel, 10%, was 36.51% (p < 0.001) versus 30.37% (p < 0.001) with AZA cream. At week 8, treatment with AZA-NC hydrogel, 10%, resulted in a significant reduction in total inflammatory lesions from baseline of 39.15% (p < 0.001) versus 33.76% (p < 0.001) with AZA cream, and a reduction in non-inflammatory lesions from baseline of 34.58% (p < 0.001) versus 27.96% (p < 0.001) with AZA cream, respectively. The adverse event rate was low and mostly mild.

scholarly journals FRI0304 SERUM IGG-UNDERGALACTOSYLATION PROFILES REFLECT CUMULATIVE EXPOSURE TO SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION IN SPONDYLOARTHRITIS PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 742.1-742
Author(s):  
A. S. De Craemer ◽  
Z. Lukasik ◽  
L. Meuris ◽  
L. Deroo ◽  
T. Renson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Activity ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Symptom Duration ◽  
Inflammatory Lesions ◽  
Serum Igg ◽  
Asas Classification Criteria ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Independent Association

Background:Inflammation in spondyloarthritis (SpA) is often not reflected by elevated acute phase reactants such as C-reactive protein (CRP) or erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). It has been shown that IgG glycosylation patterns are subject to specific alterations (i.e. undergalactosylation) in chronic inflammatory diseases. Since these changes only occur in persistent inflammatory processes, lasting at least one to two t1/2of IgG (24 days), it was hypothesized that IgG-glycan profiles could serve as a surrogate marker for chronic inflammation in SpA patients.Objectives:To assess the value of serum IgG-undergalactosylation in SpA patients in relation to outcome measures for disease activity, determined by patient reported outcomes, serum inflammatory markers and imaging outcomes.Methods:Serum samples were obtained from SpA patients at the baseline visit of Be-Giant: a Belgian observational cohort including SpA patients who fulfill the ASAS classification criteria for axial or peripheral SpA. IgG Fc N-glycans were released directly in whole serum by endo-β-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase fromStreptococcus pyogenes(EndoS), fluorescently labeled with ATPS and analyzed by capillary electrophoresis, rendering glycan profiles with six peaks (Figure 1). Relative peak heights were combined in the undergalactosylation score (UGS), capturing the relative upregulation of non-galactosylated glycans normalized to the total peak height (1). Baseline radiographs (X-SIJ) and magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the sacroiliac joints (SIJ) were assessed by three calibrated readers for sacroiliitis (fulfillment of the modified New York criteria; grading 0 to 4 per SIJ) and for inflammatory lesions according to the Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada (SPARCC) method (score from 0 – 72) respectively. Grades and inflammatory lesions that were seen by at least 2 readers were used for further analysis.Figure 1.Example of a serum IgG-specific glycan profile. Adapted from (1), with permission.Results:Glycan profiles were obtained from 376 SpA patients; UGS was scaled (mean = 0, SD = 1) for further analysis. UGS was independently associated with ASDAS-CRP (β1= 0.15, 95% CI 0.04 – 0.26, p = 0.006) and BASFI (β1= 0.44, 95% CI 0.16 – 0.72, p = 0.002) but not with BASDAI (β1= 0.12, 95% CI -0.13 – 0.38, p = 0.34). UGS showed a weak to moderate correlation with CRP (Rs= 0.30, p < 0.001) and ESR (Rs= 0.27, p <0.001). In axial SpA, UGS was significantly higher in patients with ankylosing spondylitis compared to non-radiographic axial SpA (OR = 2.41, 95% CI 1.60 – 3.73, p < 0.001) and showed an independent association with the total grading of the SIJ (β1= 0.44, 95% CI 0.09 – 0.80, p = 0.01, Figure 2) and SPARCC score (β1= 2.64, 95% CI 0.98 – 4.31, p = 0.002). All models were adjusted for age, gender, BMI, CRP, anti-TNF treatment and symptom duration.Conclusion:This study shows and independent association of serum IgG undergalactosylation with disease activity and functional impairment in SpA patients. Moreover, UGS was significantly higher in advanced compared to early-stage axial disease and therefore may reflect the cumulative exposure to systemic inflammation.References:[1]Vanderschaeghe D, Meuris L, Raes T, et al. Endoglycosidase S Enables a Highly Simplified Clinical Chemistry Procedure for Direct Assessment of Serum IgG Undergalactosylation in Chronic Inflammatory Disease. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2018;17(12):2508-17.Figure 2.Correlation between UGS and X-SIJ total grading of sacroiliitis. R = Spearman’s correlation coefficient.Disclosure of Interests:Ann-Sophie De Craemer: None declared, Zuzanna Lukasik: None declared, Leander Meuris: None declared, Liselotte Deroo: None declared, Thomas Renson: None declared, Manouk de Hooge: None declared, Philippe Carron: None declared, Annelies Van Hecke: None declared, Nico Callewaert: None declared, Filip van den Bosch Consultant of: AbbVie, Celgene Corporation, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, and UCB, Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Celgene Corporation, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, and UCB, Dirk Elewaut: None declared

scholarly journals Proteomic Adaptation of Clostridioides difficile to Treatment with the Antimicrobial Peptide Nisin

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 372
Author(s):  
Sandra Maaß ◽  
Jürgen Bartel ◽  
Pierre-Alexander Mücke ◽  
Rabea Schlüter ◽  
Thomas Sura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Sublethal Concentrations ◽  
Interesting Alternative

Clostridioides difficile is the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea but can also result in more serious, life-threatening conditions. The incidence of C. difficile infections in hospitals is increasing, both in frequency and severity, and antibiotic-resistant C. difficile strains are advancing. Against this background antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are an interesting alternative to classic antibiotics. Information on the effects of AMPs on C. difficile will not only enhance the knowledge for possible biomedical application but may also provide insights into mechanisms of C. difficile to adapt or counteract AMPs. This study applies state-of-the-art mass spectrometry methods to quantitatively investigate the proteomic response of C. difficile 630∆erm to sublethal concentrations of the AMP nisin allowing to follow the cellular stress adaptation in a time-resolved manner. The results do not only point at a heavy reorganization of the cellular envelope but also resulted in pronounced changes in central cellular processes such as carbohydrate metabolism. Further, the number of flagella per cell was increased during the adaptation process. The potential involvement of flagella in nisin adaptation was supported by a more resistant phenotype exhibited by a non-motile but hyper-flagellated mutant.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics and factors related to antibiotic-associated diarrhea in elderly patients with pneumonia: a retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko Takedani ◽  
Tsukasa Nakamura ◽  
Noriko Fukiwake ◽  
Toshihiro Imada ◽  
Junji Mashino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea ◽  
Elderly Inpatients

Abstract Background Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is a common problem among elderly inpatients because many elderly patients are admitted for pneumonia or other conditions that necessitate antibiotic treatment. In the super aging population, more patients are suffering from pneumonia than before, but the incidence or risk factors for AAD among many elderly patients have not been well scrutinized. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of elderly patients diagnosed with pneumonia from April 2014 to March 2019 who were admitted to the Department of General Medicine of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Japan. Patients (≥ 65 years of age) who were diagnosed with bacterial pneumonia or aspiration pneumonia and treated with antibiotics were included. We defined AAD by diarrhea with more than three loose or watery stools per day and included patients who had these symptoms for either one day or two or more consecutive days. We also assessed the length of hospital stay and in-hospital mortality. The potential risk factors for AAD included age, sex, body weight, body mass index, smoking, alcohol, activities of daily living (ADL),　comorbidities, vital signs, laboratories, the severity of pneumonia, antibiotic and other medication use. Results There were 1,067 patients, the mean age was 83 years, and men accounted for 59 %. β-Lactamase inhibitors were frequently prescribed antibiotics in 703 patients (66 %), and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) were also commonly administered (48 %). AAD developed in 322 patients (30 %). The multivariate logistic regression model showed that β-lactamase inhibitors (OR 1.43, 95 % CI 1.05–1.95) and PPIs (OR 1.37, 95 % CI 1.03–1.83) were associated with AAD as well as age (OR 1.03 per year, 95 % CI 1.01–1.05). Conclusions AAD was common among elderly inpatients with pneumonia, and β-lactamase inhibitors and PPIs were associated with AAD. Strict use of such medication should be considered to decrease the risk of AAD.

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