Complex therapy of acute respiratory infections in children

2016 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
G.V. Beketova ◽  
◽  
O.V. Soldatova ◽  
R.Z. Gan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Complex Therapy

PERAN IBU DALAM PENINGKATAN SISTEM IMUN ANAK DENGAN INFEKSI SALURAN PERNAFASAN AKUT

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Cindy Ayustin Noya ◽  
Angkit Kinasih ◽  
Venti Agustina ◽  
R.Rr Maria Dyah Kurniasari
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Clean Environment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive

Infeksi saluran pernafasan akut atau yang sering disebut ISPA merupakan infeksi pada saluran pernafasan baik saluran pernafasan atas atau bawah.ISPA juga kebanyakan terjadi pada anak balita karena daya tahan tubuh mereka tidak kuat dalam menghadapi penyakit ISPA. ISPA mengakibatkan kematiansekitar15%-20% per tahun pada usia balita di Negara berkembang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa peran ibu dalam meningkatkan sistem imun anak dengan ISPA.Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan sampel purposive sampling.Populasi dan sampel penelitian ini adalah ibu yang mempunyai anak dengan riwayat dan saat ini menderita penyakit ISPA di Batu Gajah Kota Ambon.Partisipan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 5 orang. Hasil dari penelitian mendapati 4 kategori yaitu pemberian nutrisi pada anak untuk memenuhi kebutuhan agar sistem imunnya terjaga, kebersihan lingkungan, peran ibu dalam melakukan pencegahan pada anaknya yang mengalami ISPA, dan  peran ibu dalam menjaga dan mempertahankan kesehatan anaknya.   Kata kunci: peran ibu, sistem imun, ispa THE ROLE OF MOTHERS IN INCREASING IMMUNE SYSTEM OF CHILDREN WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTION    ABSTRACT Acute respiratory infections or often called ARI is an infection of the upper or lower respiratory tract. ARI occurs mostly in children under the age of five because their endurance is not strong in dealing with ARI. ARI results in deaths of around 15%-20% per year at the age of under-five in developing countries. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the role of mothers in improving the immune system of children against ARI. The research method used in this study was qualitative descriptive with a purposive sampling sample. Respondents and samples of this study were five mothers who had children with a history of ARI and currently suffering from the disease in Batu Gajah, Ambon City. The results of the study found 4 categories, namely providing nutrition to children to meet their needs so that their immune systems are maintained, clean environment, mother's role in preventing children with ARI, and mother's role to preserve and maintain the health of their children. The findings indicated that in terms of coping or improving the immune system of a child to avoid ARI, it is necessary to have role the of mothers in providing nutrition so that the immune system is boosted, besides that the mother can prevent and protect her child from various diseases, especially ARI. Keywords: role of mothers, immune system, acute respiratory infections

A rational approach to the choice of antiviral therapy for acute respiratory infections in children

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Olga L. Chugunova ◽  
◽  
Еlena V. Melekhina ◽  
Anna D. Muzyka ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Therapy ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections

В статье рассматриваются вопросы терапии острых респираторных заболеваний у детей на основании обсуждения современных особенностей этиологии, патогенеза, клинических проявлений. Изменение классической клинической картины течения острых респираторных инфекций в за-висимости от этиологии возбудителя, а также увеличивающаяся с каждым годом доля сочетанных инфекций диктует необходимость этиологиче-ской расшифровки случаев острых респираторных заболеваний у детей. Наиболее быстрым тестом (получение результата в течение нескольких часов), обладающим высокой чувствительностью и специфичностью, является обнаружение нуклеиновых кислот респираторных вирусов в мате-риале мазков из ротоглотки. Особенности взаимодействия герпесвирусов с клетками хозяина, длительное течение инфекционного процесса и изменение иммунологической реактивности вследствие этого определяют целесообразность назначения противовирусной терапии пациентам с клиническими проявлениями острых респираторных вирусных инфекций (ОРВИ) и активными формами герпесвирусных инфекций. На основании обследования более 1500 детей в возрасте от 1 года до 17 лет нами было показано, что до 90% инфицированы хотя бы одним герпесвирусом, наиболее часто встречающимся является вирус герпеса человека 6А/В. Указаны проблемные вопросы терапии ОРВИ, в том числе преобладание сочетанных инфекций, развитие вторичной иммунологической недостаточности и синдрома послевирусной астении. Результаты метаанализа, опубликованного в 2017 г., на основании 531 клинического исследования, продемонстрировали, что применение меглюмина акридонацетата в ка-честве профилактического и лечебного средства при острых респираторных заболеваниях, ОРВИ и гриппе у детей и взрослых более чем в 5 раз повышает шансы предотвратить развитие заболевания или перенести его в более легкой форме. Ключевые слова: ОРВИ, острые респираторные заболевания, герпесвирусные инфекции, меглюмина акридонацетат, дети. Для цитирования: Чугунова О.Л., Мелёхина Е.В., Музыка А.Д. Рациональный подход к выбору противовирусной терапии острых респираторных заболеваний у детей. Педиатрия. Consilium Medicum. 2020; 1: 52–57. DOI: 10.26442/26586630.2020.1.200082

Metapneumovirus humano: epidemiología y posibles tratamientos profilácticos

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
Marcela Solís-Rodríguez ◽  
Ángel G. Alpuche-Solís ◽  
Rocío G. Tirado-Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Antigenic Determinant ◽  
Prophylactic Treatment ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Host Immunity ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Antiviral Peptides ◽  
Fusion Glycoprotein

In 2001 in the Netherlands, Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) was identified as a “new” etiologic agent causing acute respiratory infections in children younger than 5 years old; however, it has also been isolated in the elderly and immunocompromised people. This virus is considered the second etiological agent in acute diseases of the respiratory tract. Currently, the estimated cost of IRAs in our country is of 9,000USD per inpatient. hMPV is a member of the genus Metapneumovirus, family Pneumoviridae, and it belongs to the order Mononegavirales that is part of the negative single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus, consisting of eight genes ordered: 3’-N-P-M-FM2-SH-G-L-5 ‘, and which encodes for 9 proteins. Of these proteins, the F fusion glycoprotein is highly conserved in the genus Metapneumovirus, and is the major antigenic determinant, and because an approved vaccine doesn’t exist, it has been used as a candidate epitope for the design of a vaccine that confers host immunity or as a therapeutic target in the creation of antiviral peptides that inhibit the fusion of the virus to its target cell and to avoid infection in subjects at high risk of contagion since there is currently none accepted by COFEPRIS as a prophylactic treatment against hMPV. Key words: hMPV; respiratory infections; epitopes; protein F;vaccines.

scholarly journals 145. Monthly Antibiotic Prescribing Peer Comparison Combined with In-person Education Decreases Antibiotic Prescribing for Acute Respiratory Infections

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S83-S83
Author(s):  
Shelby J Kolo ◽  
David J Taber ◽  
Ronald G Washburn ◽  
Katherine A Pleasants
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Primary Care Providers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Provider Education

Abstract Background Inappropriate antibiotic prescribing is an important modifiable risk factor for antibiotic resistance. Approximately half of all antibiotics prescribed for acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in the United States may be inappropriate or unnecessary. The purpose of this quality improvement (QI) project was to evaluate the effect of three consecutive interventions on improving antibiotic prescribing for ARIs (i.e., pharyngitis, rhinosinusitis, bronchitis, common cold). Methods This was a pre-post analysis of an antimicrobial stewardship QI initiative to improve antibiotic prescribing for ARIs in six Veterans Affairs (VA) primary care clinics. Three distinct intervention phases occurred. Educational interventions included training on appropriate antibiotic prescribing for ARIs. During the first intervention period (8/2017-1/2019), education was presented virtually to primary care providers on a single occasion. In the second intervention period (2/2019-10/2019), in-person education with peer comparison was presented on a single occasion. In the third intervention period (11/2019-4/2020), education and prescribing feedback with peer comparison was presented once in-person followed by monthly emails of prescribing feedback with peer comparison. January 2016-July 2017 was used as a pre-intervention baseline period. The primary outcome was the antibiotic prescribing rate for all classifications of ARIs. Secondary outcomes included adherence to antibiotic prescribing guidance for pharyngitis and rhinosinusitis. Descriptive statistics and interrupted time series segmented regression were used to analyze the outcomes. Results Monthly antibiotic prescribing peer comparison emails in combination with in-person education was associated with a statistically significant 12.5% reduction in the rate of antibiotic prescribing for ARIs (p=0.0019). When provider education alone was used, the reduction in antibiotic prescribing was nonsignificant. Conclusion Education alone does not significantly reduce antibiotic prescribing for ARIs, regardless of the delivery mode. In contrast, education followed by monthly prescribing feedback with peer comparison was associated with a statistically significant reduction in ARI antibiotic prescribing rates. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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