scholarly journals Air pollution and health of children in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Yu.H. Antypkin ◽  
◽  
O.P. Volosovets ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Mobile Sources ◽  
Toxic Emissions ◽  
All Diseases

Atmospheric air pollution is one of the main factors, which negatively affects the health of children in Ukraine. It can exacerbate chronic diseases and decrease the quality of life of children and their families. The aim to determine the correlation ranking between the incidence and prevalence of diseases among children in Ukraine in 2015 and the volume of pollutant emissions from stationary and mobile sources of pollution per person depending on the area of residence. Materials and methods. During the analysis, data from the Center for Medical Statistics of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine and the State Statistics Service of Ukraine for 2015 were used. Methods of system approach, epidemiological, correlation and cluster analysis are applied. Results. In our study we have discovered that the volume of pollutant emissions from stationary and mobile sources into the atmosphere per 1 person had a direct impact on the incidence of all diseases of children in Ukraine, especially children aged 0–6 years (p<0.01). The closest direct correlation was observed between pollutant emissions and prevalence of respiratory diseases among children, especially in children aged 0–6 years and 15–17 years and with the prevalence of bronchial asthma and diabetes in all age groups. The correlation between children morbidity level of tuberculosis, some infectious and parasitic diseases, congenital anomalies, circulatory and digestive diseases, diseases of the musculoskeletal system, ear and mammary gland and the volume of air toxic emissions haven't reached any important statistical significance. Correlation between the mortality rates of children under one year and the incidence of all diseases, including respiratory diseases, some infectious diseases, acute respiratory viral infections, pneumonia and influenza, cerebral palsy and air toxic emissions also haven't reached statistical significance. Conclusions. Morbidity and prevalence of all children's diseases was chained in different manner with the amount of pollutant air emissions. This fact indicates that the increase in morbidity is associated not only with socio-economic and medical and genetic factors, but also with environmental influence. This situation requires brings a necessity of establishment the issue of environmental safety of the population of Ukraine, especially children. No conflict of interest were declared by the authors. Key words: children, morbidity, prevalence, mortality, air pollution.

scholarly journals Influence of air pollution on hospital admissions for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in Nis, Serbia

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 473-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran Milosevic ◽  
Dragan Bogdanovic ◽  
Sladjana Jovic ◽  
Aleksandra Stankovic ◽  
Suzana Milutinovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Sulphur Dioxide ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Black Smoke

Background/Aim. In studies that investigate the health effects of short-term air pollution exposure, population-wide changes in acute outcomes such as mortality, hospital admissions and healthcare visits are linked to short-term variations in ambient pollutant concentrations. The aim of this study was to estimate the association between daily outdoor black smoke and sulphur dioxide levels and hospital admissions for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in Nis, within a period 2001-2005. Methods. A time series analysis was performed using separated regression models for each pollutant and disease group, by age groups and population as a whole. The effects of copollutant, meteorological factors and cyclic oscillations in hospitalization numbers were controlled. Results. A significant increase in hospital admissions was associated with a 10 ?g/m3 increase in the concentration of black smoke, for cardiovascular diseases: 3.14% (< 0.01) in children and youth under 19 years of age, 1.85% (< 0.001) in 19-64 age group, and 0.84% (< 0.05) in all ages, and for respiratory diseases: 1.77% (< 0.05) in 19-64 age group, and 0.91% (< 0.05) in all ages. The effects on hospitalizations for respiratory diseases in children and youth under 19 years of age, and for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in the elderly were not statistically significant. The increase of sulphur dioxide level was associated with the increased number of hospitalizations, for both cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in all age groups, but the influence was not statistically significant. Conclusion. Outdoor pollutants concentrations in urban area of Nis were below regulated limit values during most of the investigated period days but it is shown that even such a level of pollution has a significant effect on hospital admissions for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases.

scholarly journals Features of air pollution the cities of the North-Western Black Sea region

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Atmospheric Pollution ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
The North ◽  
Mobile Sources ◽  
The Impact ◽  
North Western

Introduction. According to official statistics, regions of Ukraine are characterized by a significant amount of pollutant emissions from stationary sources. But in many areas the dominant contribution to the formation of general levels of air pollution is made by mobile sources. Such regions include the Odessa, Mykolaiv and Kherson regions of the North-Western Black Sea. Regions of the North-Western Black Sea are characterized by a sufficiently high level of technogenic load and have a high recreational potential. This territory is characterized by unique natural resource potential. However, due to the development of urbanization processes, the impact of industrial, transport and agrarian sectors is worsening the overall environmental situation, including the state of the atmospheric air. Review of previous publications. The work of many authors is devoted to the question of the level of air pollution in the cities of the North-Western Black Sea. Most of the works are complex studies of the level of pollution of the regions of Ukraine as a whole. Some works are devoted to the assessment of the technogenic load on the environment of the regions of Ukraine. An analysis of recent research has shown that the vast majority of work is devoted to the regions of Ukraine as a whole. Also, the list of pollutants and the study period are quite limited. Usually, the content of the main pollutants is analyzed. At the same time, the content of specific pollutants is very important in the regions of the North-Western Black Sea in the formation of high levels of atmospheric pollution. Purpose. The purpose of this work is to evaluate and analyze the level of air pollution of individual cities of the North-Western Black Sea over a multi-year period. The complex atmospheric pollution index, which are currently one of the main indicators of atmospheric air quality, were used for the assessment. Results. The level of air pollution in Odessa is in most cases classified as "heavily polluted", Izmail – the only category "slightly polluted" (maximum concentrations in the air pool are marked by the content of formaldehyde). In Mykolayiv maximum concentrations with significant exceedances of the maximum permissible concentration are also noted for formaldehyde content, and the level of atmospheric air pollution was classified as "poorly polluted" – "contaminated". In Kherson, the highest content was observed for substances such as formaldehyde and nitrogen dioxide. The level of pollution, as in the city of Mykolaiv, was classified as "poorly contaminated" – "contaminated". Conclusions. Odessa, by the content of the vast majority of the pollutants, is in the category of cities with high levels of atmospheric pollution, Mykolaiv, Kherson and Izmail – in the category with the permissible level. The results of the study are the basis for the development of environmental recommendations for reducing the emissions of pollutants into the atmospheric air of the region, primarily from mobile sources.

scholarly journals Analysis of Technogenic Loading on the Air Basins of Individual Industrial and Municipal Aglomerations of Eastern Ukraine (Using Dnipro City as an Example)

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Mobile Sources ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
Stationary Sources ◽  
Statistical Results

Purpose. Estimation of atmospheric air pollution level in the Dnipro city in modern conditions and technogenic loading on the air basin of the Dnipropetrovsk region. Methods. Statistical. Results. Volumes of pollutant emissions from stationary sources are 4 times more than emissions from mobile sources. The maximum values of emissions of pollutants are noted for the enterprises of the processing and extractive industry. The estimation of the level of air pollution in Dnipro city was carried out. An increase in the level of contamination in Dnipro city was indicated during the study period. Substances for which the quality of atmospheric air constantly does not meet the standards include dust, nitrogen dioxide and formaldehyde. The level of atmospheric air pollution can be classified as «polluted» and «highly polluted». The module of technogenic loading on the air basin of the Dnipropetrovsk region and Dnipro city was calculated. The rate of the technogenic loading in Dnipropetrovsk region from stationary sources considerably exceeds the mobile ones. In Dnipro city, the level of technogenic loading from stationary sources is an order of magnitude higher than the corresponding in the region. This indicates a significant level of technogenic loading on the Dnipro city air basin exactly from stationary sources. The volume of pollutant emissions from stationary sources in the region is an order of magnitude higher compared to the same in Dnipro city and the area of the region is two orders of magnitude larger. The reduction of the level of technogenic loading on the air basin of Dnipropetrovsk region as a whole was noted. Conclusion. Dnipropetrovsk region belongs to regions with significant industrial potential. The primary tasks for the improvement of the air basin are the development of measures to reduce emissions from stationary sources, as well as optimization of the monitoring system in order to determine the list of priority pollutants.

Evaluation of clinical efficacy of Derinat® in form of spray in practice of district therapist

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
A. P. Babkin ◽  
A. A. Zuikova ◽  
O. N. Krasnorutskaya ◽  
Yu. A. Kotova ◽  
D. Yu. Bugrimov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Pharmacological Action ◽  
The Body ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Acute Respiratory Diseases ◽  
T Helpers ◽  
T Killers ◽  
Stimulation Of

The widespread worldwide spread of acute respiratory diseases is an urgent problem in health care. Expressed polyetiology of respiratory diseases does not allow to limit the use of specific vaccine preparations and dictates the need to use to combat them a variety of non-specific means that stimulate the natural resistance of the human body. The main pharmacological action of sodium deoxyribonucleate is the stimulation of phagocytic activity of T-helpers and T-killers, increasing the functional activity of neutrophils and monocytes/ macrophages, providing regeneration and repair processes in the epithelial component of antiviral protection of the body. Based on the above, the study of the clinical efficacy of Derinat® in the form of spray in the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections is relevant.

Environmental and Hygienic Assessment of Ambient Air Pollution in Oil-Producing and Oil-Refining Areas of the Republic of Bashkortostan and Population Health Status

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Z.B. Baktybaeva ◽  
R.A. Suleymanov ◽  
T.K. Valeev ◽  
N.R. Rahmatullin ◽  
E.G. Stepanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Disease Rates ◽  
Total Suspended Particles

Introduction. High density of oil-producing and refining facilities in certain areas of Bashkortostan significantly affects the environment including ambient air quality in residential areas. Materials and methods. We analyzed concentrations of airborne toxicants (sulfur and nitrogen oxides, nitrogen and carbon oxides, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, xylenes, toluene, phenol and total suspended particles) and population health status in the cities of Ufa, Sterlitamak, Salavat, Blagoveshchensk, and the Tuymazinsky District in 2007–2016. Pearson's correlation coefficients (r) were used to establish possible relationships between medico-demographic indicators and air pollution. Results. Republican fuel and energy enterprises contributed the most to local air pollution levels. Gross emissions from such enterprises as Bashneft-Ufaneftekhim and Bashneft-Navoil reached 43.69–49.77 thousand tons of pollutants per year. The levels of some air pollutants exceeded their maximum permissible concentrations. Elevated concentrations of ammonia, total suspended particles, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide were registered most frequently. High rates of congenital abnormalities, respiratory diseases in infants (aged 0-1), general mortality and morbidity of the population were observed in some oil-producing and refining areas. The correlation analysis proved the relationship between the concentration of carbon monoxide and general disease rates in adults based on hospital admissions (r = 0.898), general incidence rates in children (r = 0.957), and blood disease rates in infants (r = 0.821). Respiratory diseases in children correlated with nitrogen dioxide emission levels (r = 0.899). Conclusions. Further development of oil-producing, petrochemical and oil-refining industries should be carried out taking into account socio-economic living conditions of the population.

scholarly journals Development of a Line Source Dispersion Model for Gaseous Pollutants by Incorporating Wind Shear near the Ground under Stable Atmospheric Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Saisantosh Vamshi Harsha Madiraju ◽  
Ashok Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Wind Shear ◽  
Dispersion Model ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Gaseous Pollutants ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Mobile Sources ◽  
Input Variables

Transportation sources are a major contributor to air pollution in urban areas. The role of air quality modeling is vital in the formulation of air pollution control and management strategies. Many models have appeared in the literature to estimate near-field ground level concentrations from mobile sources moving on a highway. However, current models do not account explicitly for the effect of wind shear (magnitude) near the ground while computing the ground level concentrations near highways from mobile sources. This study presents an analytical model based on the solution of the convective-diffusion equation by incorporating the wind shear near the ground for gaseous pollutants. The model input includes emission rate, wind speed, wind direction, turbulence, and terrain features. The dispersion coefficients are based on the near field parameterization. The sensitivity of the model to compute ground level concentrations for different inputs is presented for three different downwind distances. In general, the model shows Type III sensitivity (i.e., the errors in the input will show a corresponding change in the computed ground level concentrations) for most of the input variables. However, the model equations should be re-examined for three input variables (wind velocity at the reference height and two variables related to the vertical spread of the plume) to make sure that that the model is valid for computing ground level concentrations.

scholarly journals Highlighting the compound risk of COVID-19 and environmental pollutants using geospatial technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram Kumar Singh ◽  
Martin Drews ◽  
Manuel De la Sen ◽  
Prashant Kumar Srivastava ◽  
Bambang H. Trisasongko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Geospatial Technology ◽  
The World ◽  
Community Transmission ◽  
Global Threat

AbstractThe new COVID-19 coronavirus disease has emerged as a global threat and not just to human health but also the global economy. Due to the pandemic, most countries affected have therefore imposed periods of full or partial lockdowns to restrict community transmission. This has had the welcome but unexpected side effect that existing levels of atmospheric pollutants, particularly in cities, have temporarily declined. As found by several authors, air quality can inherently exacerbate the risks linked to respiratory diseases, including COVID-19. In this study, we explore patterns of air pollution for ten of the most affected countries in the world, in the context of the 2020 development of the COVID-19 pandemic. We find that the concentrations of some of the principal atmospheric pollutants were temporarily reduced during the extensive lockdowns in the spring. Secondly, we show that the seasonality of the atmospheric pollutants is not significantly affected by these temporary changes, indicating that observed variations in COVID-19 conditions are likely to be linked to air quality. On this background, we confirm that air pollution may be a good predictor for the local and national severity of COVID-19 infections.

Investigating the Spread of Coronavirus Disease via Edge-AI and Air Pollution Correlation

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
V. Gomathy ◽  
K. Janarthanan ◽  
Fadi Al-Turjman ◽  
R. Sitharthan ◽  
M. Rajesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Machine Learning Method ◽  
Learning Method ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Using Data

Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) is a highly infectious viral disease affecting millions of people worldwide in 2020. Several studies have shown that COVID-19 results in a severe acute respiratory syndrome and may lead to death. In past research, a greater number of respiratory diseases has been caused by exposure to air pollution for long periods of time. This article investigates the spread of COVID-19 as a result of air pollution by applying linear regression in machine learning method based edge computing. The analysis in this investigation have been based on the death rates caused by COVID-19 as well as the region of death rates based on hazardous air pollution using data retrieved from the Copernicus Sentinel-5P satellite. The results obtained in the investigation prove that the mortality rate due to the spread of COVID-19 is 77% higher in areas with polluted air. This investigation also proves that COVID-19 severely affected 68% of the individuals who had been exposed to polluted air.

scholarly journals Family history of early onset acute lymphoblastic leukemia is suggesting genetic associations

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinjun Li ◽  
Kristina Sundquist ◽  
Jan Sundquist ◽  
Asta Försti ◽  
Kari Hemminki
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Genetic Associations ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Prostate Cancers

AbstractChildhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has an origin in the fetal period which may distinguish it from ALL diagnosed later in life. We wanted to test whether familial risks differ in ALL diagnosed in the very early childhood from ALL diagnosed later. The Swedish nation-wide family-cancer data were used until year 2016 to calculate standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for familial risks in ALL in three diagnostic age-groups: 0–4, 5–34 and 35 + years. Among 1335 ALL patients diagnosed before age 5, familial risks were increased for esophageal (4.78), breast (1.42), prostate (1.40) and connective tissue (2.97) cancers and leukemia (2.51, ALL 7.81). In age-group 5–34 years, rectal (1.73) and endometrial (2.40) cancer, myeloma (2.25) and leukemia (2.00, ALL 4.60) reached statistical significance. In the oldest age-group, the only association was with Hodgkin lymphoma (3.42). Diagnostic ages of family members of ALL patients were significantly lower compared to these cancers in the population for breast, prostate and rectal cancers. The patterns of increased familial cancers suggest that BRCA2 mutations could contribute to associations of ALL with breast and prostate cancers, and mismatch gene PMS2 mutations with rectal and endometrial cancers. Future DNA sequencing data will be a test for these familial predictions.

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