Effect of Temperature and Temperature Uniformity on Plasma and Device Stability

2003 ◽  
Vol 762 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ganguly ◽  
M.S. Bennett ◽  
D.E. Carlson ◽  
R.R. Arya
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Plasma Boundary ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Cathode Potential ◽  
Temperature Uniformity ◽  
Plasma Region ◽  
Deposition Rates ◽  
Device Stability ◽  
Dc Discharge ◽  
The Stability

AbstractWe have investigated the changes in the cathode potential in a dc discharge of silane and hydrogen used to deposit the intrinsic layer of p-i-n type solar cells at deposition rates from 1 to 10Å/s with the superstrate temperature at 200°C and 250°C. Under plasma conditions that lead to higher deposition rates (5-10Å/s), fluctuations of the cathode potential which are suggestive of the formation and de-trapping of particulates in/from the plasma, are observed at 200°C but disappear at 250°C. Improvement of the temperature uniformity over the plasma region from 1.7°C/cm to 0.7°C/cm removes the fluctuations of the cathode potential even at 200°C, indicating that the particulates are formed predominantly at the plasma boundary. Consequently, the stability of solar cells with i-layers deposited at ~10Å/s in the center of the plasma region at the same superstrate temperature improved by 26% suggesting that multiple silicon containing molecules diffuse from the edge to the center of the plasma region.

Recent advances in perovskite solar cells: efficiency, stability and lead-free perovskite

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (23) ◽  
pp. 11462-11482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shida Yang ◽  
Weifei Fu ◽  
Zhongqiang Zhang ◽  
Hongzheng Chen ◽  
Chang-Zhi Li
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
Tandem Solar Cells ◽  
Device Stability ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Stability Issue ◽  
The Stability

In this review, we first highlighted recent progress in high-performance perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) with a discussion of the fabrication methods and PVSCs-based tandem solar cells. Furthermore, the stability issue of PVSCs and strategies to improve material and device stability have been discussed, and finally, a summary of the recent progress in lead-free perovskites has been presented.

The Effect of H2 Dilution on the Stability of a-Si:H based Solar Cells

1994 ◽  
Vol 336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liyou Yang ◽  
Liang-Fan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Substrate Temperature ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Component Model ◽  
Device Stability ◽  
Two Component ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Kinetics Of

ABSTRACTWe have systematically investigated the effect of H2 dilution on the stability of a-Si:H based solar cells. The results clearly show that the device stability against light soaking improves substantially with increasing H2 dilution until a threshold is reached. Beyond this threshold which depends on the substrate temperature, the stability no longer changes with further increase in H2 dilution. On the other hand, at a given ratio of H2 to the reactant gases, the device stability generally improves with increasing substrate temperature. Multi-step light soaking experiments have shown that devices made with H2 dilution saturate much faster (∼100 hours) under one-sun illumination and exhibit little overshoot effect in the recovery process, in sharp contrast to devices made without H2 dilution. Based on the simple two-component model for defect kinetics, these observations and the fact that the apparent saturation time coincides with the time constant of the “fast” defects strongly suggest that negligible amount of “slow” defects exist in materials made with H2 dilution. While H2 dilution generally suppresses the formation of microstructure giving rise to dihydride bonding and microvoids, the differences in the kinetics of light induced degradation cannot always be traced to obvious differences in these structural properties.

Impact of Alkaline Earth Metal Doping on the Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nga Phung ◽  
Hans Köbler ◽  
Diego Di Girolamo ◽  
Thi Tuyen Ngo ◽  
Gabrielle Sousa e Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Earth Metal ◽  
Alkaline Earth Metal ◽  
Metal Doping ◽  
The Stability

Enhancing the Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells by Alkai Metal Doping

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Vildanova ◽  
Anna Nikolskaia ◽  
Sergey Kozlov ◽  
Oleg Shevaleevskiy
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Metal Doping ◽  
The Stability

Applicability of Instability Index for In vitro Protein Stability Prediction

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 339-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilani G. Gamage ◽  
Ajith Gunaratne ◽  
Gopal R. Periyannan ◽  
Timothy G. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Protein Stability ◽  
Caulobacter Crescentus ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Instability Index ◽  
Dipeptide Composition ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Vitro Protein

Background: The dipeptide composition-based Instability Index (II) is one of the protein primary structure-dependent methods available for in vivo protein stability predictions. As per this method, proteins with II value below 40 are stable proteins. Intracellular protein stability principles guided the original development of the II method. However, the use of the II method for in vitro protein stability predictions raises questions about the validity of applying the II method under experimental conditions that are different from the in vivo setting. Objective: The aim of this study is to experimentally test the validity of the use of II as an in vitro protein stability predictor. Methods: A representative protein CCM (CCM - Caulobacter crescentus metalloprotein) that rapidly degrades under in vitro conditions was used to probe the dipeptide sequence-dependent degradation properties of CCM by generating CCM mutants to represent stable and unstable II values. A comparative degradation analysis was carried out under in vitro conditions using wildtype CCM, CCM mutants and two other candidate proteins: metallo-β-lactamase L1 and α -S1- casein representing stable, borderline stable/unstable, and unstable proteins as per the II predictions. The effect of temperature and a protein stabilizing agent on CCM degradation was also tested. Results: Data support the dipeptide composition-dependent protein stability/instability in wt-CCM and mutants as predicted by the II method under in vitro conditions. However, the II failed to accurately represent the stability of other tested proteins. Data indicate the influence of protein environmental factors on the autoproteolysis of proteins. Conclusion: Broader application of the II method for the prediction of protein stability under in vitro conditions is questionable as the stability of the protein may be dependent not only on the intrinsic nature of the protein but also on the conditions of the protein milieu.

The Effects of Chromophore Halogenation on the Stability of UV‐Absorbing Organic Solar Cells

2021 ◽  
pp. 2100225
Author(s):  
Tianran Liu ◽  
Quinn C. Burlingame ◽  
Jeni C. Sorli ◽  
Melissa L. Ball ◽  
Guangming Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Organic Solar Cells ◽  
The Stability

Probing The Transient Response To Improve The Stability Of Diamond Devices Under Pulsed Periodic Excitation

2007 ◽  
Vol 1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Bergonzo ◽  
Hassen Hamrita ◽  
Dominique Tromson ◽  
Caroline Descamps ◽  
Christine Mer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycrystalline Diamond ◽  
Pulse Generation ◽  
Uniform Electric Field ◽  
Device Stability ◽  
Photon Pulse ◽  
History Of ◽  
Medical Dosimetry ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Detection Characteristics ◽  
Time Of Flight Spectroscopy

AbstractCVD diamond combines attractive properties for the fabrication of detection devices operating in specific environments. One problem that remains critical for device stability is the presence of defect levels that alter the detection performances, and the detection characteristics often appear as they are very depending on time, temperature, and history of the preceding irradiations.One issue we have proposed is to adapt one technique that is commonly used for time of flight spectroscopy in order to maintain a uniform electric field in the probed device, and based on the synchronisation of the device bias with the period of the excitation source. This can be applied to several types of detection applications, as long as we can rely on periodical triggering in order to synchronise the device polarisation. We apply it here to a LINAC electron accelerator used for photon pulse generation at the frequency of 25Hz. The result is a remarkable improvement of the performance of a polycrystalline diamond detector that exhibits a particularly defective response when used in the steady state excitation, to reach that of a perfectly stable and reproducible device response in the pulsed mode. We claim this method to be applicable to several types of excitations and particularly to present a high interest for monitoring accelerator sources, e.g. for medical dosimetry applications.

Rationalizing the effect of overstoichiometric PbI2 on the stability of perovskite solar cells in the context of precursor solution formulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 278 ◽  
pp. 116823
Author(s):  
Mayuribala Mangrulkar ◽  
Sergey Yu. Luchkin ◽  
Azat F. Akbulatov ◽  
Ivan Zhidkov ◽  
Ernst Z. Kurmaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Precursor Solution ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Solution Formulation
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