LiMBO3 (M=Fe, Mn): Potential Cathode for Lithium Ion Batteries

2002 ◽  
Vol 730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan L. Allen ◽  
Kang Xu ◽  
Sam S. Zhang ◽  
T. Richard Jow
Keyword(s):  
High Surface ◽  
Electronic Conductivity ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Composite Electrodes ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Manganese Phosphate ◽  
Redox Active ◽  
Active Metal

AbstractRecently discovered borates, LiMBO3 (M=Fe, Mn), share similarities with LiFe(Mn)PO4. They are polyanion structures, contain extractable lithium and suffer from low electronic conductivity. They are attractive to replace expensive, less abundant redox metals in current use in cathodes with environmentally friendly iron or manganese. Phosphate or borate groups adjacent to the redox active metal increase the voltage of the redox couple through an inductive effect. The LiFeBO3 discharge curve shows a pseudo-plateau around 2.6 V for the Fe(II) / Fe(III) couple. This study brings to bear techniques to improve electrode conductivity to produce LiMBO3 composite electrodes thus allowing access to some of the high, theoretical specific capacity. At low current, up to 70 percent of lithium could be extracted from LiFeBO3 that was prepared in the presence of high surface area, highly electrically conductive carbon black. Attempts to improve the cathode properties of LiMnBO3 were less successful.

scholarly journals ZnFe2O4, a Green and High-Capacity Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 11713
Author(s):  
Marcella Bini ◽  
Marco Ambrosetti ◽  
Daniele Spada
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Broad Class ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Electronic Conductivity ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Synthesis Methods

Ferrites, a broad class of ceramic oxides, possess intriguing physico-chemical properties, mainly due to their unique structural features, that, during these last 50–60 years, made them the materials of choice for many different applications. They are, indeed, applied as inductors, high-frequency materials, for electric field suppression, as catalysts and sensors, in nanomedicine for magneto-fluid hyperthermia and magnetic resonance imaging, and, more recently, in electrochemistry. In particular, ZnFe2O4 and its solid solutions are drawing scientists’ attention for the application as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The main reasons are found in the low cost, abundance, and environmental friendliness of both Zn and Fe precursors, high surface-to-volume ratio, relatively short path for Li-ion diffusion, low working voltage of about 1.5 V for lithium extraction, and the high theoretical specific capacity (1072 mA h g−1). However, some drawbacks are represented by fast capacity fading and poor rate capability, resulting from a low electronic conductivity, severe agglomeration, and large volume change during lithiation/delithiation processes. In this review, the main synthesis methods of spinels will be briefly discussed before presenting the most recent and promising electrochemical results on ZnFe2O4 obtained with peculiar morphologies/architectures or as composites, which represent the focus of this review.

Co3S4 Nanosheets on Carbon Cloth as Free-Standing Anode with Improved Pseudocapacitive Storage for High-Performance Li-Ion Batteries

NANO ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 2150007
Author(s):  
Jinglong Li ◽  
Xia Wang ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
Hongsen Li ◽  
Jie Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Carbon Cloth ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Storage Behavior

Rationally engineered anode materials with high specific capacities and rate capability are essential for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In this paper, a free-standing anode composed of Co3S4 nanosheets arrays and carbon cloth (abbreviated Co3S4@CC) was fabricated for high performance LIBs. The three-dimensional (3D) porous carbon cloth could not only improve the conductivity but also boost Li[Formula: see text] transfer and increase contact area for reactions. Besides, the porous thin Co3S4 nanosheets possessing strong interaction with carbon cloth by formation of C–S bond and high surface area could facilitate the mitigation of volume expansion and reduction of Li[Formula: see text] diffusion distance, coupling with efficient contact with electrolytes during cycling process. As expected, the freestanding Co3S4@CC anode presents pseudocapacitance-dominated storage behavior with a very high specific capacity of 847[Formula: see text]mAh g[Formula: see text] at 250[Formula: see text]mA g[Formula: see text] after 100 cycles and good rate capability for LIBs. This work provides an approach for designing metal sulfides with high capacities and rate capability for LIBs, especially flexible LIBs.

scholarly journals PEDOT-Coated Red Phosphorus Nanosphere Anodes for Pseudocapacitive Potassium-Ion Storage

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1732
Author(s):  
Dan Zhao ◽  
Qian Zhao ◽  
Zhenyu Wang ◽  
Lan Feng ◽  
Jinying Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Engineering ◽  
Electronic Conductivity ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Potassium Ion ◽  
Red Phosphorus ◽  
Fast Charging ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
High Theoretical Capacity

Potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) have come up as a potential alternative to lithium-ion batteries due to abundant potassium storage in the crust. Red phosphorus is a promising anode material for KIBs with abundant resources and high theoretical capacity. Nevertheless, large volume expansion, low electronic conductivity, and limited K+ charging speed in red phosphorus upon cycling have severely hindered the development of red phosphorus-based anodes. To obtain improved conductivity and structural stability, surface engineering of red phosphorus is required. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)-coated red phosphorus nanospheres (RPNP@PEDOT) with an average diameter of 60 nm were synthesized via a facile solution-phase approach. PEDOT can relieve the volume change of red phosphorus and promote electron/ion transportation during charge−discharge cycles, which is partially corroborated by our DFT calculations. A specific capacity of 402 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 after 40 cycles, and a specific capacity of 302 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 after 275 cycles, were achieved by RPNP@PEDOT anode with a high pseudocapacitive contribution of 62%. The surface–interface engineering for the organic–inorganic composite of RPNP@PEDOT provides a novel perspective for broad applications of red phosphorus-based KIBs in fast charging occasions.

Constructing zigzag-like hollow mesoporous nanospheres MoO2/C with superior lithium storage performance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wencai Zhao ◽  
Y.F. Yuan ◽  
S.M. Yin ◽  
Gaoshen Cai ◽  
S.Y. Guo
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Discharge Capacity ◽  
Amorphous Carbon ◽  
Electronic Conductivity ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Structure Stability ◽  
Lithium Storage

Abstract Hollow mesoporous nanospheres MoO2/C are successfully constructed through metal chelating reaction between molybdenum acetylacetone and glycerol as well as the Kirkendall effect induced by diammonium hydrogen phosphate. MoO2 nanoparticles coupled by amorphous carbon are assembled to unique zigzag-like hollow mesoporous nanosphere with large specific surface area of 147.7 m2 g-1 and main pore size of 8.7 nm. The content of carbon is 9.1%. As anode material for lithium-ion batteries, the composite shows high specific capacity and excellent cycling performance. At 0.2 A g-1, average discharge capacity stabilizes at 1092 mAh g-1. At 1 A g-1 after 700 cycles, the discharge capacity still reaches 512 mAh g-1. Impressively, the composite preserves intact after 700 cycles. Even at 5 A g-1, the discharge capacity can reach 321 mAh g-1, exhibiting superior rate capability. Various kinetics analyses demonstrate that in electrochemical reaction, the proportion of the surface capacitive effect is higher, and the composite has relatively high diffusion coefficient of Li ions and fast faradic reaction kinetics. Excellent lithium storge performance is attributed to the synergistic effect of zigzag-like hollow mesoporous nanosphere and amorphous carbon, which improves reaction kinetics, structure stability and electronic conductivity of MoO2. The present work provides a new useful structure design strategy for advanced energy storage application of MoO2.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Hierarchical Graphene-MnO2 Nanowire Composites with Enhanced Specific Capacitance

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1709-1718
Author(s):  
T. Veldevi ◽  
K. Thileep Kumar ◽  
R.A. Kalaivani ◽  
S. Raghu ◽  
A.M. Shanmugharaj
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Sulfate Solution ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Structure Morphology

Hierarchical nanostructured graphene–manganese dioxide nanowire (G-MnO2-NW) composites have been prepared by hydrothermal synthesis route using water/1-decanol as the medium. Synthesized materials were analyzed using various characterization tools to corroborate their chemical compositions, structure/morphology and surface area. Electrochemical measurements of the synthesized G-MnO2-NW electrode materials delivered the highest specific capacity (255 Fg-1), high rate capability and improved cycling stability at 0.5 Ag–1 in 1M sodium sulfate solution and this fact may be attributed to its high surface area and porosity. Moreover, synthesized G-MnO2-NW electrodes displayed better energy and power density, when compared to the MnO2-NW based electrodes.

scholarly journals Tailoring of Aqueous-Based Carbon Nanotube–Nanocellulose Films as Self-Standing Flexible Anodes for Lithium-Ion Storage

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoang Kha Nguyen ◽  
Jaehan Bae ◽  
Jaehyun Hur ◽  
Sang Joon Park ◽  
Min Sang Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Reversible Capacity ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Voltage Profile

An easy and environmentally friendly method was developed for the preparation of a stabilized carbon nanotube–crystalline nanocellulose (CNT–CNC) dispersion and for its deposition to generate self-standing CNT–CNC composite films. The composite films were carbonized at different temperatures of 70 °C, 800 °C, and 1300 °C. Structural and morphological characteristics of the CNT–CNC films were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which revealed that the sample annealed at 800 °C (CNT–CNC800) formed nano-tree networks of CNTs with a high surface area (1180 m2·g−1) and generated a conductive CNC matrix due to the effective carbonization. The carbonized composite films were applied as anodes for lithium-ion batteries, and the battery performance was evaluated in terms of initial voltage profile, cyclic voltammetry, capacity, cycling stability, and current rate efficiency. Among them, the CNT–CNC800 anode exhibited impressive electrochemical performance by showing a reversible capacity of 443 mAh·g−1 at a current density of 232 mA·g−1 after 120 cycles with the capacity retention of 89% and high rate capability.

scholarly journals Facile One-Step Hydrothermal Synthesis of the rGO@Ni3V2O8 Interconnected Hollow Microspheres Composite for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2389
Author(s):  
Faizan Ghani ◽  
In Wook Nah ◽  
Hyung-Seok Kim ◽  
JongChoo Lim ◽  
Afifa Marium ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Synthesis ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Electronic Conductivity ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Hollow Microspheres ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Layered Crystal ◽  
One Step

Low-cost, vanadium-based mixed metal oxides mostly have a layered crystal structure with excellent kinetics for lithium-ion batteries, providing high energy density. The existence of multiple oxidation states and the coordination chemistry of vanadium require cost-effective, robust techniques to synthesize the scaling up of their morphology and surface properties. Hydrothermal synthesis is one of the most suitable techniques to achieve pure phase and multiple morphologies under various conditions of temperature and pressure. We attained a simple one-step hydrothermal approach to synthesize the reduced graphene oxide coated Nickel Vanadate (rGO@Ni3V2O8) composite with interconnected hollow microspheres. The self-assembly route produced microspheres, which were interconnected under hydrothermal treatment. Cyclic performance determined the initial discharge/charge capacities of 1209.76/839.85 mAh g−1 at the current density of 200 mA g−1 with a columbic efficiency of 69.42%, which improved to 99.64% after 100 cycles. High electrochemical performance was observed due to high surface area, the porous nature of the interconnected hollow microspheres, and rGO induction. These properties increased the contact area between electrode and electrolyte, the active surface of the electrodes, and enhanced electrolyte penetration, which improved Li-ion diffusivity and electronic conductivity.

scholarly journals Nanohollow Carbon for Rechargeable Batteries: Ongoing Progresses and Challenges

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangmin Jiang ◽  
Guangdi Nie ◽  
Ping Nie ◽  
Zhiwei Li ◽  
Zhenghui Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Performance ◽  
Carbon Nanostructures ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Rechargeable Batteries

AbstractAmong the various morphologies of carbon-based materials, hollow carbon nanostructures are of particular interest for energy storage. They have been widely investigated as electrode materials in different types of rechargeable batteries, owing to their high surface areas in association with the high surface-to-volume ratios, controllable pores and pore size distribution, high electrical conductivity, and excellent chemical and mechanical stability, which are beneficial for providing active sites, accelerating electrons/ions transfer, interacting with electrolytes, and giving rise to high specific capacity, rate capability, cycling ability, and overall electrochemical performance. In this overview, we look into the ongoing progresses that are being made with the nanohollow carbon materials, including nanospheres, nanopolyhedrons, and nanofibers, in relation to their applications in the main types of rechargeable batteries. The design and synthesis strategies for them and their electrochemical performance in rechargeable batteries, including lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, potassium-ion batteries, and lithium–sulfur batteries are comprehensively reviewed and discussed, together with the challenges being faced and perspectives for them.

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