Radiation Effects in Nuclear Waste Glasses

1981 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Denatale ◽  
D. K. Mcelfresh ◽  
D. G. Howitt
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Nuclear Waste ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Bubble Formation ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Phase Decomposition ◽  
Saturated Water ◽  
Oxygen Bubble ◽  
Nuclear Waste Glass

ABSTRACTThe radiation damage of a nuclear waste glass is shown to be associated with enhanced phase decomposition, oxygen bubble formation, and, when the glass is exposed to air saturated water, enhanced leaching.

Mechanism for radiation damage in borosilicate glasses

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 1128-1129
Author(s):  
S.D. Dascomb ◽  
D.G. Howitt
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Bubble Formation ◽  
Borosilicate Glasses ◽  
Phase Decomposition ◽  
Damage Rate ◽  
Oxygen Bubble ◽  
Gamma Irradiated

Oxygen bubble formation has been observed in sodasilicate glasses during irradiation. Although the irradiation always produces a consistent microstructure of oxygen microbubbles and an amorphous phase decomposition, there is a substantial difference between the rate at which the damage occurs. When a sample has been previously gamma irradiated, the damage occurs at much greater rates when compared to in situ irradiation in the electron microscope. It has been suggested that it is not the radiation damage rate that is responsible for this behavior but rather the presence of an electric fieldFigure 1 illustrates the microstructure found in a sodasilicate glasses showing the characteristic bubble formation on the perimeter of the area illuminated by the beam and the phase separation within the interior.

Direct observations of radiation-enhanced transformations in glass

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 354-355
Author(s):  
J. F. DeNatale ◽  
D. G. Howitt
Keyword(s):  
Glass Matrix ◽  
Diffusion Mechanism ◽  
Bubble Formation ◽  
Silicate Glasses ◽  
Phase Decomposition ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Thin Foils ◽  
Oxygen Bubble ◽  
Electron Energy Loss ◽  
Kinetics Of

The electron irradiation of silicate glasses containing metal cations produces various types of phase separation and decomposition which includes oxygen bubble formation at intermediate temperatures figure I. The kinetics of bubble formation are too rapid to be accounted for by oxygen diffusion but the behavior is consistent with a cation diffusion mechanism if the amount of oxygen in the bubble is not significantly different from that in the same volume of silicate glass. The formation of oxygen bubbles is often accompanied by precipitation of crystalline phases and/or amorphous phase decomposition in the regions between the bubbles and the detection of differences in oxygen concentration between the bubble and matrix by electron energy loss spectroscopy cannot be discerned (figure 2) even when the bubble occupies the majority of the foil depth.The oxygen bubbles are stable, even in the thin foils, months after irradiation and if van der Waals behavior of the interior gas is assumed an oxygen pressure of about 4000 atmospheres must be sustained for a 100 bubble if the surface tension with the glass matrix is to balance against it at intermediate temperatures.

Infrared Spectroscopy Structural Analysis of Corroded Nuclear Waste Glass K-26

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Stefanovsky ◽  
Alexander Barinov ◽  
Galina Varlakova ◽  
Irene Startseva ◽  
Michael I. Ojovan
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Nuclear Waste ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Nuclear Waste Glass

scholarly journals History of Nuclear Waste Glass in France

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Étienne Vernaz ◽  
Jérôme Bruezière
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Waste ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Nuclear Waste Glass ◽  
History Of

Hydrotalcite Formed by Alteration of R7T7 Nuclear Waste Glass and Basaltic Glass in Salt Brine at 190°C

1993 ◽  
Vol 333 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Abdelouas ◽  
J. L. Crovisier ◽  
W. Lutze ◽  
R. Müller ◽  
W. Bernotat
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Waste ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Aluminium Content ◽  
Basaltic Glass ◽  
Alteration Product ◽  
Nuclear Waste Glass ◽  
Salt Brine ◽  
High Aluminium ◽  
Early Alteration

ABSTRACTThe R7T7 and synthetic basaltic glasses were submitted to corrosion in a saline MgCl2dominated solution at 190°C. For both glasses, the early alteration product is a hydrotalcite-like compound in which HPO42-, SO4-2and Cl-substitutes to CO32. The measured d003spacing is 7.68 Å for the hydrotalcite formed from R7T7 glass and 7.62 Å for the hydrotalcite formed from basaltic glass which reflect the high aluminium content. Chemical microanalyses show that the hydrotalcite is subsequently covered by a silica-rich gel which evolves into saponite after few months.

scholarly journals Does Fully Radioactive Glass Behave Differently than Simulated Waste Glass?

1992 ◽  
Vol 294 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Feng ◽  
J. K. Bates ◽  
C. R. Bradley ◽  
E. C. Buck
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Field ◽  
Nuclear Waste ◽  
Potassium Feldspar ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Static Tests ◽  
Leach Rate ◽  
Nuclear Waste Glass ◽  
Surface Alteration ◽  
Leach Behavior

ABSTRACTStatic tests at SA/V (ratio of surface area of glass to solution volume) 20,000 m−1 on SRL 200 glass compositions show that, at long test periods, the simulated nuclear waste glass (nonradioactive) leaches faster than the corresponding radioactive glass by a factor of about 40, although comparative tests, done through 560 days, at lower SA/V, 2000 m−1, indicate little difference in the leach behavior of the two types of glasses. The similarity in leach behavior between radioactive and simulated glasses at SAN of 2000 m−1 or lower is also observed for SRL 165/42 and 131/11 compositions. The accelerated glass reaction with the simulated glass 200S is associated with the formation of crystalline phases such as clinoptilolite (or potassium feldspar), and a pH excursion. The radiation field generated by the fully radioactive glass reduces the solution pH. This lower pH, in turn, may retard the onset of increased reaction rate. The radiation field generated by the radioactive glasses does not directly affect the stability of the glass surface alteration layer under those conditions where the radioactive and simulated glasses react at the same rate. These results suggest that the fully radioactive nuclear waste glass 200R may maintain a much lower leach rate than the simulated 200S, if the lower pH in the 200R leachate can be sustained. Meaningful comparison tests between radioactive and simulated nuclear waste glasses should include long-term and high SA/V tests.

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