Optical Limiting with Lithium Niobate

1999 ◽  
Vol 597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Cook ◽  
David C. Jones ◽  
Craig J. Finnan ◽  
Lesley L. Taylor ◽  
Tony W. Vere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Niobate ◽  
Diffusion Theory ◽  
Photovoltaic Effect ◽  
Optical Gain ◽  
Optical Limiting ◽  
Dark Conductivity ◽  
Simple Diffusion ◽  
Beam Coupling ◽  
Coupling Equations ◽  
Focusing Lens

AbstractIron doped lithium niobate (Fe:LiNbO3) in a simple focal plane geometry has demonstrated efficient optical limiting through two-beam coupling. The performance is largely independent of the total Fe concentration and the oxidation state of the Fe ions, providing the linear optical transmission of uncoated crystals is between 30% and 60%. Fe has been found to be the best dopant for LiNbO3, giving the widest spectral coverage and the greatest optical limiting. Optical limiting in Fe:LiNbO3 has been shown to be very much greater than predicted by simple diffusion theory. The reason for this is a higher optical gain than expected. It is suggested that this may be due to an enhancement of the space-charge field arising from the photovoltaic effect. The standard two-beam coupling equations have been modified to include the effects of the dark conductivity. This has produced a theoretical intensity dependence on the ΔOD which closely follows the behaviour observed in the laboratory. A further modification to the theory has also shown that the focusing lens f-number greatly affects the optical limiting characteristics of Fe:LiNbO3. A lens f-number of approximately 20 gives the best results.

Hologram writing in lithium niobate: Beam coupling and the transport length in the bulk photovoltaic effect

1979 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 4201-4207 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Young ◽  
M. G. Moharam ◽  
F. El Guibaly ◽  
E. Lun
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Niobate ◽  
Photovoltaic Effect ◽  
Transport Length ◽  
Beam Coupling

scholarly journals Optofluidic Platform Based on Liquid Crystals in X-Cut Lithium Niobate: Thresholdless All-Optical Response

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 908
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Ciciulla ◽  
Annamaria Zaltron ◽  
Riccardo Zamboni ◽  
Cinzia Sada ◽  
Francesco Simoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Lithium Niobate ◽  
Photovoltaic Effect ◽  
Optical Control ◽  
Crystal Layer ◽  
Liquid Crystal Layer ◽  
Threshold Behaviour ◽  
All Optical

In this study, we present a new configuration of the recently reported optofluidic platform exploiting liquid crystals reorientation in lithium niobate channels. In order to avoid the threshold behaviour observed in the optical control of the device, we propose microchannels realized in a x-cut crystal closed by a z-cut crystal on the top. In this way, the light-induced photovoltaic field is not uniform inside the liquid crystal layer and therefore the conditions for a thresholdless reorientation are realized. We performed simulations of the photovoltaic effect based on the well assessed model for Lithium Niobate, showing that not uniform orientation and value of the field should be expected inside the microchannel. In agreement with the re-orientational properties of nematic liquid crystals, experimental data confirm the expected thresholdless behaviour. The observed liquid crystal response exhibits two different regimes and the response time shows an unusual dependence on light intensity, both features indicating the presence of additional photo-induced fields appearing above a light intensity of 107 W/m2.

Photovoltaic effect in a periodically poled lithium niobate Solc-type wavelength filter

2006 ◽  
Vol 88 (12) ◽  
pp. 121118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijun Chen ◽  
Jianhong Shi ◽  
Xianfeng Chen ◽  
Yuxing Xia
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Niobate ◽  
Photovoltaic Effect ◽  
Periodically Poled ◽  
Periodically Poled Lithium Niobate ◽  
Wavelength Filter

High optical gain using counterpropagating beams in iron and terbium-doped photorefractive lithium niobate

1999 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 911-916 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Cook ◽  
C.J. Finnan ◽  
D.C. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Niobate ◽  
Optical Gain

Photovoltaic Effect with the Structural Control and its Application to the Optical Sensor

2006 ◽  
Vol 320 ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
Masaaki Ichiki ◽  
Harumi Furue ◽  
Takeshi Kobayashi ◽  
Yasushi Morikawa ◽  
Kazuhiro Nonaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Sensor ◽  
Structural Control ◽  
Photovoltaic Effect ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Dark Conductivity ◽  
Lead Lanthanum Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Lanthanum Zirconate ◽  
Micro Electro Mechanical Systems ◽  
Oriented Films ◽  
Metalorganic Deposition

Photovoltaic lead lanthanum zirconate titanate films in a layered structure of different crystallographic orientations are fabricated by an optimized metalorganic deposition method. Such films of (001) orientation exhibit a photovoltaic electrical power of approximately 20 times higher than that of random films. The anisotropic optical properties of the oriented films, including dark conductivity, photoconductivity and photovoltaic tensor surfaces, are obtained quantitatively. These results show that the photovoltaic output current and power of the oriented films are highly improved to be equal to those of semiconductors and suitable for application in the optical sensor of micro-electro-mechanical systems.

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