Particle Coarsening of Dispersoids In Rapidly Solidified Ti-5Sn-3Y

1985 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.Z. Lu ◽  
B.C. Giessen ◽  
S.H. Whang
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Growth Kinetics ◽  
Diffusion Rate ◽  
Earth Metal ◽  
Ti Alloys ◽  
Rapidly Solidified ◽  
Determining Factor

ABSTRACTRapidly solidified Ti alloys containing rare earth metal dispersoids, such as La or Er, have excellent resistance to coarsening at elevated temperature (700–900°C). In particular, the coarsening of the dispersoid particles in RSP Ti-5Sn-3Y was studied; these particles were found to be Y5Sn3. The measured growth kinetics were found to be compatible with the modified LSW model; it was concluded from the observed parameters that in this alloy the diffusion rate of Y is the rate determining factor, providing a measurement of the diffusion coefficient of Y in a Ti matrix and yielding its activation energy Q = 272 kJ/mole.

Viscosity Of Molten Rare Earth Metal Trichlorides I. Cecl3, Ndcl3, Smcl3, Dycl3 And Ercl3

2003 ◽  
Vol 58 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 457-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Potapov ◽  
V. Khokhlov ◽  
Y. Satoa
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Viscous Flow ◽  
Rare Earth Metal ◽  
Dynamic Viscosity ◽  
Kinematic Viscosity ◽  
Arrhenius Equation ◽  
Earth Metal ◽  
Capillary Viscometer ◽  
Density Data

The kinematic viscosity of molten CeCl3, NdCl3, SmCl3, DyCl3 and ErCl3 has been measured by using a capillary viscometer. The dynamic viscosity was computed by using density data taken from the literature. The viscosity increases with going from CeCl3 to ErCl3. The activation energy of the viscous flow, calculated by the Arrhenius equation, rises in the same order.

Rapidly Solidified Ti Alloys Containing Metalloids and Rare Earth Metals— Their Microstructure and Mechanical Properties

1983 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.S. Chi ◽  
S.H. Whang
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Age Hardening ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Precipitation Reaction ◽  
Strength Increase ◽  
Ti Alloys ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rapidly Solidified

ABSTRACTRapidly solidified (RS) Ti alloys containing novel additives were prepared by splat quenching and melt spinning techniques. Microstructures of the as-quenched and heat-treated alloys were studied by electron microscopies. The results show that microstructural refinement and precipitation reaction are universal phenomena in all RS Ti alloys. A significant difference in second phase coarsening was observed between metalloid-origin precipitates and those of rare earth-origin. The precipitates in a Ti-Al-La(Ce) were identified predominantly as rare earth-Al compounds. Exce llent stability for rare earth-origin precipitates was found.Except for a carbon-containing alloy (700 ° C), age hardening behavior is a universal phenomenon in all RS Ti alloys with additives. A significant strength increase (hardness) in the RS alloy was noted at both room and elevated temperatures.

scholarly journals The Kinetic Aspects of the Dissolution of Slightly Soluble Lanthanoid Carbonates

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1793
Author(s):  
‪Tatiana Litvinova ◽  
Ruslan Kashurin ◽  
Ivan Zhadovskiy ◽  
Stepan Gerasev
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Earth Metal ◽  
Dissolution Process ◽  
Complexing Agent ◽  
System Temperature ◽  
Reaction Orders ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials ◽  
Degree Of Extraction

The problem of the complex use of mineral raw materials is significant in the context of many industries. In the rare earth industry, in the context of limited traditional domestic reserves and dependence on imports of lanthanides, an unambiguous and comprehensive solution has not yet been developed. Promising areas include the involvement of technogenic raw materials in the industrial turnover. The present study examines the kinetics of the dissolution process of poorly soluble lanthanide compounds when changing the parameters of the system. The results obtained reflect the dependence of the degree of extraction of lanthanide on the following variable parameters of the system: temperature, concentration of the complexing agent, and intensity of mixing. On the basis of the experiment, the values of the activation energy and the reaction orders were calculated. The activation energy of the carbonate dissolution process, in kJ/mol, was as follows: 61.6 for cerium, 39.9 for neodymium, 45.4 for ytterbium. The apparent reaction orders of the carbonates are equal to one. The prospect of using the research results lies in the potential to create a mathematical model of the process of extracting a rare earth metal by the carbonate alkaline method.

Oxide Dispersions in Rapidly Solidified Ti Alloys

1983 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.G. Konitzer ◽  
R. Kirchheim ◽  
H.L. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Oxide ◽  
Rapid Solidification Processing ◽  
Laser Surface ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Solidification Processing ◽  
Ti Alloys ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Rapidly Solidified

ABSTRACTTechniques of rapid solidification processing were used to refine a dispersion of rare earth oxides in Ti. The dispersion was produced by laser surface melting and subsequent heat treatment of a Ti-Er alloy. The second phase was identified as the rare earth oxide. The stability of the dispersion was investigated analytically and experimentally and the correlation between the analysis and experiments was shown to be very good.

scholarly journals Influence of Iron on the Size and Distribution of Metallic Lanthanum Particles in Free-Machining Titanium Alloys Ti 6Al 7Nb xFe 0.9La

2013 ◽  
Vol 765 ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Brunke ◽  
Eike Meyer-Kornblum ◽  
Carsten Siemers
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Particle Distribution ◽  
Earth Metal ◽  
Homogeneous Particle ◽  
Micrometer Size

The addition of the rare earth metal Lanthanum to (α+β)-Titanium alloys like Ti 6Al 4V or Ti 6Al 7Nb improves their machinability as short chips form during machining. In related alloys, metallic Lanthanum is distributed as micrometer-size particles which are mainly located at the grain boundaries. In case Iron is present in Lanthanum containing (α+β)-Titanium alloys, a more homogeneous particle distribution is observed leading to improved ductility at room temperature and elevated temperature compared to Iron-free alloys. In the present study, the influence of Iron on the Lanthanum particle size and distribution was investigated in the system Ti 6Al 7Nb xFe 0.9La. First, the solidification behaviour was simulated. Afterwards, alloys with different amounts of Iron (0.25 %, 0.5 % and 1.0 %) were produced. The microstructure of these alloys as well as their deformability and mechanical properties at room temperature were analyzed which were improved compared to the Iron-free Ti 6Al 7Nb 0.9La and Ti 6Al 4V 0.9La alloys.

Kinetics of interfacial reaction between borosilicate glass and sapphire substrate

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 2514-2520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jau-Ho Jean ◽  
Tapan K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Growth Kinetics ◽  
Sapphire Substrate ◽  
Reaction Layer ◽  
Borosilicate Glass ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Aluminum Ion ◽  
Kinetics Of

Reaction kinetics between borosilicate glass (BSG) and sapphire has been studied at temperatures from 850 °C to 950 °C. Microstructural and chemical analyses show that the nonporous interdiffusion layer is formed with Al+3 ion dissolving from sapphire and K+ diffusing from BSG onto the interface of sapphire/BSG, and that both ions are always coupled together in the reaction layer. The interdiffusion layer moves toward BSG with time and the reaction starts immediately at temperatures investigated without incubation period. The growth kinetics for the interdiffusion layer follows a parabolic rate law in the temperature range investigated, and shows an apparent activation energy in the range of 176 k–/mol. The diffusion coefficient of aluminum ion is determined from EDX analysis, and the values range from 0.7–1.4 × 10−12 at 850 °C to 3.0–6.0 × 10−12 cm2/s at 950 °C. The above results also show an activation energy close to that determined from the parabolic growth rate constants, suggesting that the mass-transport kinetics of aluminum ion from sapphire into the interdiffusion layer controls the formation process.

Zinc Diffusion Rates and Profiles in AlGaAs Alloys

1991 ◽  
Vol 240 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. T. J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Zinc Concentration ◽  
Diffusion Rate ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Concentration Profiles ◽  
Diffusion Front ◽  
Activation Energy For Diffusion ◽  
Zinc Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Rates

ABSTRACTThe diffusion rate of Zn in AlxGa1−xAs alloys has been determined, for values of x up to 1.0, as a function of temperature. At 625°C the diffusion coefficient shows a strong dependence on x, reaching a maximum at about 65% Al. A similar rapid increase in diffusion coefficient with x is seen at 700°C. The zinc concentration profiles are similar for all values of x, showing a very abrupt diffusion front. The activation energy for diffusion decreases with increasing x.

Phase selectivity and tunable photophysical nature of rare earth metal–organic frameworks of EuxY1−x-PTC (H3PTC = 2,4,6-pyridine tricarboxylic acid; x = 0–1)

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (42) ◽  
pp. 14985-14994
Author(s):  
Xu-Sheng Gao ◽  
Mei-Juan Ding ◽  
Jin Zhang ◽  
Li-Duo Zhao ◽  
Xiao-Ming Ren
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Solid Solutions ◽  
Rare Earth Metal ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Earth Metal ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid ◽  
Excitation Wavelength ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Phase Selectivity

All solid solutions (EuxY1−x-PTC, x = 0.013–0.82) are isomorphic to Eu-PTC, but different from Y-PTC, and show phase selectivity as well as excitation wavelength dependent emission.

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