Formation and Stability of NI(PT) Silicide on (100)SI and (111)SI

1999 ◽  
Vol 564 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Mangelinck ◽  
J. Y. Dai ◽  
S. K. Lahiri ◽  
C. S. Ho ◽  
T. Osipowicz
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Rutherford Back Scattering ◽  
Kinetics And Thermodynamics ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Back Scattering ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractThe effect of a small amount of Pt (5 at.%) on the thermal stability of NiSi film on (100)Si and (111 )Si has been investigated. Rutherford back scattering, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and X-ray diffraction have been used to study the formation, microstructure and orientation of the silicide. The addition of platinum results in increasing the disilicide nucleation temperature to 900°C and thus leads to a better stability of NiSi at high IC processing temperatures. The presence of Pt also induced a texture of the NiSi film both on (11 1)Si and (100)Si. The increase in thermal stability is explained in terms of nucleation controlled reaction concept and should open new possibilities for the use of NiSi in self aligned silicidation. The redistribution of Pt in the silicide is examined and explained in terms of kinetics and thermodynamics considerations. The addition of Pt also increases the temperature of agglomeration of NiSi.

Characterization of PET-Silver Nanocomposite Filaments

2018 ◽  
Vol 930 ◽  
pp. 224-229
Author(s):  
Marcos Antônio Guerra ◽  
Jeferson Prado Swerts ◽  
Mei Abe Funcia ◽  
Neide Aparecida Mariano ◽  
Maria Gabriela Nogueira Campos
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Addition Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Silver Nanocomposite ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Scanning Electron

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber is a very versatile fiber that can be produced with different properties, such as antimicrobial activity. This study aims to synthesize antimicrobial PET filaments incorporated with silver nanoparticles immobilized in silica (NPAg-Si) by bulk additive method. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) characterized the obtained filaments at concentrations (w/w) of 0.008%, 0.016%, 0.032%, 0.047% and 0.063% NPAg-Si, in order to identify the nanoparticles and analyze their dispersion in the polymeric matrix. Moreover, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was carry out to confirm the presence and concentration of the silver nanoparticles in the filaments as well as the thermal stability of the nanocomposites. The bulk addition method was efficient to produce PET-Silver filaments with silver nanoparticles homogeneously dispersed in the PET matrix.

Synthesis and Thermal Stability of Nontransformable Tetragonal (ZrO2)0.96(REO1.5)0.04 (Re=Sc3+, Y3+) Nanocrystals

2013 ◽  
Vol 334-335 ◽  
pp. 60-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Loghman-Estark ◽  
Reza Shoja Razavi ◽  
Hossein Edris
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
20 Nm ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Scanning Electron

Scandia, yttria doped zirconia ((ZrO2)0.96(REO1.5)0.04(RE=Sc3+, Y3+)) nanoparticles were prepared by the modified sol-gel method. The microstructure of the products was characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy. Thermal stabillity of SYSZ nanocrystals were also investigated. The SYSZ nanocrystals synthesized with EGM:Zr+4mole ratio 4:1, calcined at 700°C, have average diameter of ~20 nm.

scholarly journals Influence of Strong Acid Hydrolysis Processing on the Thermal Stability and Crystallinity of Cellulose Isolated from Wheat Straw

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chemar J. Huntley ◽  
Kristy D. Crews ◽  
Mohamed A. Abdalla ◽  
Albert E. Russell ◽  
Michael L. Curry
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

Cellulose extractions from wheat straw via hydrochloric, nitric, and sulfuric acid hydrolysis methods were carried out. X-ray diffraction spectral analyses reveal that depending on the acid conditions used the structure of the cellulose exhibited a mixture of polymorphs (i.e., CI and CIII cellulose phases). In addition, the percent crystallinity, diameter, and length of the cellulose fibers varied tremendously as determined by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Thermal gravimetric analysis measurements revealed that the thermal stability of the extracted cellulose varied as a function of the acid strength and conditions used. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that the aggregation of cellulose fibers during the drying process is strongly dependent upon the drying process and strength of the acids used.

Investigation of Biocomposites Containing Glycerol-Plasticized Soy Protein and Kaolin

2011 ◽  
Vol 287-290 ◽  
pp. 1712-1717
Author(s):  
Hua Feng Tian ◽  
Guo Zhi Xu ◽  
Biao Yang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Soy Protein ◽  
Original Structure ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Protein Matrix ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

A series of soy protein/kaolin nanocomposites have been successfully prepared via solution mixing and then extrusion. The structure and the properties of the nanocomposite plastics were characterized by wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), water uptake as well as mechanical testing. WAXD revealed that the nano-sized kaolin filler in soy protein matrix retained the original structure as the pristine kaolin. In view of the results of SEM, kaolin distributed in the protein matrix homogeneously and exhibited fine adhesion with soy protein. The incorporation of kaolin into glycerol-plasticized soy protein led to great improvements of mechanical and water resistant properties. The thermal stability was also enhanced by the incorporation of kaolin as revealed by TGA characterization.

Particularities of Structure and Stability of Cationic-Ordered Layered Titanates

2011 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 190-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Zvereva ◽  
Anna Sankovich ◽  
Alexander Missyul
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thermal Annealing ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Stable Temperature ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Scanning Electron

Thermal stability of the layered titanates NdMTiO4 and Nd2M2Ti3O10 (M=Na, K) featured with 1 or 3 perovskite layers has been investigated in thermal annealing at 780 – 1400°С. Their structure variations are monitored using thermal analysis (TGA, DTA), X-ray powder diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Judging from the decomposition sequence and the stable temperature range for individual phase, the structure of Nd2M2Ti3O10 with three perovskite layers is identified most stable among these layer titanates. As a whole, the K-containing phases are less stable than the Na-containing ones.

Structure and Thermal Stability of Sugarcane Bagasse Cellulose Regenerated from Dialkylphosphate Ionic Liquids

2013 ◽  
Vol 800 ◽  
pp. 106-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Wang ◽  
Li Hong Cui ◽  
Ji Hua Li ◽  
Xiao Yi Wei ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Structural Modification ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Downstream Processes ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Scanning Electron

A phosphate-based ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium diethylphosphate ([EMI[DE), was synthesized and used to dissolve sugarcane bagasse cellulose under microwave radiation. The original and regenerated cellulose were both characterized by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that cellulose had a more porous and less crystalline structure after regeneration, whereas chemical composition had no change. Thermal stability of the regenerated cellulose was somewhat lower, corresponding to the decreased crystallinity. In short, the treatment with [EMI[DE led to desirable structural modification on sugarcane bagasse cellulose via physical process. This is of great benefit to the subsequent downstream processes, such as enzymatic hydrolysis and ethanol fermentation.

Flammability and Thermal Degradation of PMMA/Graphene Composites

2014 ◽  
Vol 910 ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
Zheng Zhou Wang ◽  
Shao Hong Xu ◽  
Li Xin Wu ◽  
Dong Xian Zhuo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Cone Calorimeter ◽  
Pure Pmma ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Peak Heat Release Rate ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Scanning Electron

Graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) were prepared by ball milling, and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). PMMA/GNP composites were produced by a melt process. The flammability of PMMA/GNP composite was evaluated by the cone calorimeter (Cone) and thermal degradation of the composite by thermogravimetric analyses (TGA). Cone data indicate that the incorporation of 1% GNP leads to a 12% reduction in the peak heat release rate compared to pure PMMA. The TG results show that the addition of small amount of GNP (1%) can improve thermal stability of PMMA.

scholarly journals Influence of Process Conditions on the Growth and Texture of CVD Alpha-Alumina

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
S. Ruppi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Back Scattering ◽  
Α Al2o3 ◽  
Alpha Alumina ◽  
Scanning Electron

In the present study, the influence of experimental variables on the growth characteristics and texture development in chemically vapour deposited α-Al2O3 coatings was investigated. The emphasis was on the effects of H2S. The α-Al2O3 layers were deposited from the AlCl3-H2-CO2-HCl-H2S precursor system onto intermediate Ti(C,N) layers. The substrate was cemented carbide. The coatings were characterized with respect to microstructure and texture using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and electron back-scattering diffraction. The observations were unpredictable, suggesting that in addition to the growth rate, H2S strongly affected the texture of the α-Al2O3 coatings. The uncatalyzed α-Al2O3 coatings (H2S = 0) developed (11 2 ¯ 0) texture. With the increment of H2S concentration the texture changed from (11 2 ¯ 0) texture through (10 1 ¯ 0), (10 1 ¯ 2) and (10 1 ¯ 4) textures to (0001) texture. Growth regimes for (11 2 ¯ 0), (10 1 ¯ 0), (10 1 ¯ 2), (10 1 ¯ 4) and (0001) textures were depicted as a function of the H2S/CO2 ratio. Examples of grain-boundary and microstructural manipulation of CVD α-Al2O3 layers by applying texture control were presented.

Combustibility and Thermal Degradation of PS/IFR/Graphene Composites

2014 ◽  
Vol 687-691 ◽  
pp. 4295-4298
Author(s):  
Jian Wei Yang ◽  
Zheng Zhou Wang ◽  
Li Xin Wu ◽  
Dong Xian Zhuo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Cone Calorimeter ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Peak Heat Release Rate ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Scanning Electron

Graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) were prepared by ball milling, and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). PS/GNP composites were produced by a melt process. The flammability of PS/GNP composite was evaluated by the cone calorimeter (Cone) and thermal degradation of the composite by thermogravimetric analyses (TGA). Cone data indicate that the incorporation of 1% GNP leads to a 28% reduction in the peak heat release rate (PHRR) compared to pure PS. There is an synerhistic effect between intumesent flame retardants and GNP in a decrease in PhRR in PS. The incorporation of small amount of GNP can improve thermal stability of PS.

Identification of calcium oxalate crystals in dried or fixed tobacco leaf

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 288-289
Author(s):  
Vicki L. Baliga ◽  
Mary Ellen Counts
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Calcium is an important element in the growth and development of plants and one form of calcium is calcium oxalate. Calcium oxalate has been found in leaf seed, stem material plant tissue culture, fungi and lichen using one or more of the following methods—polarized light microscopy (PLM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and x-ray diffraction.Two methods are presented here for qualitatively estimating calcium oxalate in dried or fixed tobacco (Nicotiana) leaf from different stalk positions using PLM. SEM, coupled with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDS), and powder x-ray diffraction were used to verify that the crystals observed in the dried leaf with PLM were calcium oxalate.

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