Natural, Thermal and Radiolytical Gas Liberation in Rock Salt as a Result of Disposed High-Level Radioactive Waste

1985 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbert Jockwer ◽  
Sabine Gross
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Rock Salt ◽  
Pressure Increase ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Crystal Water ◽  
Radiolytic Decomposition ◽  
High Level ◽  
Crystal Boundaries

AbstractRock salt contains crystal water of the hydrated minerals, water in the form of brine inclusions or adsorbed to the crystal boundaries, as well as primary gases. Further gases are produced or liberated due to the disposed high-level, heat producing wastes resulting from the thermal and radiolytic decomposition of the main and secondary constituents.All volatile components which are present in a final repository have an influence on the disposal horizon, promote the spreading of possibly liberated radionuclides, increase corrosion of the containment and may lead to a pressure increase in a disposal borehole. Therefore a qualita-tive and quantitative determination of the components which could be lib-erated from the rock salt as a result of the disposal of high-level wastes is of significance for a final repository.

Laboratory Investigations on Radiolysis Effects on Rock Salt With Regard to the Disposal of High-Level Radioactive Wastes

1983 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbert Jockwer
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Rock Salt ◽  
Host Rock ◽  
Thermal Cracking ◽  
Radioactive Wastes ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
High Level Radioactive Waste ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACTAs a result of the heat producing high-level radioactive waste, volatile components which are in the host rock will be liberated and further gases will be generated by thermal cracking and radiolysis.

EFFECT OF PETROLOGICAL FEATURES ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ROCK SALT FROM THE LGOM (LEGNICA–GŁOGÓW COPPER DISTRICT)

2016 ◽  
pp. 51-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna CYRAN ◽  
Tomasz TOBOŁA ◽  
Paweł KAMIŃSKI
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Uniaxial Compressive Strength ◽  
Rock Salt ◽  
Fluid Inclusions ◽  
Mechanical Parameters ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Crystal Boundaries

The paper presents the attempt to find a correlation between the content of impurities and mechanical parameters of rock salt from the LGOM. Research was carried out in three steps: uniaxial compressive strength tests, determination of the content of insoluble minerals (impurities), and observations under the microscope and Raman microspectroscopy. The research results reveal that the rock salt which is characterized by low content of insoluble minerals (0.13–2.11% wt.) shows no correlation between the mechanical properties and the content of impurities. However, it was found that mechanical properties depend on both the distribution of impurities in halite crystals and the presence of fluid inclusions and hydrocarbons along the crystal boundaries. Moreover, the distribution of anhydrite at the edges of halite crystals may influence an increase of rock salt strength. On the contrary, the presence of fluid inclusions and hydrocarbons along the halite crystal boundaries may reduce the rock salt strength.

Determination of the Corrosion Mechanisms of High-Level Waste Containing Glass

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horst Scholze ◽  
Reinhard Conradt ◽  
Heinrich Engelke ◽  
Hans Roggendorf
Keyword(s):  
Rock Salt ◽  
High Level Waste ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Safety Standard ◽  
Waste Forms ◽  
Corrosion Mechanisms ◽  
High Level

The German concept of high level waste final storage provides the use of certain glasses containing radioelement oxides as glass components. These waste forms are to be stored in rock salt formations in order to isolate the waste from the biosphere. The efficiency of this isolation is a most important question. The aim is to achieve a high safety standard that remains valid under extreme conditions such as the uncontrolled water entrance to the deposit.

scholarly journals Microscopic and spectroscopic bioassociation study of uranium(VI) with an archaeal Halobacterium isolate

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0262275
Author(s):  
Stephan Hilpmann ◽  
Miriam Bader ◽  
Robin Steudtner ◽  
Katharina Müller ◽  
Thorsten Stumpf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Rock Salt ◽  
Luminescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
High Level Radioactive Waste ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Term Storage

The safe disposal of high-level radioactive waste in a deep geological repository is a huge social and technical challenge. So far, one of the less considered factors needed for a long-term risk assessment, is the impact of microorganisms occurring in the different host rocks. Even under the harsh conditions of salt formations different bacterial and archaeal species were found, e. g. Halobacterium sp. GP5 1–1, which has been isolated from a German rock salt sample. The interactions of this archaeon with uranium(VI), one of the radionuclides of major concern for the long-term storage of high-level radioactive waste, were investigated. Different spectroscopic techniques, as well as microscopy, were used to examine the occurring mechanisms on a molecular level leading to a more profound process understanding. Batch experiments with different uranium(VI) concentrations showed that the interaction is not only a simple, but a more complex combination of different processes. With the help of in situ attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy the association of uranium(VI) onto carboxylate groups was verified. In addition, time-resolved laser-induced luminescence spectroscopy revealed the formation of phosphate and carboxylate species within the cell pellets as a function of the uranium(VI) concentration and incubation time. The association behavior differs from another very closely related halophilic archaeon, especially with regard to uranium(VI) concentrations. This clearly demonstrates the importance of studying the interactions of different, at first sight very similar, microorganisms with uranium(VI). This work provides new insights into the microbe-uranium(VI) interactions at highly saline conditions relevant to the long-term storage of radioactive waste in rock salt.

Quantitative Determination of Crystalline Phases in Nuclear Waste Glasses

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Feld ◽  
M. Stammler
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Nuclear Waste ◽  
Crystalline State ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Multicomponent System ◽  
High Level Waste ◽  
Crystalline Phases ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Level

In order to assess the longterm chemical and physical stability of high level waste glasses it is important to know the amounts of crystalline phases present.In principal all information about the crystalline state can be derived from its X-ray powder diffraction pattern,provided the spectral resolution is sufficiently high. Powderdiffraction techniques are the only means available to determine the concentration of crystalline phases in the presence of equivalent amorphous components. In addition it permits the determination of specific crystalline phases in a multicomponent system.

scholarly journals Quantitative Determination of Crystal Water and Moisture Content by Gas Chromatography.

1965 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 247-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inger Lindgren ◽  
Arne Kjekshus ◽  
H. Listou ◽  
Hertta Kyyhkynen ◽  
Ragnar A. Hoffman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Crystal Water
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