scholarly journals Derivation of a Waste Package Source Term for NNWSI from the Results of Laboratory Experiments

1985 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia M. Oversby ◽  
Charles N. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Source Term ◽  
Yucca Mountain ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Pressurized Water Reactor ◽  
Spent Fuel ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
J 13 ◽  
Fractional Release

AbstractResults are presented for the dissolution of Turkey Point pressurized water reactor (PWR) spent fuel in J-13 well water at ambient hot cell temperatures. These results are compared with those previously obtained on Turkey Point fuel in deionized water, on H. B. Robinson PWR fuel in J-13 water, and by other workers using various fuels in dilute bicarbonate groundwaters. A model is presented that represents the conditions under which maximum dissolution of spent fuel could occur in a repository sited at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Using an experimentally determined upper limit of 5 mg/l for uranium solubility in J-13 water, a fractional release rate of 6.4 × 10−8 per year is obtained by assuming that all water entering the repository carries away the maximum amount of uranium.

Experimental study of the Dissolution of spent fuel at 85°C in Natural Ground Water

1986 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles N. Wilson ◽  
Henry F. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Fused Silica ◽  
Pressurized Water Reactor ◽  
Spent Fuel ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
Waste Package ◽  
Fuel Rod ◽  
Dissolution Tests ◽  
J 13 ◽  
End Caps

AbstractSemi-static dissolution tests using pressurized water reactor spent fuel rod segments and NNWSI reference J-13 well water in sealed stainless steel vessels at 85°C are being conducted in support of the Waste Package Task of the NNWSI Project. Test specimens include: bare fuel plus the empty cladding hulls, fuel rod segments with artificially induced cladding defects and water-tight end caps, and undefected fuel rod segments with water-tight end caps. The test conditions approximate those expected in the proposed NNWSI Project repository when the waste package has cooled sufficiently to allow water to enter a breached container and contact the fuel rods, some of which may exhibit various degrees of cladding failure. Periodic solution samples (unfiltered and filtered) were analyzed for most radionuclides for which cumulative release limits are listed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Results from the first six-month cycle of the 85° C tests are presented and are compared with results from the first cycle of a previous test series run at 25° in fused silica test vessels.

Development of a Thermal Analysis Model for a Nuclear Spent Fuel Storage Cask and Experimental Verification With Prototype Testing

1989 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 647-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Y. Hwang ◽  
L. E. Efferding
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Pressurized Water Reactor ◽  
Spent Fuel ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
Fuel Assemblies ◽  
Spent Fuel Storage ◽  
Fuel Storage

A thermal analysis evaluation is presented of a nuclear spent fuel dry storage cask designed by the Westinghouse Nuclear Components Division. The cask is designed to provide passive cooling of 24 Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) spent fuel assemblies for a storage period of at least 20 years at a nuclear utility site (Independent Spent Fuel Storage Installation). A comparison is presented between analytical predictions and experimental results for a demonstration cask built by Westinghouse and tested under a joint program with the Department of Energy and Virginia Power Company. Demonstration testing with nuclear spent fuel assemblies was performed on a cask configuration designed to store 24 intact spent fuel assemblies or canisters containing fuel consolidated from 48 assemblies.

scholarly journals Criticality safety analysis of spent fuel pool for a PWR using UO2, MOX, (Th-U)O2 and (TRU-Th)O2 fuels

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3A) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claubia Pereira ◽  
Jéssica P. Achilles ◽  
Fabiano Cardoso ◽  
Victor F. Castro ◽  
Maria Auxiliadora F. Veloso
Keyword(s):  
Normal Operation ◽  
Pressurized Water Reactor ◽  
Spent Fuel ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Transport Code ◽  
Uranium Fuel ◽  
Fuel Assemblies ◽  
Spent Fuel Pool ◽  
Criticality Safety

A spent fuel pool of a typical Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) was evaluated for criticality studies when it uses reprocessed fuels. PWR nuclear fuel assemblies with four types of fuels were considered: standard PWR fuel, MOX fuel, thorium-uranium fuel and reprocessed transuranic fuel spiked with thorium. The MOX and UO2 benchmark model was evaluated using SCALE 6.0 code with KENO-V transport code and then, adopted as a reference for other fuels compositions. The four fuel assemblies were submitted to irradiation at normal operation conditions. The burnup calculations were obtained using the TRITON sequence in the SCALE 6.0 code package. The fuel assemblies modeled use a benchmark 17x17 PWR fuel assembly dimensions. After irradiation, the fuels were inserted in the pool. The criticality safety limits were performed using the KENO-V transport code in the CSAS5 sequence. It was shown that mixing a quarter of reprocessed fuel withUO2 fuel in the pool, it would not need to be resized 

The Effect of MA Transmutation in the PWR on Fuel Cycle

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoyang Yu ◽  
Bin Liu ◽  
Wenxin Zhang ◽  
Jin Cai
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cycle ◽  
Minor Actinide ◽  
Minor Actinides ◽  
Pressurized Water Reactor ◽  
Spent Fuel ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
Mcnp Program ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Rods ◽  
Effective Multiplication

The minor actinides (MA) is important nuclides in the spent fuel which is bad for human ecological environment. Pressurized water reactor (PWR) is the main reactor type at commercial operation around world. It is important to find the appropriate loading patterns when introducing minor actinides to the PWR core. In this paper, we study the effect of MA transmutation in the PWR on fuel cycle. First, we use the MCNP program to simulate the model of PWR and the effective multiplication factor.Then,the MA is introduced into core in different ways and mass to simulate the effective multiplication factor. In conclusion,without considering chemical skim control and control rods, we change the thickness of the MA, until the keff closes to 1, We find that loading minor actinides to burnable poison rods for transmutation is an optimal minor actinide loading pattern.

Tripoli-4 Gamma-Ray Dose Calculation for Spent PWR Fuels

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Kang Lee ◽  
Kabir Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Dose Calculation ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Pressurized Water Reactor ◽  
Spent Fuel ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
Heterogeneous Model ◽  
Transport Code ◽  
Fuel Pin ◽  
Monte Carlo Transport

The gamma-ray dose calculation is essential for the radiation shielding of pressurized water reactor (PWR) spent fuels. Homogenization modeling of fuel pin lattices for typical PWR spent fuel pins is regularly applied on the radiation protection calculation of gamma-ray dose in an air medium. However, depending on the size of the homogenized lattice and the location of the detectors, under-estimation or over-estimation of the gamma-ray dose due to the homogenization modeling can be obtained with respect to the detailed heterogeneous model. In previous published results from MCNP-4A and 4C calculations on gamma-ray dose from spent PWR fuel pins, very different homogeneous to heterogeneous (Hom/Het) ratios were reported. In this study these Hom/Het ratios have been re-evaluated and benchmarked by using the TRIPOLI-4 Monte Carlo transport code. The new TRIPOLI-4 mesh tally capabilities have also been applied to calculate the radial and axial gamma-ray dose distribution. With the recently upgraded TRIPOLI-4 display tool, the dose rate maps and the isodose rate curves around a spent PWR fuel assembly have been established.

scholarly journals Radioactive Source Specification of Bushehr’s VVER-1000 Spent Fuels

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Rezaeian ◽  
Jamshid Kamali
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Radioactive Source ◽  
Pressurized Water Reactor ◽  
Spent Fuel ◽  
Pressurized Water

Due to high radioactivity and significant content of medium- and long-lived radionuclides, different operations with spent nuclear fuels (e.g., handling, transportation, and storage) shall be accompanied by suitable radiation protections. On the other hand, determination of radioactive source specification is the initial step for any radiation protection design. In this study, radioactive source specification of the spent fuels of Bushehr nuclear power plant, which is a VVER-1000 type pressurized water reactor, was determined. For the depletion and decay calculations, ORIGEN code was utilized. The results are presented for burnups of 30 to 49 GWd/MTHM and different cooling times up to 100 years. According to these results, total activity of a spent fuel assembly with initial enrichment of 3.92%, burnup of 49 GWd/MTHM, and cooling time of 3 years is 1.92 × 1016 Bq. The results can be utilized specifically in transportation/storage cask design for spent fuel management of Bushehr nuclear power plant.

scholarly journals Study of Minor Actinides Transmutation in PWR MOX Fuel

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengli Chen ◽  
Cenxi Yuan ◽  
Jingxia Wu ◽  
Yaolei Zou
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Fuel Cycle ◽  
Minor Actinides ◽  
Pressurized Water Reactor ◽  
Spent Fuel ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Closed Nuclear Fuel Cycle ◽  
Mox Fuel ◽  
Management Method

The management of long-lived radionuclides in spent fuel is a key issue to achieve the closed nuclear fuel cycle and the sustainable development of nuclear energy. Partitioning-Transmutation is supposed to treat efficiently the long-lived radionuclides. Accordingly, the study of transmutation for long-lived Minor Actinides (MAs) is a significant work for the post-processing of spent fuel. In the present work, the transmutations in Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) Mixed OXide (MOX) fuel are investigated through the Monte Carlo based code RMC. Two kinds of MAs are incorporated homogeneously into two initial concentrations MOX fuel assembly. The results indicate an overall nice efficiency of transmutation in both initial MOX concentrations, especially for two MAs primarily generated in the UOX fuel, 237Np and 241Am. In addition, the inclusion of 237Np has no large influence on other MAs, while the transmutation efficiency of 237Np is excellent. The transmutation of MAs in MOX fuel depletion is expected to be an efficient nuclear spent fuel management method.

scholarly journals Source Term Analysis of the Irradiated Graphite in the Core of HTR-10

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuegang Liu ◽  
Xin Huang ◽  
Feng Xie ◽  
Fuming Jia ◽  
Xiaogui Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Source Term ◽  
Pressurized Water Reactor ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
The Core ◽  
Irradiated Graphite ◽  
Term Analysis ◽  
High Temperature Gas

The high temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) has potential utilization due to its featured characteristics such as inherent safety and wide diversity of utilization. One distinct difference between HTGR and traditional pressurized water reactor (PWR) is the large inventory of graphite in the core acting as reflector, moderator, or structure materials. Some radionuclides will be generated in graphite during the period of irradiation, which play significant roles in reactor safety, environmental release, waste disposal, and so forth. Based on the actual operation of the 10 MW pebble bed high temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTR-10) in Tsinghua University, China, an experimental study on source term analysis of the irradiated graphite has been done. An irradiated graphite sphere was randomly collected from the core of HTR-10 as sample in this study. This paper focuses on the analytical procedure and the establishment of the analytical methodology, including the sample collection, graphite sample preparation, and analytical parameters. The results reveal that the Co-60, Cs-137, Eu-152, and Eu-154 are the major γ contributors, while H-3 and C-14 are the dominating β emitting nuclides in postirradiation graphite material of HTR-10. The distribution profiles of the above four nuclides are also presented.

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