Surface Characterization of Calcium-Stabilized Zirconia Film by X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

1997 ◽  
Vol 495 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. O. Bensadon ◽  
P. A. P. Nascente ◽  
L.O.S. Bulhões ◽  
E. C. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Oxide Films ◽  
Depth Profiling ◽  
Cubic Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Stabilized Zirconia ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Zirconia Film

ABSTRACTA new methodology was developed to stabilized zirconia films at room temperature. The zirconium oxide films were prepared electrochemically by anodic oxidation of metallic zirconium at constant curcent density. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the partial stabilization of the cubic phase in the ZrO2 films obtained in the presence of calcium. On the other hand, the films obtained in H3PO4 presented monoclinic phase. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the oxide films obtained in calcium medium were porous, while the films obtained in H3PO4 were compact. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) identified ZrO2 and the intercalation of Na, N, P and CaO, as well as adventitious carbon. Using depth profiling, we observed that the concentrations of ZrO2, P and CaO increased with sputtering time.

Surface Characterization of Carbon-Bearing Magnetite (CBM) and Carbon-Bearing Ni(II)-Ferrite (CBNF)

1994 ◽  
Vol 344 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Sano ◽  
K. Akanuma ◽  
M. Tsuji ◽  
Y. Tamaura
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Spinel Structure ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Carbon Deposition ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Xps Spectra ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Oxygen Ions ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

AbstractOxygen-deficient magnetite (ODM; Fe3O4-δ, δ>0) synthesized by reduction of magnetite with H2 at 300°C decomposed CO2 to carbon with an efficiency of nearly 100% at 300°C. In this reaction, two oxygen ions of the CO2 were incorporated into the spinel structure of ODM and carbon was deposited on the surface of ODM with zero valence to form visible particles. The particles of carbon separated from ODM were studied by Raman, energy-dispersive X-ray and wave-dispersive X-ray spectroscopies. The carbon which had been deposited on the ODM was found to be a mixture of graphite and amorphous carbon in at least two levels of crystallization. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction patterns of the carbon-bearing magnetite (CBM) showed no indication of carbide (Fe3C) or metallic iron (α-Fe) phase formation. In the C 1s XPS spectra of the CBM, no peaks were observed which could be assigned to CO2 or CO. X-ray diffractometry, chemical analysis and TG-MS measurement showed that the carbon-bearing Ni(II)-ferrite (CBNF) (Ni(II)/Fetotal = 0.15) synthesized by the carbon deposition reaction from CO2 with the H2-reduced Ni(II)-ferrite was represented by (Ni0.28Fe2.72O4.00)1-δ (Ni2+06.9Fe2+2.31O3.00)δCτ (δ= 0.27, τ= 0.17). The carbon of the CBNF gave the CIOlayer-like oxide containing some Ni2+ ions.

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SPHERE-LIKE ZnS NANOCRYSTALS BY THERMOLYSIS OF A NEW COMPLEX PRECURSOR

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (19) ◽  
pp. 2091-2099 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIANJUN ZHANG ◽  
JUNHONG DUAN
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Cubic Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nitrogen Stream ◽  
Zns Nanocrystals

In this paper, the preparation and optical properties of sphere-like ZnS nanocrystals are reported. Pure and uniform cubic-phase sphere-like ZnS nanocrystals with grain sizes of 30–40 nm were synthesized by thermolysis of a new precursor complex ( enH 2)0.5[ Zn ( en )3]( SCN )3 (en = ethylenediamine) in nitrogen stream at 800°C. The as-synthesized products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. The XRD analysis reveals the phase of ZnS with cubic zinc blende. UV-Vis and photoluminescence spectra (PL) were utilized to investigate the optical properties of sphere-like ZnS nanocrystals. By testing on UV-Vis spectra, it is concluded that the limiting wavelength of the ZnS nanocrystals is 320 nm and the band gap is 3.88 eV. In room temperature PL spectra, one strong emission peak centered at 322 nm is discovered, which could be attributed to the band to band transitions. The above-mentioned results showed that the thermolysis method is preferable for synthesizing high-quality sphere-like ZnS nanocrystals. The synthesized precursor could be used as morphological templates to prepare nanostructure inorganic compounds.

scholarly journals E-Beam Deposition of Scandia-Stabilized Zirconia (ScSZ) Thin Films Co-Doped with Al

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 870
Author(s):  
Nursultan Kainbayev ◽  
Mantas Sriubas ◽  
Kristina Bockute ◽  
Darius Virbukas ◽  
Giedrius Laukaitis
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Deposition Rate ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Cubic Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Stabilized Zirconia ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Deposition Parameters ◽  
High Concentrations

Scandia alumina stabilized zirconia (ScAlSZ) thin films were deposited using e-beam evaporation, and the effects of deposition parameters on the structure and chemical composition were investigated. The analysis of thin films was carried out using Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-Ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy methods. It was found that the chemical composition of ScAlSZ thin films was different from the chemical composition of the initial powder. Moreover, the Al concentration in thin films depends on the deposition rate, resulting in a lower concentration using a higher deposition rate. XPS analysis revealed that ZrOx, oxygen vacancies, high concentrations of Al2O3 and metallic Al exist in thin films and influence their structural properties. The crystallinity is higher when the concentration of Al is lower (higher deposition rate) and at higher substrate temperatures. Further, the amount of cubic phase is higher and the amount of tetragonal phase lower when using a higher deposition rate.

The Use of Advanced Analytical Techniques for Characterization of the Chemical, Physical, and Crystallographic Nature of a Surface

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 132-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Herfert
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Studies of the nature of a surface, either metallic or nonmetallic, in the past, have been limited to the instrumentation available for these measurements. In the past, optical microscopy, replica transmission electron microscopy, electron or X-ray diffraction and optical or X-ray spectroscopy have provided the means of surface characterization. Actually, some of these techniques are not purely surface; the depth of penetration may be a few thousands of an inch. Within the last five years, instrumentation has been made available which now makes it practical for use to study the outer few 100A of layers and characterize it completely from a chemical, physical, and crystallographic standpoint. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides a means of viewing the surface of a material in situ to magnifications as high as 250,000X.

Preparation and Application of Lead Dioxide Electrode for Zinc Electrolysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 785-786 ◽  
pp. 1125-1129
Author(s):  
Xiao Yong Yang ◽  
Pei Xian Zhu ◽  
Yun Sen Si
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Lead Dioxide ◽  
Manufacturing Cost ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Simulation Test ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Zinc Smelter ◽  
Lead Dioxide Electrode

According to the process of anodic oxygen evolution in sulfate system for zinc electrolysis,Ti-base lead dioxide electrode can be prepared to use in this case.The surface characterization of the electrode was studied by Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The electrode lifetime was tested in 1mol/L H2SO4solution at 60°C,and the electro-catalytic properties was examined by polarization curves.Then these samples was enlarged and simulation test was conducted at Mengzi marriage zinc smelter in Yunnan.The results show that the electro-catalytic properties is better and the electrodes lifetime is longer compared to the traditional lead electrode.Moreover,it has a significant effect in reducing energy consumption, manufacturing cost and improving the production and grade of zinc.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Characterization of Al/NiO Energetic Nanomultilayers

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
YiChao Yan ◽  
Wei Shi ◽  
HongChuan Jiang ◽  
Jie Xiong ◽  
WanLi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Total Thickness ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Dc Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Metallic Oxide ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thermal Boundary Conductance ◽  
Fabrication And Characterization

The redox reaction between Al and metallic oxide has its advantage compared with intermetallic reaction and Al/NiO nanomutlilayers are a promising candidate for enhancing the performance of energetic igniter. Al/NiO nanomutlilayers with different modulation periods are prepared on alumina substrate by direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering. The thicknesses of each period are 250 nm, 500 nm, 750 nm, 1000 nm, and 1500 nm, respectively, and the total thickness is 3 μm. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) results of the as-deposited Al/NiO nanomutlilayers show that the NiO films are amorphous and the layered structures are clearly distinguished. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) demonstrates that the thickness of Al2O3increases on the side of Al monolayer after annealing at 450°C. The thermal diffusion time becomes greater significantly as the amount of thermal boundary conductance across the interfaces increases with relatively smaller modulation period. Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) curve suggests that the energy release per unit mass is below the theoretical heat of the reaction due to the nonstoichiometric ratio between Al and NiO and the presence of impurities.

Preparation and Characterization of γ-Fe2O3-ZnFe2O4 Composite Nanoparticles

2013 ◽  
Vol 873 ◽  
pp. 152-157
Author(s):  
Long Long Chen ◽  
Jun Ming Li ◽  
Xiao Min Gong ◽  
Jian Li
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Composite Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ferrite Core ◽  
Phase Synthesis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Chemically Induced

Using a chemically induced transition in an FeCl2 solution, γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles can be prepared from an amorphous precursor composed of FeOOH and Mg (OH)2. Surface modification by adding ZnCl2 during liquid-phase synthesis was attempted. The magnetization, morphology, crystal structure, and chemical species of as-prepared samples were characterized by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The experimental results showed that the surface of the γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles can be modified by adding ZnCl2 to form composite nanoparticles with a γ-Fe2O3/ZnFe2O4 ferrite core coated with Zn (OH)2 and absorbed FeCl36H2O; this modification can be enhanced by additional NaOH.

scholarly journals Copper Containing Glass-Based Bone Adhesives for Orthopaedic Applications: Glass Characterization and Advanced Mechanical Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar. Mokhtari ◽  
Anthony.W. Wren
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Viscoelastic Behavior ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Compression Data

AbstractThis study addresses issues with currently used bone adhesives, by producing novel glass based skeletal adhesives through modification of the base glass composition to include copper (Cu) and by characterizing each glass with respect to structural changes. Bioactive glasses have found applications in fields such as orthopedics and dentistry, where they have been utilized for the restoration of bone and teeth. The present work outlines the formation of flexible organic-inorganic polyacrylic acid (PAA) – glass hybrids, commercial forms are known as glass ionomer cements (GICs). Initial stages of this research will involve characterization of the Cu-glasses, significant to evaluate the properties of the resulting adhesives. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of annealed Cu glasses indicates the presence of partial crystallization in the glass. The structural analysis of the glass using Raman suggests the formation of CuO nanocrystals on the surface. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) further confirmed the formation of crystalline CuO phases on the surface of the annealed Cu-glass. The setting reaction was studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The mechanical properties of the Cu containing adhesives exhibited gel viscoelastic behavior and enhanced mechanical properties when compared to the control composition. Compression data indicated the Cu glass adhesives were efficient at energy dissipation due to the reversible interactions between CuO nano particles and PAA polymer chains.

Synthesis and characterization of homogeneous lead-substituted tin oxide with the (110) face of rutile structure

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2076-2079
Author(s):  
Chika Nozaki ◽  
Takashi Yamada ◽  
Kenji Tabata ◽  
Eiji Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Rutile Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Synthesis of a rutile-type lead-substituted tin oxide with (110) face was investigated. The characterization was performed by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area measurements. The homogeneous rutile-type lead-substituted tin oxide was obtained until 4.1 mol% of tin was substituted with lead. The surface of obtained oxide had a homogeneously lead-substituted (110) face.

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