Synthesis of New Multifunctional Polymers inCorporating BIS-(Diphenylamino)Diphenylpolyene Moieties

1997 ◽  
Vol 488 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Spangler ◽  
T. Faircloth ◽  
E. H. Elandaloussi ◽  
B. Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Double Bonds ◽  
Model Compounds ◽  
Optical Limiters ◽  
Oxidative Doping ◽  
Multifunctional Polymers

AbstractA series of bis-(diphenylamino)diphenylpolyenes containing up to eight double bonds has been synthesized, both as parent model compounds, and functionalized for attachment as pendant chromophores. Oxidative doping of these new materials yields exceptionally stable bipolaronlike dications, even at the triene level. These new materials show promise as bimechanistic optical limiters by reverse saturable absorption and by 2-photon absorption.

Nonlinear absorption in tetrathia[22]porphyrin(2.1.2.1)s: visualizing strong reverse saturable absorption at non-resonant excitation

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (27) ◽  
pp. 22659-22663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamaljit Singh ◽  
Shafali Arora ◽  
Krishnandu Makhal ◽  
Paramjit Kaur ◽  
Debabrata Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Absorption ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Optically Active ◽  
Resonant Excitation ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Optical Limiters ◽  
The Family ◽  
New Entry

meso-Substituted neutral, aromatic tetrathia[22]porphyrin(2.1.2.1)s represent a new entry in the family of nonlinear optically active porphyrins. The low fluence threshold values of these porphyrins endorse potential application as optical limiters.

Materials for Reverse Saturable Absorption Optical Limiters

1994 ◽  
Vol 374 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Shirk ◽  
Richard G. S. Pong ◽  
Steven R. Flom ◽  
Michael E. Boyle ◽  
Arthur W. Snow
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Nonlinear Absorption ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
Spectral Window ◽  
Optical Limiters

AbstractSystematic studies of the nonlinear optical properties of metallo-organic materials have led to the development of promising new phthalocyanine materials for optical limiting. Several heavy metal substituted phthalocyanines exhibit a strong nonlinear absorption that is useful for optical limiters in the visible. In fast optical systems, other mechanisms, such as the thermal refraction, contribute to the limiting. The spectral window for limiting can by modified by altering the molecular structure.

scholarly journals Broadband Visible Nonlinear Absorption and Ultrafast Dynamics of the Ti3C2 Nanosheet

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2544
Author(s):  
Yabin Shao ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Qing He ◽  
Wenzhi Wu ◽  
Chensha Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Absorption ◽  
Transient Absorption ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
Ultrafast Dynamics ◽  
Fast Decay ◽  
Broadband Absorption

The Ti3C2 nanosheet, as a new two-dimensional (2D) group, has been found to have attractive characteristics as material for electromagnetic shielding and energy storage. In this study, the nonlinear broadband absorption and ultrafast dynamics of the Ti3C2 nanosheet were investigated using nanosecond open-aperture Z-scan and transient absorption techniques. The mechanism of two-photon absorption (TPA) was revealed in the visible region (475–700 nm). At lower incident energies, nonlinear absorption could not happen. When the laser energy increased to 0.64 GW/cm2, electrons in the valence band could absorb two photons and jump to the conduction band, with TPA occurring, which meant that the sample exhibited reverse saturable absorption (RSA). In addition, when transient absorption was used to investigate the ultrafast carrier dynamics of the sample, it demonstrated that the relaxation contains a fast decay component and a slow one, which are obtained from electron–phonon and phonon–phonon interactions, respectively. Moreover, with the increasing pump fluence, the fast decay lifetime τ1 increased from 3.9 to 4.5 ps, and the slow one τ2 increased from 11.1 to 13.2 ps. These results show that the Ti3C2 nanosheet has potential applications in broadband optical limiters.

Ultrafast third order nonlinear optical properties of water soluble zinc-octacarboxy-phthalocyanine

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (09) ◽  
pp. 1015-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bala Murali Krishna ◽  
L. Giribabu ◽  
D. Narayana Rao
Keyword(s):  
Optical Switching ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Two Photon Absorption ◽  
Time Domains ◽  
Soluble Zinc

Synthesis and measurements of third order nonlinear optical (NLO) coefficients of water soluble zinc octacarboxy phthalocyanine (ZnOCPc) are reported here using different laser pulse durations. Nonlinear absorption and refraction behaviour in the nanosecond (ns), picosecond (ps) and femtosecond (fs) time domains were studied in detail. Three-photon absorption was the prevalent mechanism with femtosecond laser excitation whereas strong reverse saturable absorption due to dominant two-photon absorption (TPA) was observed with picosecond and nanosecond excitations. We have evaluated the sign and magnitude of the third order nonlinearity in fs, ps, and ns regimes. We observed large off-resonant second order hyperpolarizability (γ) with ultrafast nonlinear optical response in the femtosecond domain using degenerate four wave mixing (DFWM) technique. We also report the optical limiting characteristics and figure of merit (FOM) of ZnOCPc for optical switching.

Two-Photon Absorption in Polybenzidine

1994 ◽  
Vol 374 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Aranda ◽  
C. F. Cheng ◽  
D. V. G. L. N. Rao ◽  
J. A. Akkara ◽  
D. L. Kaplan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Slow Component ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Polymerization Reaction ◽  
Imaginary Component ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
Nonlinear Optical Susceptibility ◽  
Two Photon Absorption ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Nanosecond Pulses

AbstractPolymers of Benzidine were synthesized by hydrogen peroxide reaction catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase enzyme. The polymerization reaction was carried out at room temperature in a monophasic organic solvent with a small amount of water at pH 7.5.The technique of degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) with nanosecond and picosecond pulses was employed to measure the third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility χ. The samples were studied in solution in Dimethyl sulfoxide:Methanol in volume ratio 4:1. The observed values are of order 10−9 to 10−8esu. Measurements on a thin film agree approximately with the extrapolated values fron solution measurements. Picosecond time resolved measurements indicate a pulse-width limited response followed by a small slow component. Investigation of the total energy transmission as a function of the incident intensity and fluence at 532 nm for pico- and nanosecond pulses indicates reverse saturable absorption. As we observe the nanosecond and picosecond curves to be superimposed for the intensity plot but not for fluence, we conclude that the nonlinearity is predominantly due to two-photon absorption. Numerical analysis of the data yields a value of 12.25 cm/GW for the two-photon absorption coefficient β. The imaginary component of χ obtained is 5 × 10−9esu. The material appears to be a good candidate for applications in optical power limiting and switching.

scholarly journals The Broadband Nonlinear Optical Response in Graphene/MoS2/Ag Thin Films at Near Infrared

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Sun ◽  
Yu Fang ◽  
Xiaoyan Yan ◽  
Wen Shan ◽  
Wenjun Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Optical Switching ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Nonlinear Refraction ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
Free Carrier Absorption

Graphene/MoS2/Ag thin films were successfully prepared by the magnetron sputtering technique and liquid phase exfoliation. Structure, morphology, optical properties, and nonlinear optical characteristics of the graphene/MoS2/Ag and graphene/MoS2 thin films were studied by X-ray diffractometer, spectrophotometer, field-scanning electron microscope, and femtosecond (fs) Z-scan technique. The results of the fs Z-scan experiment indicate that the graphene/MoS2/Ag thin films exhibit reverse saturable absorption properties due to the free carrier absorption and two-photon absorption. More importantly, with the increase of DC magnetron sputtering power (from 5 to 15 W), the local surface plasmon resonance effect of the Ag thin films increases, which leads to the enhancement of nonlinear optical properties of the graphene/MoS2/Ag thin films. The nonlinear absorption coefficients of the graphene/MoS2/Ag thin films are increased from 1.14 × 10–10 to 1.8 × 10–10 m/W at 800 nm and from 4.79 × 10–11 to 6.79 × 10–11 m/W at 1,030 nm, and the nonlinear refraction index of the graphene/MoS2/Ag thin films is -4.37 × 10–17∼−4.18 × 10–16 m2/W under the excitation of 800 and 1,030 nm, respectively. Moreover, when the graphene/MoS2/Ag thin films were excited at 800 and 1,030 nm, respectively, the nonlinear figure of merit values of the graphene/MoS2/Ag thin films are increased from 1.23 to 2.91 and from 1.30 to 1.47, which are enough to support the application of the graphene/MoS2/Ag thin films in the field of all-optical switching applications.

Energy transfer coupling of two-photon absorption and reverse saturable absorption for enhanced optical power limiting

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (22) ◽  
pp. 1742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukesh P. Joshi ◽  
J. Swiatkiewicz ◽  
Faming Xu ◽  
Paras N. Prasad ◽  
B. A. Reinhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
Two Photon Absorption ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Optical Power Limiting

Hyperbranched lutecium phthalocyanines grafted ethylenediamine@graphene oxide with enhanced nonlinear optical properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (08) ◽  
pp. 1038-1046
Author(s):  
Zengduo Cui ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Jiale Ding ◽  
Yunhe Zhang ◽  
Zhenhua Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Optical Limiting ◽  
Polymeric Matrix ◽  
Nonlinear Optical Properties ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption

To enhance the nonlinear optical properties of graphene oxide in organic solvent and polymeric matrix, lutecium phthalocyanines (LuPc) and hyperbranched lutecium phthalocyanines (HBLuPc) have been grafted on the surface of graphene oxide, respectively. After the surficial modification, the electron transfer process between phthalocyanines and graphene oxide has been also facilitated, resulting in significant fluorescence quenching. Given the combination of nonlinear scattering, two-photon absorption with reverse saturable absorption and the photo-induced electron or energy transfer from the electron donor (phthalocyanine moiety) to the acceptor (graphene oxide), stronger nonlinear optical properties can be realized based on graphene oxide hybrids compared with graphene oxide and phthalocyanines. Furthermore, graphene oxide hybrid modified by hyperbranched lutecium phthalocyanines exhibits the best optical limiting response and the highest nonlinear extinction coefficient at 532 nm in both organic solvent and polymeric matrix. Interestingly, we also find that it could exhibit better optical limiting properties than those possessed by pure phthalocyanine at 1064 nm.

scholarly journals Effect of Size on the Saturable Absorption and Reverse Saturable Absorption in Silver Nanoparticle and Ultrafast Dynamics at 400 nm

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Kumar Maurya ◽  
Anuradha Rout ◽  
Rashid A. Ganeev ◽  
Chunlei Guo
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Absorption ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Acoustic Vibration ◽  
Radial Breathing Mode ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Pulses ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
Ultrafast Dynamics ◽  
Ag Nps

Saturable absorption and reverse saturable absorption play an important role in the studies of the nonlinear optical properties of nanoparticles at resonant excitation. With this viewpoint, nonlinear absorption processes of chemically prepared silver nanoparticles in deionized water were studied using femtosecond laser pulses at 400 nm. Our nonlinear absorption study shows that there is competition between saturable absorption and two-photon absorption in prepared Ag NPs which depends on the size of the nanoparticles. We have also studied the ultrafast dynamics associated with nanoparticles which also results in the direct correlation between the ultrafast timescale and the size of the nanoparticle. The excitation of Ag NPs at 400 nm has shown the manifestation of damped oscillation which is attributed to the radial breathing mode oscillation due to acoustic vibration.

scholarly journals Time-domain dynamics of reverse saturable absorbers with application to plasmon-enhanced optical limiters

Nanophotonics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaimaa I. Azzam ◽  
Alexander V. Kildishev
Keyword(s):  
Time Domain ◽  
Optical Switching ◽  
Rate Equations ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
Saturable Absorbers ◽  
Metal Grating ◽  
Full Wave ◽  
Optical Limiters ◽  
Domain Dynamics

AbstractAn advanced full-wave time-domain numerical model for reverse saturable absorption (RSA) is presented and verified. Rate equations describing atomic relaxations and excitation dynamics are coupled to the Maxwell equations by using a Lorentzian oscillator, which models the kinetics-dependent light–matter interactions. The presented novel technique provides a versatile multiphysics framework for designing complex structures and integrating diverse material models that were not previously possible. The multiphysics framework allows capturing the behavior of the RSA materials embedded in artificial photonic nanostructures that cannot be analyzed with established techniques such as the Beer–Lambert law. To showcase the importance of the full-wave RSA analysis coupled to carrier kinetics, we analyze two plasmon-enhanced optical limiters: a metal grating and a Fabry–Perot cavity-like structure where we decrease the unenhanced limiter threshold by a factor of 3 and 13, respectively. This is a promising approach for developing RSA devices operating at reduced illumination levels and thereby significantly expanding their area of applicability to areas such as protective eyewear and automatically dimmed windows. By exploring the dynamic behavior of a given RSA system, this framework will provide critical insights into the design of transformative photonic devices and their complementary optical characterization, and serve as an invaluable utility for guiding the development of synthetic absorbing materials. We believe that our multiphysics models are crucial enabling tools that lay a necessary foundation for the numerical machinery required for the realization and optimization of optical limiting and all-optical switching systems.

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