Current Issues of High-Pressure Bridgman Growth of Semi-Insulating CdZnTe

1997 ◽  
Vol 487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Csaba Szeles ◽  
Elgin E. Eissler
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Radiation Detector ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Material Homogeneity ◽  
Te Inclusions ◽  
And Control ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Growth Experiments

AbstractThe availability of large-size, detector-grade CdZnTe crystals in large volume and at affordable cost is a key to the further development of radiation-detector applications based on this II-VI compound. The high pressure Bridgman technique that supplies the bulk of semiinsulating CdZnTe crystals used in X-ray, γ-ray detector and imaging devices at present is hampered by material issues that limit the yield of large-size and high-quality crystals. These include ingot cracking, formation of pipes, material homogeneity and the reproducibility of the material from growth to growth. The incorporation of macro defects in the material during crystal growth poses both material quality limitations and technological problems for detector fabrication. The effects of macro defects such as Te inclusions and pipes on the charge-transport properties of CdZnTe are discussed in this paper. Growth experiments designed to study the origin and formation of large defects are described. The importance of material-crucible interactions and control of thermodynamic parameters during crystal growth are also addressed. Opportunities for growth improvements and yield increases are identified.

Current Issues of High-Pressure Bridgman Growth of Semi-Insulating CdZnTe

1997 ◽  
Vol 484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Csaba Szeles ◽  
Elgin E. Eissler
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Radiation Detector ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Material Homogeneity ◽  
Te Inclusions ◽  
And Control ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Growth Experiments

AbstractThe availability of large-size, detector-grade CdZnTe crystals in large volume and at affordable cost is a key to the further development of radiation-detector applications based on this II-VI compound. The high pressure Bridgman technique that supplies the bulk of semiinsulating CdZnTe crystals used in X-ray, γ-ray detector and imaging devices at present is hampered by material issues that limit the yield of large-size and high-quality crystals. These include ingot cracking, formation of pipes, material homogeneity and the reproducibility of the material from growth to growth. The incorporation of macro defects in the material during crystal growth poses both material quality limitations and technological problems for detector fabrication. The effects of macro defects such as Te inclusions and pipes on the charge-transport properties of CdZnTe are discussed in this paper. Growth experiments designed to study the origin and formation of large defects are described. The importance of material-crucible interactions and control of thermodynamic parameters during crystal growth are also addressed. Opportunities for growth improvements and yield increases are identified.

Single Crystal Growth of High-Pressure Phases of Ice and Salt Hydrate Far Below the Original Melting Point by Mixing Alcohol: Crystal Structure Determination of Magnesium Chloride Heptahydrate

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keishiro Yamashita ◽  
Kazuki Komatsu ◽  
Hiroyuki Kagi
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Growth Technique ◽  
Salt Hydrate ◽  
X Ray

An crystal-growth technique for single crystal x-ray structure analysis of high-pressure forms of hydrogen-bonded crystals is proposed. We used alcohol mixture (methanol: ethanol = 4:1 in volumetric ratio), which is a widely used pressure transmitting medium, inhibiting the nucleation and growth of unwanted crystals. In this paper, two kinds of single crystals which have not been obtained using a conventional experimental technique were obtained using this technique: ice VI at 1.99 GPa and MgCl<sub>2</sub>·7H<sub>2</sub>O at 2.50 GPa at room temperature. Here we first report the crystal structure of MgCl2·7H2O. This technique simultaneously meets the requirement of hydrostaticity for high-pressure experiments and has feasibility for further in-situ measurements.

Single Crystal Growth of High-Pressure Phases of Ice and Salt Hydrate Far Below the Original Melting Point by Mixing Alcohol: Crystal Structure Determination of Magnesium Chloride Heptahydrate

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keishiro Yamashita ◽  
Kazuki Komatsu ◽  
Hiroyuki Kagi
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Growth Technique ◽  
Salt Hydrate ◽  
X Ray

An crystal-growth technique for single crystal x-ray structure analysis of high-pressure forms of hydrogen-bonded crystals is proposed. We used alcohol mixture (methanol: ethanol = 4:1 in volumetric ratio), which is a widely used pressure transmitting medium, inhibiting the nucleation and growth of unwanted crystals. In this paper, two kinds of single crystals which have not been obtained using a conventional experimental technique were obtained using this technique: ice VI at 1.99 GPa and MgCl<sub>2</sub>·7H<sub>2</sub>O at 2.51 GPa at room temperature. Here we first report the crystal structure of MgCl2·7H2O. This technique simultaneously meets the requirement of hydrostaticity for high-pressure experiments and has feasibility for further in-situ measurements.

Crystal growth, optical, thermal and piezoelectric properties of HoCa4O(BO3)3 crystal

CrystEngComm ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pingzhang Yu ◽  
Xiaobo Pan ◽  
guangda wu ◽  
Yanqing Liu ◽  
Fapeng Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Piezoelectric Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Large Size

Large size HoCa4O(BO3)3 (HoCOB) crystal was successfully grown by the Czochralski (Cz) method. Through single-crystal X-ray diffraction the cell parameters were determined to be a = 8.090(3) Å, b =...

Development of the high-pressure electro-dynamic gradient crystal-growth technology for semi-insulating CdZnTe growth for radiation detector applications

2004 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 742-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Csaba Szeles ◽  
Scott E. Cameron ◽  
Stephen A. Soldner ◽  
Jean-Olivier Ndap ◽  
Michael D. Reed
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Radiation Detector ◽  
Growth Technology

Crystal structure of Ba8[Al3O10][AlO4], a novel mixed-anion Ba aluminate related to kilchoanite

2001 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kahlenberg
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Diffraction Data ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
Fourier Synthesis ◽  
Single Crystal Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Difference Fourier ◽  
Growth Experiments

AbstractCrystal growth experiments in the system BaO–Al2O3yielded single crystals of a new Ba oxo-aluminate with composition Ba4Al2O7. The title compound is orthorhombic, with cell parametersa= 11.3126(5),b= 11.7045(9),c= 27.1850(14) Å, space groupCmca. The structure was solved by direct methods followed by difference Fourier synthesis from X-ray single crystal diffraction data (R1 = 0.048 for 1213 independent observed reflections and 135 parameters). The main building units of tetrabarium aluminate are Al3O10trimers and isolated AlO4tetrahedra. Seven crystallographically different Ba sites crosslink between the tetrahedral groups and are co-ordinated by six to nine oxygen ligands. The structure is closely related to the mineral kilchoanite (Ca6[SiO4][Si3O10]) and the first representative of an unbranched oligo-aluminate with triple tetrahedra.

Single Crystal Growth of High-Pressure Phases of Ice and Salt Hydrate Far Below the Original Melting Point by Mixing Alcohol: Crystal Structure Determination of Magnesium Chloride Heptahydrate

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keishiro Yamashita ◽  
Kazuki Komatsu ◽  
Hiroyuki Kagi
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Growth Technique ◽  
Salt Hydrate ◽  
X Ray

An crystal-growth technique for single crystal x-ray structure analysis of high-pressure forms of hydrogen-bonded crystals is proposed. We used alcohol mixture (methanol: ethanol = 4:1 in volumetric ratio), which is a widely used pressure transmitting medium, inhibiting the nucleation and growth of unwanted crystals. In this paper, two kinds of single crystals which have not been obtained using a conventional experimental technique were obtained using this technique: ice VI at 1.99 GPa and MgCl<sub>2</sub>·7H<sub>2</sub>O at 2.50 GPa at room temperature. Here we first report the crystal structure of MgCl2·7H2O. This technique simultaneously meets the requirement of hydrostaticity for high-pressure experiments and has feasibility for further in-situ measurements.

Single-crystal X-ray diffraction study of Cs2Er[Si6O14]F and Cs2Er[Si4O10]F

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Predrag Dabić ◽  
Volker Kahlenberg ◽  
Daniela Schmidmair ◽  
Aleksandar Kremenović ◽  
Predrag Vulić
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Diffraction Study ◽  
Single Crystal Growth ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Growth Experiments

AbstractSingle-crystal growth experiments in the system CsF-Er

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