Optimization of Savannah River M-Area Mixed Waste for Vitrification

1996 ◽  
Vol 465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina S. Fu ◽  
Hao Gan ◽  
Isabelle S. Muller ◽  
Ian L. Pegg ◽  
Pedro B. Macedo
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Durability ◽  
Waste Stream ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Savannah River ◽  
Total Alkali ◽  
Optimization Study ◽  
Mixed Wastes ◽  
Waste Loading ◽  
Mixed Waste ◽  
Leaching Procedure

ABSTRACTVitrification studies of actual Savannah River M-Area mixed wastes have shown that the limiting factor for high waste loading of this waste stream is its chemical durability as defined by the toxicity characteristics leaching procedure (TCLP). As part of the optimization study of Savannah River M-Area wastes, a number of additives were examined including Na2O, Li2O, B2O3, ZrO2, and TiO2. This paper reports on the effect of varying the boron to total alkali ratio and on the effect of substitutions such as ZrO2 for waste and TiO2 for SiO2 on the chemical durability and processability of M-Area waste glasses.

Liquidus Temperature and Crystallization Behavior of US Waste Glasses Investigated at KRI

2009 ◽  
Vol 1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert S. Aloy ◽  
Alexander V. Trofimenko ◽  
Valery Z. Belov ◽  
James C. Marra ◽  
Kevin M. Fox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquidus Temperature ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Borosilicate Glasses ◽  
Savannah River ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Optimization Study ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Waste Loading ◽  
River Site ◽  
Critical Process

AbstractAs a part of the optimization study for achieving the highest possible Hanford and Savannah River Site waste loading into acceptable borosilicate glasses, thirty glass compositions were selected for testing at KRI. These thirty test matrix glasses were designed to augment existing data within the compositional regions of interest with relatively high concentration of Al2O3 between 10 and 20 wt%.This paper reports experimental data on liquidus temperature (TL) and crystallization behavior of all synthesized glasses as well as durability of quenched and heat-treated glasses. The results of this study will be used to develop glass formulations for specific DOE waste streams to maintain or meet waste loading and/or waste throughput expectations while satisfying critical process and product performance related constraints.

Addressing Information Gaps in Household Waste Sorting Using a Mobile Application

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelvin Østergaard Pagels ◽  
Mikkel Bayard Rasmussen ◽  
Devarajan Ramanujan
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Application ◽  
Waste Stream ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Preliminary Survey ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Detailed Survey ◽  
Mixed Waste ◽  
Information Gaps

Abstract The Danish government has outlined a target of recycling 50% of total household waste by the year 2022. Improving household waste sorting is an important consideration towards achieving this goal. This paper focuses on understanding existing waste sorting practices among Danish residents and exploring whether a mobile application can help address any existing information gaps. We conducted a preliminary survey (N = 180) that assessed preference for sorting strategies and the types of waste sorted. Following this a more detailed survey was conducted (N = 357) that assessed residents’ motivation to sort household waste, knowledge of local sorting requirements, information gaps that prevent effective sorting, and need for specific features in a mobile application. Results show over one-third of respondents felt they needed additional waste sorting information. Respondents had fewer inaccuracies disposing items within a single waste stream (e.g., electronics waste) compared to items with mixed waste streams (e.g., milk carton with a plastic cap). Based on these findings we propose the design of a mobile application that can potentially improve household waste sorting.

Enhanced HLW Glass Formulations for the Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert A. Kruger
Keyword(s):  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Sulfur Compounds ◽  
Previous Experience ◽  
Waste Stream ◽  
Crystalline Phases ◽  
Testing Program ◽  
Glass Formulation ◽  
Waste Loading ◽  
Production Requirement ◽  
Glass Compositions

Current estimates and glass formulation efforts are conservative vis-à-vis achievable waste loadings. These formulations have been specified to ensure that glasses are homogenous, contain essentially no crystalline phases, are processable in joule-heated, ceramic-lined melters and meet WTP Contract terms. The WTP’s overall mission will require the immobilization of tank waste compositions that are dominated by mixtures of aluminum, chromium, bismuth, iron, phosphorous, zirconium, and sulfur compounds as waste-limiting components. Glass compositions for these waste mixtures have been developed based upon previous experience and current glass property models. DOE has a testing program to develop and characterize HLW glasses with higher waste loadings. This work has demonstrated the feasibility of increases in waste loading from 25 wt% to 33–50 wt% (based on oxide loading) in the glass depending on the waste stream. It is expected these higher waste loading glasses will reduce the HLW canister production requirement by 25% or more.

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