scholarly journals A Model for the Two-Phase Behavior of Fluids in Dilute Porous Media

1995 ◽  
Vol 407 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Donley ◽  
Rebecca M. Nyquist ◽  
Andrea J. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Porous Medium ◽  
Porous Media ◽  
Simple Model ◽  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Silica Aerogel ◽  
Liquid Mixture ◽  
Liquid System ◽  
Coexistence Region ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Binary Liquid

ABSTRACTExperiments show that the coexistence region of a vapor-liquid system or binary liquid mixture is dramatically narrowed when the fluid is confined in a dilute porous medium such as a silica aerogel. We propose a simple model of the gel as a periodic array of cylindrical strands, and study the phase behavior of an Ising system confined in this geometry. Our results suggest that the coexistence region should widen out at lower temperatures, and that the narrowness observed near the critical point may be a fluctuation-induced effect.

Solvent Flooding Displacement Efficiency in Relation to Ternary Phase Behavior

1972 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad H.M. Totonji ◽  
S.M. Farouq Ali
Keyword(s):  
Porous Medium ◽  
Porous Media ◽  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Ternary Phase ◽  
Ternary Systems ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Displacement Mechanism ◽  
Irreducible Water Saturation ◽  
Experimental Runs

Abstract The chief objective of the study was to exercise control on the system phase behavior through the use of mixtures of two alcohols exhibiting opposite phase behavior characteristics in the alcohol-hydrocarbon-water system involved. Such systems were employed in displacements in porous media to ascertain their effectiveness. Introduction Displacement of oil and water in a porous medium by a mutually miscible alcohol or other solvent has been the subject of numerous investigations. This process, in spite of its limited scope as an oil recovery method, has certain mechanistic features that are of value in gaining an understanding of some of the newer recovery techniques (e.g., the Maraflood* process). The works of Gatlin and Slobod, proposing piston-like displacement of oil and water by a miscible alcohol; of Taber et al., describing the displacement mechanism in terms of the ternary phase behavior involved; and of Holm and Csaszar, defining displacement mechanism in terms of phase velocity ratio, are major contributions in this area. In a later work, Taber and Meyer suggested the addition of small amounts of oil and water (as the case may be) to the alcohol used for displacement, since this helped to obtain piston-like displacements with systems that are usually characterized by the efficient displacement of either oil or water. APPARATUS, EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE, AND SIMULATOR PROCEDURE, AND SIMULATOR The procedure employed for determining the equilibrium phase behavior of ternary systems involved the titration of a hydrocarbon-water (or brine) mixture by the particular solvent (pure alcohol, or alcohol mixture) for the determination of the binodal curve, and the analysis by refractive index measurement of ternary mixtures having known compositions for the determination of the tie lines. Since the procedure is valid for strictly ternary systems, its use in this case where essentially quaternary systems are involved would yield the total alcohol content rather than the correct proportion of each alcohol. The ternary diagrams presented should be viewed with this limitation in mind. presented should be viewed with this limitation in mind. The apparatus used for experimental runs in porous media consisted of a positive displacement Ruska pump and a core encased in a steel pipe. Suitable sampling apparatus and auxiliary equipment were employed. Most runs consisted of injecting a slug of the particular solvent into a core initially containing a residual oil (waterflood) or irreducible water saturation, at a constant rate, and then following the slug by water or brine. The effluent samples collected were analyzed for the hydrocarbon, water and alcohol in order to plot the production histories. Complete experimental details and fluid production histories. Complete experimental details and fluid properties are given in Ref. 6. Table 1 lists the properties properties are given in Ref. 6. Table 1 lists the properties of the porous media used. Computer simulations of some of the experimental runs, as well as exploratory simulations, were carried out using the method earlier reported. The method basically consists in the representation of a porous medium by a certain number of cells containing immobile oil (or oleic) and water (or aqueous) fractions into which alcohol is injected in a stepwise manner allowing for phase changes. SPEJ P. 89

Estimation of the fluid-fluid interfacial area using kinetic interface sensitive tracers in dynamic porous media experiments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandru Tatomir ◽  
Huhao Gao ◽  
Hiwa Abdullah ◽  
Martin Sauter
Keyword(s):  
Porous Medium ◽  
Porous Media ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Organic Liquid ◽  
Column Experiment ◽  
Interfacial Area ◽  
Breakthrough Curves ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase

<p>Fluid-fluid interfacial area (IFA) in a two-phase flow in porous media is an important parameter for many geoscientific applications involving mass- and energy-transfer processes between the fluid-phases. Schaffer et al. (2013) introduced a new category of reactive tracers termed kinetically interface sensitive (KIS) tracers, able to quantify the size of the fluid-fluid IFA. In our previous experiments (Tatomir et al., 2018) we have demonstrated the application of the KIS tracers in a highly-controlled column experiment filled with a well-characterized porous medium consisting of well-sorted, spherical glass beads.</p><p>In this work we investigate several types of glass-bead materials and natural sands to quantitatively characterize the influence of the porous-medium grain-, pore-size and texture on the mobile interfacial area between an organic liquid and water. The fluid-fluid interfacial area is determined by interpretation of the breakthrough curves (BTCs) of the reaction product of the KIS tracer. When the tracer which is dissolved in the non-wetting phase meets the water, an irreversible hydrolysis process begins leading to the formation of two water-soluble products. For the experiments we use a peristaltic pump and a high precision injection pump to control the injection rate of the organic liquid and tracer.</p><p>A Darcy-scale numerical model is used to simulate the immiscible displacement process coupled with the reactive tracer transport across the fluid-fluid interface. The results show that the current reactive transport model is not always capable to reproduce the breakthrough curves of tracer experiments and that a new theoretical framework may be required.</p><p>Investigations of the role of solid surface area of the grains show that the grain surface roughness has an important influence on the IFA. . Furthermore, a linear relationship between the mobile capillary associated IFA and the inverse mean grain diameter can be established. The results are compared with the data collected from literature measured with high resolution microtomography and partitioning tracer methods. The capillary associated IFA values are consistently smaller because KIS tracers measure the mobile part of the interface. Through this study the applicability range of the KIS tracers is considerably expanded and the confidence in the robustness of the method is improved.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p>Schaffer M, Maier F, Licha T, Sauter M (2013) A new generation of tracers for the characterization of interfacial areas during supercritical carbon dioxide injections into deep saline aquifers: Kinetic interface-sensitive tracers (KIS tracer). International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 14:200–208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2013.01.020</p><p>Tatomir A, Vriendt KD, Zhou D, et al (2018) Kinetic Interface Sensitive Tracers: Experimental Validation in a Two-Phase Flow Column Experiment. A Proof of Concept. Water Resources Research 54:10,223-10,241. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018WR022621</p>

Two-phase gravity currents in porous media

2011 ◽  
Vol 678 ◽  
pp. 248-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
MADELEINE J. GOLDING ◽  
JEROME A. NEUFELD ◽  
MARC A. HESSE ◽  
HERBERT E. HUPPERT
Keyword(s):  
Porous Medium ◽  
Porous Media ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Gravity Current ◽  
Capillary Forces ◽  
Gravity Currents ◽  
Flow In Porous Media ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Residual Trapping

We develop a model describing the buoyancy-driven propagation of two-phase gravity currents, motivated by problems in groundwater hydrology and geological storage of carbon dioxide (CO2). In these settings, fluid invades a porous medium saturated with an immiscible second fluid of different density and viscosity. The action of capillary forces in the porous medium results in spatial variations of the saturation of the two fluids. Here, we consider the propagation of fluid in a semi-infinite porous medium across a horizontal, impermeable boundary. In such systems, once the aspect ratio is large, fluid flow is mainly horizontal and the local saturation is determined by the vertical balance between capillary and gravitational forces. Gradients in the hydrostatic pressure along the current drive fluid flow in proportion to the saturation-dependent relative permeabilities, thus determining the shape and dynamics of two-phase currents. The resulting two-phase gravity current model is attractive because the formalism captures the essential macroscopic physics of multiphase flow in porous media. Residual trapping of CO2 by capillary forces is one of the key mechanisms that can permanently immobilize CO2 in the societally important example of geological CO2 sequestration. The magnitude of residual trapping is set by the areal extent and saturation distribution within the current, both of which are predicted by the two-phase gravity current model. Hence the magnitude of residual trapping during the post-injection buoyant rise of CO2 can be estimated quantitatively. We show that residual trapping increases in the presence of a capillary fringe, despite the decrease in average saturation.

Phase separation of a binary liquid mixture in a porous medium

1987 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 1008-1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cynthia Goh ◽  
Walter I. Goldburg ◽  
Charles M. Knobler
Keyword(s):  
Porous Medium ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Liquid Mixture ◽  
Binary Liquid Mixture ◽  
Binary Liquid

Retrograde Condensation in Porous Media

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. 93-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.M. Sigmund ◽  
P.M. Dranchuk ◽  
N.R. Morrow ◽  
R.A. Purvis
Keyword(s):  
Porous Medium ◽  
Porous Media ◽  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Gas Condensate ◽  
Hydrocarbon Mixtures ◽  
Equilibrium Behavior ◽  
Miscible Displacements ◽  
Dry Sand ◽  
Gas Drive ◽  
Research Institute

SIGMUND, P.M., PETROLEUM RECOVERY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, CALGARY, ALTA., CANADA PETROLEUM RECOVERY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, CALGARY, ALTA., CANADA DRANCHUK, P.M., MEMBER SPE-AIME, U. OF ALBERTA EDMONTON, ALTA., CANADA MORROW, N.R., MEMBER SPE-AIME, PETROLEUM RECOVERY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, CALGARY, ALTA., CANADA PETROLEUM RECOVERY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, CALGARY, ALTA., CANADA PURVIS, R.A., MEMBERS SPE-AIME, PURVIS, R.A., MEMBERS SPE-AIME, ENERGY RESOURCES CONSERVATION BOARD, CALGARY, ALTA., CANADA Abstract The effect of porous media on the phase behavior of hydrocarbon binaries was investigated both experimentally and theoretically. When liquid and vapor coexist in a porous medium, the interlace between them will be curved. Calculations of the effect of curvature on phase behavior show that equilibrium composition and Pressures would not be disturbed significantly except at very high surface curvatures. Such curvatures are unlikely in hydrocarbon reservoirs even where clay-size particles are present because the finest pores will particles are present because the finest pores will be occupied by connate water. Measured dewpoint or bubblepoint pressures were found to be independent of the presence of porous media. Liquid saturations calculated from previous conventional phase behavior studies were compared with saturations calculated from the dimensions of a limited number of capillary structures which could be observed through the sight glass of a Jerguson cell. Saturations calculated from conventional phase-equilibrium data fell between saturations phase-equilibrium data fell between saturations calculated with The assumption that all capillary structures had equal curvature and those calculated with the assumption that they bad equal volumes. Introduction Reservoir engineering frequently involves the use of pressure-volume-temperature (PVT) relationships for hydrocarbon mixtures. Examples arise in reservoirs, and gas-drive miscible displacements, condensation and revaporization in gas condensate reservoirs, and gas-drive miscible displacements. The PVT relationships used in such engineering calculations are usually based on measurements on equilibrium behavior of hydrocarbon mixtures contained in PVT cells. For some time there has been question as to whether phase - behavior calculations made on data measured in such cells would correctly represent the behavior of hydrocarbon mixtures held within the interstices of porous reservoir rocks. The results of several recently reported experimental studies indicate that the presence of a porous medium has a significant influence presence of a porous medium has a significant influence on the equilibrium behavior of hydrocarbon mixtures. Trebin and Zadora contend that the initial condensation pressures (dew points) of gas condensate mixtures in pressures (dew points) of gas condensate mixtures in porous media can be 10 to 15 percent higher than those porous media can be 10 to 15 percent higher than those observed in conventional PVT cells. Tindy and Raynal reported that saturation pressures of crude oil in porous media were several percent higher than those porous media were several percent higher than those measured in conventional test cells. On the other hand, earlier results reported by Weinaug and Cordell indicated that vapor-liquid equilibrium relationships of the system methane-n-butane and methane-n-pentane were not affected by the presence of dry sand. Oxford and Huntington studied the revaporization of n-hexane by nitrogen and found that withdrawal rate and the presence of brine in the porous medium had little effect on the revaporization process. In a study of the effects of wettability change, process. In a study of the effects of wettability change, Smith and Yarborough concluded that the detailed form of the capillary structures of retrograde liquid held in a porous medium had no effect on the revaporization process. porous medium had no effect on the revaporization process. Clark studied the adsorption and desorption of light paraffinic hydrocarbons in clay and partially water-saturated paraffinic hydrocarbons in clay and partially water-saturated sand and sand-clay packs to determine their effect on equilibrium behavior. Compressibility factors for propane at 100 degrees F in the presence of dry sand-clay propane at 100 degrees F in the presence of dry sand-clay packs were lowered by 13 percent. However, in sand-clay packs were lowered by 13 percent. However, in sand-clay mixtures containing water, the compressibilities differed by less than 1 percent from those obtained in the absence of the porous media. Clark also studied effect of a dry sand-clay media on the PVT properties of mixtures of methane and propane. Only small changes were observed, and these were considered to be inconclusive - partly because the fluid was not recirculated through the porous media to ensure homogeneity. In summary, porous media to ensure homogeneity. In summary, evidence for the effect of porous media on equilibrium behavior is somewhat contradictory. SPEJ P. 93

scholarly journals Interfacial tension of two-phase water-alkene binary liquid system.

1990 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunsuke Nakahara ◽  
Hiroshi Masamoto ◽  
Yasuhiko Arai
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Liquid System ◽  
Binary Liquid System ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Binary Liquid ◽  
Phase Water

scholarly journals Numerical Study of the Effect of Magnetic Field on Nanofluid Heat Transfer in Metal Foam Environment

Geofluids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Hamid Shafiee ◽  
Elaheh NikzadehAbbasi ◽  
Majid Soltani
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Porous Medium ◽  
Porous Media ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Computational Simulation ◽  
Thermodynamic Efficiency ◽  
Two Phase

The magnetic field can act as a suitable control parameter for heat transfer and fluid flow. It can also be used to maximize thermodynamic efficiency in a variety of fields. Nanofluids and porous media are common methods to increase heat transfer. In addition to improving heat transfer, porous media can increase pressure drop. This research is a computational simulation of the impacts of a magnetic field induced into a cylinder in a porous medium for a volume fraction of 0.2 water/Al2O3 nanofluid with a diameter of 10 μm inside the cylinder. For a wide variety of controlling parameters, simulations have been made. The fluid flow in the porous medium is explained using the Darcy-Brinkman-Forchheimer equation, and the nanofluid flow is represented utilizing a two-phase mixed approach as a two-phase flow. In addition, simulations were run in a slow flow state using the finite volume method. The mean Nusselt number and performance evaluation criteria (PEC) were studied for different Darcy and Hartmann numbers. The results show that the amount of heat transfer coefficient increases with increasing the number of Hartmann and Darcy. In addition, the composition of the nanofluid in the base fluid enhanced the PEC in all instances. Furthermore, the PEC has gained its highest value at the conditions relating to the permeable porous medium.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF THE FRACTIONAL-DIFFERENTIAL APPROACH IMPLEMENTATION TO DESCRIBE THE PROCESS OF FEEDING A TWO-PHASE ZONE DURING SOLIDIFICATION OF METALS AND ALLOYS

2021 ◽  
pp. 88-91
Author(s):  
Tatjana Selivyorstova ◽  
Vadim Selivyorstov ◽  
Yuliia Mala
Keyword(s):  
Porous Medium ◽  
Porous Media ◽  
Nonlinear Equation ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Phase Zone ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Diffusion Type ◽  
Differential Approach ◽  
Fractional Differential

To describe filtration processes in complex dendritic-porous media, a number of fractional-differential mathematical models of diffusion type have been proposed.A nonlinear equation containing fractional Riemann-Liouville derivatives with respect to time is described, which can be used to correctly describe the single-phase filtration of a non-Newtonian fluid in a porous medium.

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