Material Requirements for Lithium-Ion Batteries

1995 ◽  
Vol 393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Like Xie ◽  
David Fouchard ◽  
Sid Megahed
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Cellular Phones ◽  
Lithium Electrode ◽  
Lithium Ion Cells ◽  
Oxide Cathodes ◽  
Lithium Metal Anodes ◽  
Carbon Anodes ◽  
Modest Reduction

ABSTRACTLithium-ion (or ‘rocking-chair’) batteries with lithiated oxide cathodes and carbon anodes are finding increasing acceptance in many electronic applications including low rates (e.g., memory backup, real time clock, bridge function) and high rates (e.g., laptop computers, cellular phones, camcorders, etc.). This technology offers significant improvements in safety relative to cells using lithium metal anodes, with only a modest reduction in energy density. In general, materials for lithium-ion cells are chosen to minimize the energy density penalties associated with replacing the lithium electrode with an intercalation electrode. In this review paper, we describe the properties of the cathode, anode and electrolyte, and discuss requirements for improved materials for advanced lithium-ion systems. Consideration is given to energy density, rate capability, cycleability and thermal stability.

Factors Influencing the Lithium Extraction Rate in Layered Oxide Cathodes of Lithium Ion Cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 835 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Manthiram ◽  
J. Choi
Keyword(s):  
Rate Capability ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Lithium Ion Cells ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Cation Disorder ◽  
Oxide Cathodes ◽  
End Members ◽  
Layered Oxide Cathodes ◽  
Acetonitrile Medium

ABSTRACTThe lithium extraction rate and the rate capability of layered LiNi0.5–0.5yMn0.5–0.5yCoyO2 with 0 ≤ y ≤ 1 have been investigated, respectively, by chemically extracting lithium with the oxidizer NO2BF4 in acetonitrile medium and electrochemically discharging at various C-rates. Both the chemical lithium extraction rate and the electrochemical rate capability are found to increase with increasing Co content y in LiNi0.5–0.5yMn0.5–0.5yCoyO2. While no clear relationship is seen between electrical conductivity and the rate capability, increasing cation disorder between the lithium and transition metal planes with decreasing Co content is found to decrease the chemical lithium extraction rate and rate capability. The lithium extraction rate also influences the structure (P3 vs O1 vs O3) of the end members Ni0.5–0.5yMn0.5–0.5yCoyO2-δ obtained by extracting all the lithium with 100 % excess NO2BF4 in an acetonitrile medium.

scholarly journals The Ultrafast Laser Ablation of Li(Ni0.6Mn0.2Co0.2)O2 Electrodes with High Mass Loading

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (19) ◽  
pp. 4067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penghui Zhu ◽  
Hans Jürgen Seifert ◽  
Wilhelm Pfleging
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Thick Film ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Discharge Capacity ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Ultrafast Laser ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Simultaneous Increase

Lithium-ion batteries have become the most promising energy storage devices in recent years. However, the simultaneous increase of energy density and power density is still a huge challenge. Ultrafast laser structuring of electrodes is feasible to increase power density of lithium-ion batteries by improving the lithium-ion diffusion kinetics. The influences of laser processing pattern and film thickness on the rate capability and energy density were investigated using Li(Ni0.6Mn0.2Co0.2)O2 (NMC 622) as cathode material. NMC 622 electrodes with thicknesses from 91 µm to 250 µm were prepared, while line patterns with pitch distances varying from 200 µm to 600 µm were applied. The NMC 622 cathodes were assembled opposing lithium using coin cell design. Cells with structured, 91 µm thick film cathodes showed lesser capacity losses with C-rates 3C compared to cells with unstructured cathode. Cells with 250 µm thick film cathode showed higher discharge capacity with low C-rates of up to C/5, and the structured cathodes showed higher discharge capacity, with C-rates of up to 1C. However, the discharge capacity deteriorated with higher C-rate. An appropriate choice of laser generated patterns and electrode thickness depends on the requested battery application scenario; i.e., charge/discharge rate and specific/volumetric energy density.

Nanorod-like Ni-rich layered cathode with enhanced Li+ diffusion pathway for high-performance lithium-ion batteries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangkun Li ◽  
Zhengbo Liu ◽  
Jiadong Shen ◽  
Xijun Xu ◽  
Liyan Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Cathode Materials ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Layered Oxide ◽  
Diffusion Pathway ◽  
Oxide Cathodes ◽  
Layered Oxide Cathodes

Ni-rich LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2 (x 0.6) layered oxide cathodes are one of the most promising cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries owing to their superior capacity, prominent energy density and low cost. However,...

scholarly journals New dry carbon nanotube coating of over-lithiated layered oxide cathode for lithium ion batteries

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (46) ◽  
pp. 19670-19677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junyoung Mun ◽  
Jin-Hwan Park ◽  
Wonchang Choi ◽  
Anass Benayad ◽  
Jun-Ho Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Multiwall Carbon Nanotube ◽  
High Rate Capability ◽  
Oxide Cathode ◽  
Multiwall Carbon

For high rate capability and energy density of lithium ion batteries, over-lithiated layered cathodes coated by multiwall carbon nanotube were prepared by a novel dry method without decay in the structure.

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