Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals for Nonlinear Optics: can we Really do It?

1995 ◽  
Vol 392 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Walba ◽  
Daniel J. Dyer ◽  
Peter L. Cobben ◽  
Teresa Sierra ◽  
James A. Rego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Polar Axis ◽  
Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals ◽  
Polar Structure ◽  
Molecular Dipole ◽  
Electro Optic ◽  
Interesting Candidate ◽  
Disperse Red 1 ◽  
Initial Results

AbstractFerroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs) are true liquids with a thermodynamically stable polar structure. Furthermore, in some systems excellent polar stereocontrol has been demonstrated (> 80% of the molecular dipole oriented along the polar axis with infinite “thermal stability”). These properties make FLCs an interesting candidate for second order NLO applications. However, until now the orientation of organic functional arrays with “large β”, typified by the disperse red 1 (DRI) chromophore, has not been demonstrated.Herein we report the initial results of a study directed towards providing a solution to this problem. Specifically, a new FLC dopant wherein the DRI chromophore (p-nitro-p'-dialkyl-aminoazobenzene unit) is oriented along the polar axis in FLC mixtures up to 30% by weight is described. These results suggest that it will be possible to obtain FLCs with good stereocontrolled orientation of large β functional arrays. Given that hybrid VLSI silicon/FLC optical chips are under intense investigation as micro-displays, and manufacturing issues for this class of devices are being addressed in the display context, the materials presented here suggest VLSI/FLC chips may be useful as high speed electro-optic modulators as well.

High-speed electro-optic switch using buried electrode structure in polymer Mach–Zehnder waveguide

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (06) ◽  
pp. 1650063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingwen Sun ◽  
Jian Sun ◽  
Yunji Yi ◽  
Lucheng Qv ◽  
Shiqi Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insertion Loss ◽  
Rise Time ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Characteristic Parameters ◽  
Electrode Structure ◽  
Processing Cost ◽  
Electro Optic ◽  
Disperse Red 1 ◽  
Excellent Photostability

A low-cost and high-speed electro-optic (EO) switch using the guest–host EO material Disperse Red 1/Polymethyl Methacrylate (DR1/PMMA) was designed and fabricated. The DR1/PMMA material presented a low processing cost, an excellent photostability and a large EO coefficient of 13.1 pm/V. To improve the performance of the switch, the in-plane buried electrode structure was introduced in the polymer Mach–Zehnder waveguide to improve the poling and modulating efficiency. The characteristic parameters of the waveguide and the electrodes were carefully designed and the fabrication process was strictly controlled. Under 1550 nm, the insertion loss of the device was 12.7 dB. The measured switching rise time and fall time of the switch were 50.00 ns and 54.29 ns, respectively.

Electro-optic pulse response of ferroelectric liquid crystals

1989 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. C. Saunders ◽  
J. R. Hughes ◽  
H. A. Pedlingham ◽  
M. J. Towler
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Pulse Response ◽  
Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals ◽  
Electro Optic

Room temperature 10 MHz electro‐optic modulation in ferroelectric liquid crystals

1993 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 934-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian‐Yu Liu ◽  
Kristina M. Johnson ◽  
Michael G. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals ◽  
Electro Optic

Electro-Optic Modulation of Light by a Planar Waveguide Based on Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals

2000 ◽  
Vol 352 (1) ◽  
pp. 379-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Sparre Hermann ◽  
Francesco De Marco ◽  
Giusy Scalia ◽  
Luigi Sirleto ◽  
Giancarlo Righini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Planar Waveguide ◽  
Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals ◽  
Electro Optic

Design and synthesis of ferroelectric liquid crystals. 24. Incorporation of the disperse red 1 chromophqre into side-by-side dimers for nonlinear optics

1995 ◽  
Vol 413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Dyer ◽  
Renfan Shao ◽  
Noel A. Clark ◽  
David M. Walba
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Supermolecular Structure ◽  
Polar Axis ◽  
Nonlinear Susceptibility ◽  
Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals ◽  
Structural Class ◽  
Polar Order ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Smectic C

ABSTRACTWith excellent processibility on silicon integrated circuits and thermodynamically stable polar order, ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs) show great potential as components of fast integrated electro-optic modulators. In order to realize this potential, however, an increase in the magnitude of the electronic secona order nonlinear susceptibility χ(2) is required. This has been problematical since functional arrays with large molecular second order susceptibility β orient with improper supermolecular stereocontrol (i.e. with the charge transfer axis normal to the polar axis) when incorporated into traditional FLC structures. Herein we present examples of a new LC structural class designed to achieve the proper supermolecular structure for large χ(2) in FLCs. The observed sign and magnitude of the ferroelectric polarization of the new mesogens extrapolated from smectic C* mixtures is fully consistent with the desired supermolecular structure.

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