Fullerene-Based Catalysts for Methane Activation

1994 ◽  
Vol 349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Jung Wu ◽  
Albert S. Hirschon ◽  
Ripudaman Malhotra ◽  
Robert B. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Methane Conversion ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Methane Activation ◽  
Minimal Amount ◽  
Fullerene Soot ◽  
Conversion Of Methane ◽  
Higher Hydrocarbons

ABSTRACTWe investigated fullerene based catalysts for the conversion of methane into higher hydrocarbons. Fullerene soot, CO2 activated soot, and extracted soot as well as a Norit-A carbon were examined as catalysts for methane activation. The soot was found to easily activate the C-H bond of methane, allowing methane conversion at lower temperatures (lower by 250°C) than found under purely thermal conditions. Furthermore, soot catalysis appears to produce a minimal amount of aromatic hydrocarbons. Extracted soot was found to have a lower selectivity for C2 hydrocarbons than the non-extracted soot, and the CO2 activation of the soot did not appear to dramatically alter the catalytic activity.

Gibbs Energy Minimization Method for Analysis of Methane Oxidation to Higher Hydrocarbons

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Aishah Saidina Amin ◽  
Ee Peng Soon
Keyword(s):  
Gibbs Energy ◽  
Methane Oxidation ◽  
Energy Minimization ◽  
Methane Conversion ◽  
Minimization Method ◽  
Gibbs Energy Minimization ◽  
System Pressure ◽  
Conversion Of Methane ◽  
Higher Hydrocarbons ◽  
Energy Minimization Method

Kaedah peminimuman jumlah tenaga Gibbs sangat berguna untuk menganalisis kemungkinan penukaran metana kepada hidrokarbon dan syngas pada suhu dan tekanan tertentu secara teoritikal. Keputusan numerik menunjukkan penukaran metana meningkat dengan peningkatan kepekatan oksigen dan suhu tindak balas. Bagaimanapun, kehadiran oksigen merencat pembentukan hidrokarbon tinggi yang kebanyakannya mengandungi aromatik, tetapi menggalakkan pembentukan hidrogen. Apabila tekanan sistem bertambah, hasil aromatik, olefin dan hidrogen berkurang, tetapi hasil parafin meningkat. Karbon monoksida menjadi produk mengandungi oksigen yang utama daripada pengoksidaan metana sementara hampir tiada H2O, CH3OH and HCOH yang dikesan walaupun sejumlah kecil karbon dioksida terbentuk pada suhu yang agak rendah dan tekanan tinggi. Kata kunci: Keseimbangan kimia termodinamik, peminimuman jumlah tenaga Gibbs, penukaran metana, hidrokarbon tinggi The total Gibbs energy minimization method is useful to theoretically analyze the feasibility of methane conversion to higher hydrocarbons and syngas at the selected temperature and pressure. Numerical results showed that the conversion of methane increased with oxygen concentration and reaction temperature, but decreased with pressure. Nevertheless, the presence of oxygen suppressed the formation of higher hydrocarbons that mostly consisted of aromatics, but enhanced the formation of hydrogen. As the system pressure increased, the aromatics, olefins and hydrogen yields diminished, but the paraffin yield improved. Carbon monoxide seemed to be the major oxygen-containing equilibrium product from methane oxidation whilst almost no H2O, CH3OH and HCOH were detected although traces amount of carbon dioxide were formed at relatively lower emperature and higher pressure. Key words: Thermodynamic chemical equilibrium, Gibbs energy minimization, methane conversion, higher hydrocarbons

Rationally designing mixed Cu–(μ-O)–M (M = Cu, Ag, Zn, Au) centers over zeolite materials with high catalytic activity towards methane activation

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (41) ◽  
pp. 26522-26531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guiru Wang ◽  
Ling Huang ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Jian Zhou ◽  
Anmin Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Direct Conversion ◽  
Methane Activation ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Conversion Of Methane ◽  
First Time ◽  
Periodic Dft

The direct conversion of methane to methanol on [Cu(μ-O)M]2+ (M = Cu, Ag, Zn, Au) bimetal centers in ZSM-5 zeolite is investigated using periodic DFT for the first time.

Unprecedentedly high efficiency for photocatalytic conversion of methane to methanol over Au–Pd/TiO2 – what is the role of each component in the system?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojiao Cai ◽  
Siyuan Fang ◽  
Yun Hang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Methane Conversion ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
System P ◽  
Conversion Of Methane

Direct and highly efficient methane conversion to methanol under mild conditions is achieved via photocatalysis over Au–Pd/TiO2.

Pyrolysis of Methane to Higher Hydrocarbons: A Thermodynamic Study

1989 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 1655 ◽  
Author(s):  
FP Larkins ◽  
AZ Khan
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Pressure Range ◽  
Solid Carbon ◽  
Free Energies ◽  
Oxidation Of Methane ◽  
Conversion Of Methane ◽  
Equilibrium Conversion ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
Higher Hydrocarbons ◽  
The Individual

Some basic thermodynamic parameters such as Gibbs free energies, enthalpies of reactions and equilibrium compositions of products from the pyrolysis and partial oxidation of methane to higher hydrocarbons in the gas phase have been determined within a consistent framework for the temperature range 800-1500 K and the pressure range 0.1-3 MPa , by using the CSIRO-SGTE THERMODATA system. It has been established that the pyrolysis of methane to higher hydrocarbons, e.g. acetylene, ethylene, ethane, prop-1-ene, propane, benzene, toluene, naphthalene, 1-methylnaphthalene and 2-methylnaphthalene, considered as separate reactions, is a highly endothermic reaction with the Gibbs free energies for the individual reactions being positive until 1300 K. The aromatics are thermodynamically most favoured with the equilibrium yields increasing with temperature. Addition of O2 lowers the heats of synthesis and the free energies for methane conversion but no enhancement in the equilibrium yields of hydrocarbons is observed. When solid carbon is allowed, it is the dominant product in all cases with the equilibrium yields for all hydrocarbons becoming negligible. Increasing the pressure at a particular temperature has more effect on the lowering of the equilibrium conversion of methane than on the suppression of solid carbon. Such data are valuable for understanding the conversion limits for methane into higher hydrocarbons.

DIRECT CATALYTIC CONVERSION OF METHANE TO HIGHER HYDROCARBONS

1987 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasad S. Yarlagadda ◽  
Lawrence A. Morton ◽  
Norman R. Hunter ◽  
Hyman D. Gesser
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Conversion ◽  
Conversion Of Methane ◽  
Higher Hydrocarbons

scholarly journals The effect of ultraviolet lasers on conversion of methane into higher hydrocarbons

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.A. Navid ◽  
E. Irani ◽  
R. Sadighi-Bonabi
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Nd:Yag Laser ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Third Harmonic ◽  
Effect Of Pressure ◽  
Laser Parameters ◽  
Conversion Of Methane ◽  
Ultraviolet Lasers ◽  
Higher Hydrocarbons

AbstractConversion of CH4molecule into higher hydrocarbons using two different wavelengths of 248 nm KrF laser and 355 nm of third harmonic of Nd:YAG laser is studied experimentally and theoretically. The stable products are analyzed and the effect of pressure on conversion of methane is measured. The detected reaction products are C2H2, C2H4, and C2H6. The conversion efficiency of 33.5% for 355 nm in comparison to 2.2% conversion for 248 nm for C2H2is achieved. The potential of laser parameters as an important variable in controlling of final products is investigated.

scholarly journals On the Mechanism of Methane Conversion in the Nonсatalytic Processes of Its Thermal Pyrolysis and Steam and Carbon Dioxide Reforming

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Busillo ◽  
V. I. Savchenko ◽  
V. S. Arutyunov
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Methane Conversion ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Reforming ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Thermal Pyrolysis ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Conversion Of Methane ◽  
Exponential Factors ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract A detailed kinetic modeling of the noncatalytic processes of thermal pyrolysis and steam and carbon dioxide reforming of methane revealed almost completely identical kinetics of the methane conversion in these processes. This suggests that, in the temperature range 1400–1800 K, the initial stage of conversion of methane in all these processes is its thermal pyrolysis. The modeling results agree well with the experimental data on methane pyrolysis. For the temperature range examined, the Arrhenius expressions (pre-exponential factors and activation energy) were obtained in the first-order kinetics approximation for the rate of methane conversion in the processes studied. The expressions derived may be useful for making preliminary estimates and carrying out engineering calculations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document