Epitaxy in the Crystallization of Feldspar Gels and Glasses

1994 ◽  
Vol 346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunling Liu ◽  
Sridhar Komarneni ◽  
Rustum Roy
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometry ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Crystallization Product ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Seeding Effect ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACTThe crystallization behaviors of stoichiometric feldspar gels and glasses before and after seeding have been compared, and the role of epitaxy in their crystallization upon seeding has been studied. The crystallization products were mainly determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and epitaxy upon seeding was examined with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). It was found that upon isostructural seeding, Na-and K-feldspars crystallized epitaxially from their gels and/or glasses. Little or no seeding effect was found in CaAl2Si2O8 and SrAl2Si2O8 gels and glasses. Isostructural seeding in BaAl2Si2O8 gels increased the formation of Ba-feldspar (monoclinic celsian) epitaxially, whereas without seeding hexacelsian was the crystallization product.

The Effect of CaCO3 Addition on Physical Properties of ZnO-Based Crystal Glaze

2012 ◽  
Vol 620 ◽  
pp. 12-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Rashid Jamaludin ◽  
Shah Rizal Kasim ◽  
Zainal Arifin Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Crystallization Temperature ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

The effects of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) addition on the physical properties of ZnO-based crystal glaze batches were investigated. Samples were fired at different gloss firing temperatures ranging from 1180-1220°C with 3 hours soaking at 1060°C crystallization temperature. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis identifiedthe crystal phase occurred as willemite (Zn2SiO4) and the scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis indicated that willemite crystals are in the acicular needle like shape that formed spherulite. The intensities of willemite peaks decreased with CaCO3 addition and completely vanished at 5.0 wt% CaCO3. Varied formation of spherulites developed of the surface of crystal glaze as the flows of the glaze stretched further as the amount of CaCO3 increased.

Characterization of the Specificity in Three Commercial Dental Ceramic Powders

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 707-710
Author(s):  
Horia Manolea ◽  
Mirela Opri ◽  
Nicoleta Cioatera ◽  
Adriana Voinea ◽  
Radu Rica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Sintered Material ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Dental Ceramics ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ceramic Powders ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

The aim of this study was to present and discuss the characteristics of three ceramic powders as well as the sintered material from the three commercial dental ceramics produced by Vita Zahnfabrik, Germany (VM13 and VMK Master, used for veneering metal frameworks, respectivelly VM9 used for veneering zirconia frameworks). An X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed, Raman spectra were recorded and the morphology of the samples was evidenced by using a high resolution scanning electron microscope, equipped with an EDXS detector. The results of this study corroborated with the presented literature data helps practitioners to better understand the interaction of these biomaterials with oral tissues, and, also helps researchers to modify the properties of ceramics for a better integration in the intraoral condition.

The Effect of Regeneration Conditions on the Properties of CeO2 Desulfurization Sorbent in SO2 Atmosphere

2017 ◽  
Vol 896 ◽  
pp. 155-161
Author(s):  
Lei Yang ◽  
Shang Guan Ju ◽  
Hui Qing Wang ◽  
Jia An ◽  
Jun Ming Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Regeneration Condition ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Scanning Electron

CeO2 desulfurization sorbent was prepared by calcination of Ce(NO3)3 ● 6H2O and the effect of regeneration conditions on its properties in SO2 atmosphere was investigated in a fixed bed reactor. The regeneration conversion and the yield of elemental sulfur for CeO2 desulfurization sorbent were tested and calculated. And the composition and the morphology of CeO2 desulfurization sorbent before and after regeneration were obtained by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope. It was found that the main components of the regeneration products of Ce2O desulfurization sorbent were solid CeO2 and gaseous elemental S in SO2 atmosphere. The optimum regeneration condition of CeO2 desulfurization sorbent is that the regeneration temperature of 750 °C and the SO2 concentration of 4.25 %, under which the CeO2 desulfurization sorbent shows the higher regeneration conversion of 96 % and the yield of elemental sulfur of 68.95 wt. %.

scholarly journals The Comparative PDT Experiment of the Inactivation of HL60 on Modified TiO2Nanoparticles

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaiqi Lu ◽  
Qiyun He ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Baoquan Ai ◽  
Jianwen Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Leukemia Cells ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ultrasonic Methods ◽  
Photocatalytic Inactivation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Inactivation Effect ◽  
Scanning Electron

Four samples of modified titanium dioxide (TiO2), Fe/TiO2(2 wt%), Fe/TiO2(5 wt%), and 5-ALA/TiO2, were experimented in photodynamic therapy (PDT) on leukemia cells HL60, performing promising photocatalytic inactivation effect. Fe/TiO2and 5-ALA/TiO2were synthesized in methods of precipitation and ultrasonic methods, respectively. X-ray diffraction spectra and UV-Vis spectra were studied for the samples’ crystalline phase and redshift of absorption peak. Further, FTIR spectra and Raman spectra were obtained to examine the combination of 5-aminolevulinic (5-ALA) and TiO2nanoparticles. The toxicity of these four kinds of nanoparticles was studied through darkroom experiments. And based on the concentration which caused the same toxic effect (90%) on HL60, PDT experiments of TiO2, Fe/TiO2(2%), Fe/TiO2(5%), and ALA/TiO2were done, resulting in the fact that the photokilling efficiency was 69.7%, 71.6%, 72%, and 80.6%, respectively. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the samples were also taken to study the morphology of HL60 cells before and after PDT, resulting in the fact the activation of the modified TiO2from PDT was the main cause of cell apoptosis.

EFFECT OF EXCESS BISMUTH ON THE SYNTHESIS OF BISMUTH SILICATE (Bi4Si3O12) POLYCRYSTALS

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (08) ◽  
pp. 2093-2099 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. KAEWKHAO ◽  
N. UDOMKAN ◽  
W. CHEWPRADITKUL ◽  
P. LIMSUWAN
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Bismuth Silicate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structure And Morphology ◽  
Crystallization Morphology ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this study, the effect of bismuth content on the crystal structure and morphology of bismuth silicate ( BSO:Bi 4 Si 3 O 12) polycrystals were investigated with X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and scanning electron microscope (SEM). BSO materials have been successfully prepared by the solid-state reaction. The BSO phase was crystallized at 950°C for 12 h. In summary, 10% of excess bismuth was found to be the optimum composition with respect to crystallization, morphology, and grain size.

The Characteristic of Surface Layers on Austenitic Stainless Steel after Glow-Discharge Nitriding Process

2010 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 165-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Sitko ◽  
Marek Szkodo ◽  
Maria Gazda
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Diffusion Layers ◽  
Chemical Constitution ◽  
Scanning Electron

This paper presents investigation of surface layers. The diffusion layers were produced by using different parameters of reactive atmosphere (N2:H2). The research of the surface layers was performed using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results of energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis are presented. Research reveals the influence of chemical constitution of reactive atmosphere on the change of properties of nitrided layers.

CuO Microspheres Synthesized via the Easy Hydrothermal Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 84-87
Author(s):  
Xiao Ming Fu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cuo Microspheres ◽  
Scanning Electron

CuO microspheres are successfully synthesized with CuCl2 as copper source and Na2CO3 as auxiliary salt at 240 °C for 24 h via the easy hydrothermal method. The phase and the morphologies of the samples have been characterized and analyzed by XRD (X-ray diffraction) and SEM (Scanning electron microscope), respectively. XRD analysis shows that the phase of as obtained samples is CuO. SEM analysis confirms that the increase of the reaction time, the reaction temperature and the auxiliary salt is propitious to synthesize CuO microspheres.

Study of the mechanism for controlled crystallization of BaF2 under two kinds of monolayers

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 2415-2420 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Lu ◽  
H. Cui ◽  
W. Li ◽  
H. Zhang ◽  
S. Xi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Specific Interaction ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Degree Of Ionization ◽  
Detailed Mechanism ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lattice Matching ◽  
Controlled Crystallization ◽  
Scanning Electron

Controlled crystallization of BaF2 under two different kinds of monolayers, octadecylamine [CH3(CH2)17NH2] and hexadecanol [CH3(CH2)14CH2OH], has been studied by using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope. It was found that the monolayer headgroup, the degree of ionization of the headgroup, etc., had a complicated effect on the selectivity of monolayers for crystal and on the morphology and orientation of crystals grown under the compressed monolayers. At pH = 7.0, XRD analysis showed that (100)-oriented BaF2 crystals were formed under the octadecylamine monolayer, while several kinds of crystals were found under the hexadecanol monolayer. In comparison, at pH = 8.5, both (100)-oriented BaF2 and (111)-oriented Ba(NO3)2 crystals were obtained under the monolayer of octadecylamine. However, crystals formed under hexadecanol monolayer consist of BaF2, Ba(NO3)2, etc. The detailed mechanism for crystallization was discussed in terms of the specific interaction and lattice matching between the monolayer headgroup and the nucleating species.

Synthesis of CuO Flower-Nanostructure via the Hydrothermal Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 873 ◽  
pp. 131-134
Author(s):  
Xiao Ming Fu ◽  
Jie Ren
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

CuO flower-nanostructures are successfully synthesized with CuCl2 as copper source and Na2CO3 as auxiliary salt at 180 °C for 24 h via the simple hydrothermal method. The phase and the morphologies of the samples have been characterized and analyzed by XRD (X-ray diffraction) and SEM (Scanning electron microscope), respectively. XRD analysis shows that the phase of as obtained samples is CuO. SEM analysis confirms that the increase of the reaction temperature is propitious to synthesize CuO flower-nanostructures while the increase of the reaction time is not in favor of their synthesis. The influence of the increase of the auxiliary salt on the morphology of CuO flower-nanostructures is not remarkable. The mechanism of the formation of CuO flower-nanostructure is discussed.

The Influence of the Hydrothermal Temperature on the Morphologies of β-Ni(OH)2 Nanospheres and Nanoflakes

2012 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 376-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Ming Fu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hydrothermal Temperature ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Low Reaction Temperature ◽  
Scanning Electron

β-Ni(OH)2 nanospheres and nanoflakes have been successfully synthesized with nickel nitrate as nickel source and stronger ammonia water as precipitant via the hydrothermal method. The phase and the morphologies of the samples have been characterized and analyzed by XRD (X-ray diffraction) and SEM (Scanning electron microscope), respectively. XRD analysis shows that the phase of the samples is β-Ni(OH)2. SEM analysis confirms that the low reaction temperature is propitious to the synthesis of β-Ni(OH)2 nanospheres. However, The high temperature is in favor of the synthesis of β-Ni(OH)2 nanosflakes.

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