Non-Equilibrium Modeling and Dissipative Structures in Solid Material - Plasma Interactions

1983 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu.L. Khait
Keyword(s):  
Electric Charge ◽  
Dissipative Structure ◽  
Plasma Layer ◽  
Plasma Deposition ◽  
Solid Material ◽  
Dissipative Structures ◽  
Surface Plasma ◽  
Equilibrium Modeling ◽  
Plasma Bulk ◽  
Single Plasma

ABSTRACTTopics discussed: (a) The dissipative structure (DS) composed of the plasma bulk (PB), near-to-surface plasma layer (PL), surface and the adjacent material layer (ML) coupled by mass, electric charge, etc. fluxes and applications to plasma deposition. (b) The transient local dissipative structure (TLDS) formed by a single plasma ion impinging on the surface and associated with sputtering, etc.

scholarly journals Characterization of Dissipative Structures for First-Order Symmetric Hyperbolic System with General Relaxation

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 728
Author(s):  
Yasunori Maekawa ◽  
Yoshihiro Ueda
Keyword(s):  
Hyperbolic System ◽  
Dissipative Structure ◽  
Dissipative Structures ◽  
Algebraic Characterization ◽  
Symmetric Hyperbolic System ◽  
Full Generality ◽  
Order Linear ◽  
First Order

In this paper, we study the dissipative structure of first-order linear symmetric hyperbolic system with general relaxation and provide the algebraic characterization for the uniform dissipativity up to order 1. Our result extends the classical Shizuta–Kawashima condition for the case of symmetric relaxation, with a full generality and optimality.

Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics of Fast Traveling Waves in a Catalytic Fixed Bed. Emergence of Near-equilibrium Spatiotemporal Dissipative Structure

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-235
Author(s):  
Alexander P. Gerasev
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Traveling Wave ◽  
Dissipative Structure ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Dissipative Structures ◽  
Catalytic Reactors ◽  
Linear Ordinary Differential Equations ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Non Equilibrium

AbstractThis work presents the results of the mathematical modeling of the fast traveling wave propagation phenomenon in the fixed-bed catalytic reactors according to a simple (basic) mathematical model with a reversible reaction. Qualitative and quantitative research is used to study the behavior of separatrices’ trajectories of the system’s non-linear ordinary differential equations. Special attention has been paid to the non-equilibrium thermodynamic methods. The entropy balance equation is constructed and analyzed under the assumption of the simple mathematical model of physical and chemical processes. The influence of key physical and chemical parameters on the fast traveling wave properties is studied. The phenomenon of fast traveling wave propagation in the fixed-bed catalytic reactors provides a vivid example of a spatiotemporal dissipative structure in active heterogeneous medium. These dissipative structures are shown to exist near the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Spatial Dissipative Structures in Excitable Media (Plankton, Soil Bacteria. . . .)

2019 ◽  
pp. 91-126
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Phase Space ◽  
Dissipative Structure ◽  
Dissipative Structures ◽  
The Other ◽  
Excitable Media ◽  
Bifurcation Diagrams ◽  
Dimensional Phase Space ◽  
Liesegang Bands ◽  
Space Characteristic

A general, the simplest model of a spatial dissipative structure arising in an excitable medium is constructed, containing at least two components interacting with each other with their own mobility. One of these components (active) uses the other component as food. It is shown that such a model leads to a stationary stable spatial distribution of the components in the form of Liesegang bands. As specific examples of the formation of spatial dissipative structures, structures arising in plankton consisting of phytoplankton and zooplankton and in the soil containing the bacterial population and the nutrient substrate are considered. Bifurcation diagrams are constructed in the parameter space, characteristic for each of the considered excitable media, which determine the conditions for the formation of dissipative structures in these media. The existence in the plankton of a strange attractor of a previously unknown shape in four-dimensional phase space has been discovered.

scholarly journals Study of black hole as dissipative structure using negentropy

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (10) ◽  
pp. 960-966
Author(s):  
Shripad P. Mahulikar ◽  
Pallavi Rastogi
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Event Horizon ◽  
Theoretical Investigation ◽  
Infinite Number ◽  
Dissipative Structure ◽  
Dissipative Structures ◽  
Area Theorem ◽  
Entropy Increase ◽  
The Universe

The area of the event horizon of a black hole (Aeh) is so far linked only with its entropy (SBH). In this theoretical investigation, it is shown that relating Aeh only to SBH is inadequate, because Aeh is linked to the black hole’s negentropy, which encompasses its entropy. Increasing Aeh of black holes that grow now follows from the negentropy theorem (NET) and also from the well-known area theorem. The decreasing Aeh of black holes that decay follows from the converse to NET and is not a violation of the area theorem. The corollary to NET is proved for the case when two dissipative structures merge, which is the basis for the coalescence of black holes. The converse of corollary to NET explains negentropy loss due to splitting of a dissipative structure. When applied to black hole explosion (i.e., splitting into an infinite number of parts), converse of corollary to NET reduces to converse of NET. The entropy/energy ratio of the exported Hawking radiance from black holes contributes to the entropy increase of the universe. These aspects justify the consideration of black holes as thermodynamic dissipative structures.

scholarly journals Surface discharge during electrical explosion of conductors in strong magnetic fields

2021 ◽  
Vol 2064 (1) ◽  
pp. 012018
Author(s):  
V I Oreshkin ◽  
S A Chaikovsky ◽  
E V Oreshkin
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Plasma Layer ◽  
Electrical Explosion ◽  
Surface Discharge ◽  
Surface Plasma ◽  
Strong Magnetic Fields ◽  
Initial Stage

Abstract In experiments on the electrical explosion of conductors in rapidly growing mega-Gaussian magnetic fields, it was found that at the initial stage of the explosion, “hot spots” up to 500 pieces/mm2 were recorded on the surface. At a later stage, a plasma layer was formed on the surface of the conductor, in which filaments, that is, current channels, were formed. In this work, on the basis of the ecton theory, a model of the development of a surface discharge is constructed. The model makes it possible to estimate, firstly, the magnitude of the current flowing through the surface plasma, and secondly, the thickness of the plasma layer.

Propagation of electromagnetic waves in a density-modulated plasma

1991 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Lontano ◽  
Nicolai Lunin
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Wave ◽  
Transmission Coefficient ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Electromagnetic Wave Propagation ◽  
Plasma Layer ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Resonant Interaction ◽  
Explicit Computation ◽  
Single Plasma

The properties of electromagnetic wave propagation in a uniformly densitymodulated plasma are studied, starting from a unidimensional scalar wave (Hill) equation for the wave electric field. Introduction of the formalism of the spatial propagator Q(z2, z1), from the point z1 to the point z2 allows reduction of the problem to determination of the propagator relevant to a single plasma layer that constitutes the entire periodic structure. The transmission coefficient of a single layer can be computed for any kind of density profile by means of the Magnus approximation, satisfying energy flux conservation at each order in the relevant expansion. The appearance of ‘forbidden zones’ in parameter space leads to the possibility that the incident electromagnetic wave can be partially or completely reflected if a sufficient number of periods are present. The explicit computation of the transmission coefficient for a series of n successive layers confirms this effect as the result of a ‘resonant’ interaction of the incident wave and the ‘periodicity’ of the medium.

scholarly journals Functional Interdependence in Coupled Dissipative Structures: Physical Foundations of Biological Coordination

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 614
Author(s):  
Benjamin De Bari ◽  
Alexandra Paxton ◽  
Dilip K. Kondepudi ◽  
Bruce A. Kay ◽  
James A. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Physical System ◽  
Dissipative Structure ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Dissipative Structures ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Theoretical Evaluation ◽  
Systems Model ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Coordinative Structure ◽  
System 2

Coordination within and between organisms is one of the most complex abilities of living systems, requiring the concerted regulation of many physiological constituents, and this complexity can be particularly difficult to explain by appealing to physics. A valuable framework for understanding biological coordination is the coordinative structure, a self-organized assembly of physiological elements that collectively performs a specific function. Coordinative structures are characterized by three properties: (1) multiple coupled components, (2) soft-assembly, and (3) functional organization. Coordinative structures have been hypothesized to be specific instantiations of dissipative structures, non-equilibrium, self-organized, physical systems exhibiting complex pattern formation in structure and behaviors. We pursued this hypothesis by testing for these three properties of coordinative structures in an electrically-driven dissipative structure. Our system demonstrates dynamic reorganization in response to functional perturbation, a behavior of coordinative structures called reciprocal compensation. Reciprocal compensation is corroborated by a dynamical systems model of the underlying physics. This coordinated activity of the system appears to derive from the system’s intrinsic end-directed behavior to maximize the rate of entropy production. The paper includes three primary components: (1) empirical data on emergent coordinated phenomena in a physical system, (2) computational simulations of this physical system, and (3) theoretical evaluation of the empirical and simulated results in the context of physics and the life sciences. This study reveals similarities between an electrically-driven dissipative structure that exhibits end-directed behavior and the goal-oriented behaviors of more complex living systems.

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