Evaluation of Some Low-Activation Structural Materials for Minimizing Radioactive Waste Production by Future Nuclear Fusion Power Plants

1992 ◽  
Vol 294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldo Donato
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Fusion ◽  
Martensitic Steels ◽  
Fusion Power ◽  
Sic Fiber ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Composites Materials ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Toxic Potential

ABSTRACTTaking into account the neutron activation (Bq/kWht) and the environmental impact in terms of Ingestion Toxic Potential IT (m3 H2O/kWht) of radioactive wastes coming from several low-activation structural material candidates for future nuclear fusion power reactors, the contribution of the material chemical composition elements and impurities to the overall radioactivity and IT has been assessed. The chemical impurities, also at very low concentrations, have been ascertained to give, in many cases, a considerable contribution to the radwastes environmental impact, as in the case of SiC/SiC fiber composites materials or low-activation martensitic steels.The orign of impurities origin has been identified and efforts to use this information in the material production processes for nuclear fusion application are suggested.

The Environmental Impact of Fusion Reactors

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-44
Author(s):  
R. Hancox
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Neutron Activation ◽  
Nuclear Fusion ◽  
Structural Materials ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Fusion Reactors ◽  
Light Elements ◽  
Fusion Power ◽  
Fission Reactors

Fusion power, based on the nuclear fusion of light elements to yield a net gain of energy, has the potential to extend the world's resources in a way which is environmentally attractive. Nevertheless, the easiest route to fusion — the reaction between deuterium and tritium — involves hazards from the use of tritium and the neutron activation of the structural materials. These hazards have been considered on the basis of simple conceptual reactor designs, both in relation to normal operation and decommissioning and to potential accident situations. Results from several studies are reviewed and suggest that fusion reactors appear to have an inherently lower environmental impact than fission reactors. However, the realization of this potential has yet to be demonstrated.

scholarly journals Highly porous tungsten for plasma-facing applications in nuclear fusion power plants: a computational analysis of hollow nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 096017
Author(s):  
Pablo Díaz-Rodríguez ◽  
Francisco Munoz ◽  
José Rogan ◽  
Ignacio Martín-Bragado ◽  
J.M. Perlado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Computational Analysis ◽  
Nuclear Fusion ◽  
Hollow Nanoparticles ◽  
Fusion Power ◽  
Porous Tungsten ◽  
Highly Porous

Nuclear fusion power: a bright long-term future

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Chris Llewellyn Smith ◽  
David Ward
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Fusion ◽  
Fusion Power

scholarly journals Novel Application and Validation of a Method to Assess Visual Impacts of Rotating Wind Turbine Blades Within Woodland Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
U. Nopp-Mayr ◽  
F. Kunz ◽  
F. Suppan ◽  
E. Schöll ◽  
J. Coppes
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Wind Turbine Blades ◽  
Environmental Impact Assessments ◽  
Independent Field

AbstractIncreasing numbers of wind power plants (WPP) are constructed across the globe to reduce the anthropogenic contribution to global warming. There are, however, concerns on the effects of WPP on human health as well as related effects on wildlife. To address potential effects of WPP in environmental impact assessments, existing models accounting for shadow flickering and noise are widely applied. However, a standardized, yet simple and widely applicable proxy for the visibility of rotating wind turbines in woodland areas was largely lacking up to date. We combined land cover information of forest canopy extracted from orthophotos and airborne laser scanning (LiDAR) data to represent the visibility of rotating wind turbines in five woodland study sites with a high spatial resolution. Performing an in-situ validation in five study areas across Europe which resulted in a unique sample of 1738 independent field observations, we show that our approach adequately predicts from where rotating wind turbine blades are visible within woodlands or not. We thus provide strong evidence, that our approach yields a valuable proxy of the visibility of moving rotor blades with high resolution which in turn can be applied in environmental impact assessments of WPP within woodlands worldwide.

Quantitative safety goals for fusion power plants: Rationales and suggestions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Zhibin Chen ◽  
Chao Chen ◽  
Daochuan Ge ◽  
Didier Perrault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Fusion Power

“PROCESS”: A systems code for fusion power plants—Part 1: Physics

2014 ◽  
Vol 89 (12) ◽  
pp. 3054-3069 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kovari ◽  
R. Kemp ◽  
H. Lux ◽  
P. Knight ◽  
J. Morris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Fusion Power
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