Effect of Isostatic GAS Pressure on Optical Quality of MgAl2O4 Spinel

1991 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.E. Hsu ◽  
C.T. Wang ◽  
D.S. Tsai ◽  
S.J. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Optical Quality ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Pressure Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Diffraction Peaks ◽  
Bimodal Grain Size ◽  
Hip Process

ABSTRACTOptical transparent MgAl2O4 spinel is obtained by processing with high gas pressure to eliminate or reduce the residual pores. Both hot–pressed and sintered specimens are post–treated by the high argon hipping process here. The densities of all the specimens before hipping are over 99% theoretical density. In the high gas pressure process, the pressure ranges from 2000 to 30000psi at 1500°C for 2hrs. The transmittance from visible to IR are measured before and after gas pressure treatment. The transparency from visible to IR increases significantly with the HIP process. When applied pressure less than 6000psi, bulk density is proportional to the logarithm of the pressure and the logarithm of the absorption coefficient is proportional to the porosity. Bimodal grain–size distribution exists in the sintered and hipped specimens but is not observed in the uniaxial–hot–pressed–only samples. XRD analysis indicates the width of the diffraction peaks in the HIP specimens is less than that in UAHP specimens. The result illustrates the HIP process improves the spinel crystallinity.

scholarly journals Printability of papers recycled from toner and inkjet-printed papers after deinking and recycling processes

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
Arif Karademir ◽  
Cem Aydemir ◽  
Dogan Tutak ◽  
Raja Aravamuthan
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Optical Quality ◽  
Recycled Paper ◽  
High Optical Quality ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Better Than

Background: In our contemporary world, while part of the fibers used in the paper industry is obtained from primary fibers such as wood and agricultural plants, the rest is obtained from secondary fibers from waste papers. To manufacture paper with high optical quality from fibers of recycled waste papers, these papers require deinking and bleaching of fibers at desired levels. High efficiency in removal of ink from paper mass during recycling, and hence deinkability, are especially crucial for the optical and printability quality of the ultimate manufactured paper. Methods: In the present study, deinkability and printability performance of digitally printed paper with toner or inkjet ink were compared for the postrecycling product. To that end, opaque 80 g/m2 office paper was digitally printed under standard printing conditions with laser toner or inkjet ink; then these sheets of paper were deinked by a deinking process based on the INGEDE method 11 p. After the deinking operation, the optical properties of the obtained recycled handsheets were compared with unprinted (reference) paper. Then the recycled paper was printed on once again under the same conditions as before with inkjet and laser printers, to monitor and measure printing color change before and after recycling, and differences in color universe. Results: Recycling and printing performances of water-based inkjet and toner-based laser printed paper were obtained. The outcomes for laser-printed recycled paper were better than those for inkjet-printed recycled paper. Conclusions: Compared for luminosity Y, brightness, CIE a* and CIE b* values, paper recycled from laser-printed paper exhibited higher value than paper recycled from inkjet-printed paper.

Optical quality of foldable monofocal intraocular lenses before and after injection

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 1415-1423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meritxell Vilaseca ◽  
Montserrat Arjona ◽  
Jaume Pujol ◽  
Luis Issolio ◽  
José L. Güell
Keyword(s):  
Optical Quality ◽  
Intraocular Lenses ◽  
Before And After

Effect of High-Pressure on the Accelerating Ripening of Gouda Cheese

2011 ◽  
Vol 239-242 ◽  
pp. 1617-1621
Author(s):  
Hui Ping Liu ◽  
Xin Yuan Zhang ◽  
Feng Ru Wei ◽  
Li Hua Li
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Sensory Analysis ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Pressure Treatment ◽  
High Pressure Treatment ◽  
Texture Properties ◽  
Accelerated Ripening ◽  
Gouda Cheese

On the base of the domestic and international studies, the effect of high-pressure treatment on maturation is analyzed in this thesis. In order to evaluate the quality’s changes of Gouda cheese with different high pressure treatment (50MPa, 225MPa, 400MPa treating 60min) during ripening period, the change of texture properties, microstructure and sensory analysis were measured. High pressure treatment for 60 minutes can accelerate cheese maturing significantly when the applied pressure is higher than 225MPa. The effect of accelerated ripening at 50MPa is not significant. The quality of Gouda cheese treated at 400MPa is the best after ripening 90d.

Effect of Growth Temperature and Annealing on ZnO

2002 ◽  
Vol 744 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Cai ◽  
J. F. Muth ◽  
M. J. Reed ◽  
H. L. Porter ◽  
C. Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Optical Quality ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Band Emission ◽  
Annealing Conditions ◽  
Green Band Emission ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Before And After

ABSTRACTA series of epitaxial single crystal ZnO samples were grown by Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) on c-axis, double-side polished sapphire at temperatures ranging from 600°C to 800°C. A comprehensive optical study, consisting of cathodoluminescence (CL) and transmission spectroscopy measurements, was performed before and after annealing the samples in air and oxygen environments. The structural characteristics of the films were observed by x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Using these measurements, the data revealed that annealing significantly improved the luminescence and exciton line-width of the better material grown at the higher end of the temperature range. In lower quality samples grown at the lower end of the temperature range, the optical quality of the material was degraded. In the samples grown at higher temperatures, annealing improved the optical qualities. An increase in the below band-gap, green band emission was also observed under some annealing conditions.

Kepuasan Masyarakat Terhadap Pelayanan Kelurahan Setelah Pemekaran Di Tangerang Selatan

Liquidity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-159
Author(s):  
Pitri Yandri
Keyword(s):  
Public Perception ◽  
Service Personnel ◽  
Urban Services ◽  
Hospitality Workers ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cartesian Diagram ◽  
Better Than

The purpose of this study is (1) to analyze public perception on urban services before and after the expansion of the region, (2) analyze the level of people's satisfaction with urban services, and (3) analyze the determinants of the variables that determine what level of people's satisfaction urban services. This study concluded that first, after the expansion, the quality of urban services in South Tangerang City is better than before. Secondly, however, public satisfaction with the services only reached 48.53% (poor scale). Third, by using a Cartesian Diagram, the second priority that must be addressed are: (1) clarity of service personnel, (2) the discipline of service personnel, (3) responsibility for care workers; (4) the speed of service, (5) the ability of officers services, (6) obtain justice services, and (7) the courtesy and hospitality workers.

Strategic Role of Zakat in Multidimensional Quality of Life in Sijunjung, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-72
Author(s):  
Herlin Hamimi ◽  
Abdul Ghafar Ismail ◽  
Muhammad Hasbi Zaenal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Status ◽  
Being There ◽  
The Impact

Zakat is one of the five pillars of Islam which has a function of faith, social and economic functions. Muslims who can pay zakat are required to give at least 2.5 per cent of their wealth. The problem of poverty prevalent in disadvantaged regions because of the difficulty of access to information and communication led to a gap that is so high in wealth and resources. The instrument of zakat provides a paradigm in the achievement of equitable wealth distribution and healthy circulation. Zakat potentially offers a better life and improves the quality of human being. There is a human quality improvement not only in economic terms but also in spiritual terms such as improving religiousity. This study aims to examine the role of zakat to alleviate humanitarian issues in disadvantaged regions such as Sijunjung, one of zakat beneficiaries and impoverished areas in Indonesia. The researcher attempted a Cibest method to capture the impact of zakat beneficiaries before and after becoming a member of Zakat Community Development (ZCD) Program in material and spiritual value. The overall analysis shows that zakat has a positive impact on disadvantaged regions development and enhance the quality of life of the community. There is an improvement in the average of mustahik household incomes after becoming a member of ZCD Program. Cibest model demonstrates that material, spiritual, and absolute poverty index decreased by 10, 5, and 6 per cent. Meanwhile, the welfare index is increased by 21 per cent. These findings have significant implications for developing the quality of life in disadvantaged regions in Sijunjung. Therefore, zakat is one of the instruments to change the status of disadvantaged areas to be equivalent to other areas.

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