High-Rate Formation of Nano-Scale Alumina Particles

1991 ◽  
Vol 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kilian ◽  
L. Reinhart ◽  
A. Davis ◽  
T.F. Morse ◽  
D.C. Paine
Keyword(s):  
Size Range ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Monodispersed Particles ◽  
Nano Scale ◽  
Alumina Particles ◽  
Large Production ◽  
Oxide Particles ◽  
The Ideal

ABSTRACTIn this paper we report a new approach to the problem of high rate formation of nanophase powders. In our experiments we were able to make aluminum oxide particles in the size range from 5 to 140 nm (peaking sharply at 35 nm) at a rate of 3 g/min. The starting material was a mixture of aluminum-tri-sec-butoxide and sec-butanol. An aerosol was made from this solution and subsequently burned in a special torch, described below. The resulting particles were spherical and no necked regions were observable between them. In a practical application, our technique allows a large production rate while still approaching the ideal of nano-scale monodispersed particles. The work was extended to the formation of zirconium oxide particles with quite similar results in the size distribution.

When the State Speaks, What Should It Say?

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey Brettschneider
Keyword(s):  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
The State ◽  
Hate Groups ◽  
New Approach ◽  
State Action ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
Theory Of Value ◽  
The Right ◽  
Equal Citizenship ◽  
The Ideal

How should a liberal democracy respond to hate groups and others that oppose the ideal of free and equal citizenship? The democratic state faces the hard choice of either protecting the rights of hate groups and allowing their views to spread, or banning their views and violating citizens' rights to freedoms of expression, association, and religion. Avoiding the familiar yet problematic responses to these issues, this book proposes a new approach called value democracy. The theory of value democracy argues that the state should protect the right to express illiberal beliefs, but the state should also engage in democratic persuasion when it speaks through its various expressive capacities: publicly criticizing, and giving reasons to reject, hate-based or other discriminatory viewpoints. Distinguishing between two kinds of state action—expressive and coercive—the book contends that public criticism of viewpoints advocating discrimination based on race, gender, or sexual orientation should be pursued through the state's expressive capacities as speaker, educator, and spender. When the state uses its expressive capacities to promote the values of free and equal citizenship, it engages in democratic persuasion. By using democratic persuasion, the state can both respect rights and counter hateful or discriminatory viewpoints. The book extends this analysis from freedom of expression to the freedoms of religion and association, and shows that value democracy can uphold the protection of these freedoms while promoting equality for all citizens.

Tubulin Proteins in Cancer Resistance: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 178-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Amjad Kamal ◽  
Maryam Hassan Al-Zahrani ◽  
Salman Hasan Khan ◽  
Mateen Hasan Khan ◽  
Hani Awad Al-Subhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Vinca Alkaloids ◽  
Cancer Resistance ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Cell Cycle Genes ◽  
Cancerous Cells ◽  
Β Tubulin

Cancer cells are altered with cell cycle genes or they are mutated, leading to a high rate of proliferation compared to normal cells. Alteration in these genes leads to mitosis dysregulation and becomes the basis of tumor progression and resistance to many drugs. The drugs which act on the cell cycle fail to arrest the process, making cancer cell non-responsive to apoptosis or cell death. Vinca alkaloids and taxanes fall in this category and are referred to as antimitotic agents. Microtubule proteins play an important role in mitosis during cell division as a target site for vinca alkaloids and taxanes. These proteins are dynamic in nature and are composed of α-β-tubulin heterodimers. β-tubulin specially βΙΙΙ isotype is generally altered in expression within cancerous cells. Initially, these drugs were very effective in the treatment of cancer but failed to show their desired action after initial chemotherapy. The present review highlights some of the important targets and their mechanism of resistance offered by cancer cells with new promising drugs from natural sources that can lead to the development of a new approach to chemotherapy.

Investigation of e-textile dipole antenna performance based on embroidery parameters

2021 ◽  
pp. 004051752110134
Author(s):  
Daniel Agu ◽  
Rachel J Eike ◽  
Allyson Cliett ◽  
Dawn Michaelson ◽  
Rinn Cloud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Band ◽  
Impedance Matching ◽  
Dipole Antenna ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Wearable Sensor ◽  
Dipole Antennas ◽  
Antenna Performance ◽  
Large Production ◽  
Lower Transmission ◽  
The Ideal

E-textile antennas have the potential to be the premier on-body wearable sensor. Embroidery techniques, which can be applied to produce e-textile antennas, assist in large production volumes and fast production speeds. This paper focuses on the effects of three commonly used embroidery parameters, namely stitch type, conductive thread location, and stabilizer, on the performance of embroidered dipole antennas in order to determine the ideal embroidery combination for optimal antenna performance. Fifty-four dipole antenna samples were fabricated and measured at the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) frequency band of 2.45 GHz. The results of this study show that machine-embroidered antenna designs with satin stitches resonate at a lower frequency and exhibit a lower transmission gain compared with those made with contour stiches, and the conductive thread location in the bobbin location plus the use of a water-soluble stabilizer can help improve impedance matching.

scholarly journals Tuning Bandgaps of Mixed Halide and Oxide Perovskites CsSnX3 (X=Cl, I), and SrBO3 (B=Rh, Ti)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6862
Author(s):  
Hongzhe Wen ◽  
Xuan Luo
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Electronic Properties ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Photovoltaic Cell ◽  
Photovoltaic Properties ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Energy Applications ◽  
Valence Bands ◽  
The Ideal

Perovskites have recently attracted interest in the field of solar energy due to their excellent photovoltaic properties. We herein present a new approach to the composition of lead free perovskites via mixing of halide and oxide perovskites that share the cubic ABX3 structure. Using first-principles calculations through Density Functional Theory, we systematically investigated the atomic and electronic structures of mixed perovskite compounds composed of four cubic ABX3 perovskites. Our result shows that the B and X atoms play important roles in their band structure. On the other hand, their valence bands contributed by O-2p, Rh-4p, and Ti-3p orbitals, and their electronic properties were determined by Rh-O and Ti-O bonds. With new understandings of the electronic properties of cubic halide or oxide perovskites, we lastly combined the cubic perovskites in various configurations to improve stability and tune the bandgap to values desirable for photovoltaic cell applications. Our investigations suggest that the mixed perovskite compound Cs2Sn2Cl3I3Sr2TiRhO6 produced a bandgap of 1.2 eV, which falls into the ideal range of 1.0 to 1.7 eV, indicating high photo-conversion efficiency and showing promise towards solar energy applications.

Herbert Olivecrona: founder of Swedish neurosurgery

1993 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bengt Ljunggren
Keyword(s):  
Medical Society ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Posterior Fossa Tumors ◽  
Neurosurgical Department ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Harvey Cushing ◽  
International Reputation ◽  
Technical Innovations ◽  
Diagnostic Neuroradiology ◽  
The Ideal

✓ Herbert Olivecrona (1891–1980) singlehandedly founded Swedish neurosurgery. At the International Congress in Neurology in Bern in August, 1931, Harvey Cushing invited the cream of the world's medical society to a private banquet. Among the 28 specially invited guests was Herbert Olivecrona. At 40 years old, Olivecrona took his seat with pioneers such as Otfrid Foerster, Percival Bailey, Hugh Cairns, Geoffrey Jefferson, and Sir Charles Sherrington. This suggests that Cushing was impressed by the Swedish aristocrat's didactic deeds when he visited the Serafimer Hospital in Stockholm 2 years earlier. During the mid-1920's, the radiologist Erik Lysholm greatly improved the technique of ventriculography and, challenged by Olivecrona, his diagnostic neuroradiology became of superior quality. In the early 1930's, utilizing technical innovations of his own, Lysholm became a master at demonstrating and localizing posterior fossa tumors, which Olivecrona then operated on. Olivecrona's clinic became the mecca to which many scholars, thirsting for more knowledge, went on a pilgrimage. The international reputation of the clinic was founded, not on epoch-making discoveries, but by the resolute and practical application of methods already launched elsewhere and the exemplary organization that Olivecrona had established in collaboration with Lysholm. In spite of hardships and primitive working conditions, the clinic at the Serafimer Hospital gradually developed into the ideal prototype for a modern neurosurgical department. Olivecrona trained many colorful personalities who later were to lay the foundation for neurosurgery in their home countries; these included Wilhelm Tönnis of Germany, Edvard Busch of Denmark, and Aarno Snellman of Finland. Olivecrona was a true pioneer who made major contributions in practically all fields of conventional neurosurgery.

Between Real and Ideal: Documenting Media Art

Leonardo ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin Jones ◽  
Lizzie Muller
Keyword(s):  
Data Structure ◽  
Real World ◽  
Media Art ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Real ◽  
Key Features ◽  
The Ideal

This paper describes a new approach to documenting media art which seeks to place in dialogue the artist's intentions and the audience's experience. It explicitly highlights the productive tension between the ideal, conceptual existence of the work, and its actual manifestation through different iterations and exhibitions in the real world. The paper describes how the approach was developed collaboratively during the production of a documentary collection for the artwork Giver of Names, by David Rokeby. It outlines the key features of the approach including artist's interview, audience interviews and data structure.

scholarly journals Making inference from wildlife collision data: inferring predator absence from prey strikes

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Caley ◽  
Geoffrey R. Hosack ◽  
Simon C. Barry
Keyword(s):  
Prey Species ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Numerical Response ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Ecological Inference ◽  
Predator Species ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Predictive Probability ◽  
Irreducible Uncertainty

Wildlife collision data are ubiquitous, though challenging for making ecological inference due to typically irreducible uncertainty relating to the sampling process. We illustrate a new approach that is useful for generating inference from predator data arising from wildlife collisions. By simply conditioning on a second prey species sampled via the same collision process, and by using a biologically realistic numerical response functions, we can produce a coherent numerical response relationship between predator and prey. This relationship can then be used to make inference on the population size of the predator species, including the probability of extinction. The statistical conditioning enables us to account for unmeasured variation in factors influencing the runway strike incidence for individual airports and to enable valid comparisons. A practical application of the approach for testing hypotheses about the distribution and abundance of a predator species is illustrated using the hypothesized red fox incursion into Tasmania, Australia. We estimate that conditional on the numerical response between fox and lagomorph runway strikes on mainland Australia, the predictive probability of observing no runway strikes of foxes in Tasmania after observing 15 lagomorph strikes is 0.001. We conclude there is enough evidence to safely reject the null hypothesis that there is a widespread red fox population in Tasmania at a population density consistent with prey availability. The method is novel and has potential wider application.

Meritocracy and its Enemies: Is There an Alternative to the “Tyranny of the Merit”?

2021 ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Dmitriy Davydov
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Technical Competencies ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
The Ideal

The article examines  the idea of meritocracy, now increasingly criticized. It is shown that the relevance of the discourse on meritocracy is due to the objectively increased role of education and various creative and technical talents in the context of rapid technological development. At the same time, critics rightly point out that meritocracy today has become largely a myth that plutocrats turn to justify their privileges, status and wealth. The very idea of a meritocracy that focuses exclusively on the technical competencies and abilities demanded by the neoliberal economy is also criticized. Many authors talk about the need to fairly reward and respect low-skilled workers, who often (especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic) bring more public benefit than highly educated financiers or bankers. Nevertheless, the article shows that this criticism is a hidden apology for meritocracy. In this case, critics justify deeper inequalities associated with long-term prospects and self-realization. It leads to cementing the “secondary” status of workers of the “hand” and “heart”, whose fate in the context of automation and the development of artificial intelligence technologies may turn out to be unenviable. In the author's opinion, the only alternative to this state of affairs is the rejection of meritocracy as a normative concept. It should be recognized as an inevitable evil associated with the imperfection of social institutions and, in part, human nature. Accordingly, the author contrasts the meritocratic pursuit of status and power with the ideal of universal striving for the maximum possible and, what is remarkable, all-round development and practical application of the talents of all without exception.

An Attempt to Establish a Correspondence between Development Methods and Problem Domains

2011 ◽  
pp. 166-187
Author(s):  
Oscar Dieste ◽  
Marcela Genero ◽  
Natalia Juristo ◽  
Ana M. Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Development Project ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Development Method ◽  
Development Methods ◽  
Recurrent Theme ◽  
The Ideal

Most development methods need to be adapted before they can be used in a specific development project. This is because each method can be applied to a series of paradigmatic problems, but, as a problem moves further away from the ideal, the effectiveness of each method gradually decreases. Although development method adaptation has been a recurrent theme in the literature, no work has been published that proposes any sort of criterion or metric that can be used to assess the fitness of any one method to a particular problem. Therefore, in this chapter, we propose a new approach that can be used to calculate the fitness of methods to particular problems.

The Vorbix Burner: A New Approach to Gas Turbine Combustors

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Markowski ◽  
R. P. Lohmann ◽  
R. S. Reilly
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Rayleigh Instability ◽  
Gas Turbine Combustor ◽  
New Approach ◽  
High Power Operation ◽  
Power Operation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Excellent Stability

The vorbix burner (acronym for Vortex Burning and Mixing) represents a new approach to a practical gas turbine combustor design. The concept exploits the Rayleigh instability of swirling flows to enhance the mixing and combustion rates. The combination of a two-stage fuel system with a piloted combustor leads to a unique high rate technique for fuel prevaporization within the combustor proper. This paper presents the fundamental concepts in the definition of the vorbix combustor and the results of exploratory tests conducted on can (tubular) and annular vorbix combustors. The results indicate that this type of combustor has unique performance characteristics that include excellent stability and high combustion efficiency over wide excursions in operating fuel air ratios in addition to substantially reduced emission levels during high power operation.

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