scholarly journals Insulator Materials in High Power Lasers for Inertial Fusion: Present and Future

1983 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Krupke
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Average Power ◽  
High Peak Power ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Confinement Fusion ◽  
Power Loading ◽  
Laser Systems ◽  
Stringent Performance

ABSTRACTDielectric insulator materials have played a critical role in the development of high peak power solid state lasers for use in inertial confinement fusion research: as laser gain media; as transparent substrates for lenses, mirrors, and polarizers; and as active optical materials in nonlinear harmonic generators and electro-optical devices. Materials have been developed which have exceptionally high resistance to damage in the presence of intense optical beams (> GW/cm2) and which possess other properties which optimize their functions in the laser systems. Fusion lasers built to date have been designed for “single shot” operation, and the dielectric insulator materials developed for use in them have had to function under only extremely low average power loading. As we look to the future, fusion laser systems will be required to operate repetitively (few Hz) and deliver high average power output (> MW) at an efficiency greater than 10 percent. Insulator materials for use in these systems must be selected and developed on the basis of their combined mechanical, thermal, and optical properties. In this presentation, I will summarize the important characteristics of currently used insulator materials, identify figures of merit for materials needed in future systems, and outline a methodology for identifying and evaluating new materials meeting the stringent performance requirements of future fusion laser systems.

scholarly journals Laser targets compensate for limitations in inertial confinement fusion drivers

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D. KILKENNY ◽  
N.B. ALEXANDER ◽  
A. NIKROO ◽  
D.A. STEINMAN ◽  
A. NOBILE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Fabrication Technology ◽  
Nano Material ◽  
Confinement Fusion ◽  
Computer Codes ◽  
Material Fabrication ◽  
Z Pinch

Success in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) requires sophisticated, characterized targets. The increasing fidelity of three-dimensional (3D), radiation hydrodynamic computer codes has made it possible to design targets for ICF which can compensate for limitations in the existing single shot laser and Z pinch ICF drivers. Developments in ICF target fabrication technology allow more esoteric target designs to be fabricated. At present, requirements require new deterministic nano-material fabrication on micro scale.

scholarly journals An overview of Aurora: a multi-kilojoule KrF laser system for inertial confinement fusion

1986 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis A. Rosocha ◽  
Pleas S. Bowling ◽  
Michael D. Burrows ◽  
Michael Kang ◽  
John Hanlon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Short Pulse ◽  
Laser System ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
Laser Amplifiers ◽  
Krf Laser ◽  
Confinement Fusion ◽  
Laser Systems

Aurora is a short-pulse high-power krypton-fluoride laser system that serves as an end-to-end technology demonstration prototype for large-scale ultraviolet laser systems of interest for short wavelength inertial confinement fusion (ICF) studies. The system is designed to employ optical angular multiplexing and serial amplification by electron-beam-driven KrF laser amplifiers to deliver 248 nm, 5-ns duration multi-kilojoule laser pulses to ICF targets using a beam train of approximately 1 km in length.In this paper, we will discuss the goals for the system and summarize the design features of the major system components: front-end lasers, amplifier train, optical train, and the alignment and controls systems.

scholarly journals Light ion beam driven inertial confinement fusion: Requirements and achievements

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.J. Bluhm ◽  
G. Keßler ◽  
R.R. Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Repetition Rate ◽  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Beam Quality ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Pulsed Power ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Power Generators ◽  
Confinement Fusion

In this paper we compare the requirements for a light ion beam driven inertial confinement fusion (ICF) reactor with the present achievements in pulsed power technology, ion diode performance, beam transport, and target physics. The largest gap exists in beam quality and repetition rate capability of high-power ion diodes. Beam quality can very likely be improved to a level sufficient for driving a single-shot ignition facility, if the potential of two-stage acceleration is used. Present schemes for repetition rate ion diodes allow either too low power densities or create too large beam divergence. On the other hand, repetitively operating pulsed-power generators meeting the requirements for an ICF reactor driver can be built with present technology. Also, a rather mature target concept has been developed for indirect drive with light ion beams.

scholarly journals Studies in the nonlinear evolution of the Rayleigh–Taylor and Richtmyer–Meshkov instabilities and their role in inertial confinement fusion

1999 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. ORON ◽  
O. SADOT ◽  
Y. SREBRO ◽  
A. RIKANATI ◽  
Y. YEDVAB ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Turbulent Mixing ◽  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Random Perturbation ◽  
Fusion Energy ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
Hydrodynamic Instabilities ◽  
Power Laser ◽  
Mechanics Model ◽  
Confinement Fusion ◽  
Laser Systems

Hydrodynamic instabilities, such as the Rayleigh–Taylor and Richtmyer–Meshkov instabilities, play a central role when trying to achieve net thermonuclear fusion energy via the method of inertial confinement fusion (ICF). The development of hydrodynamic instabilities on both sides of the compressed shell may cause shell breakup and ignition failure. A newly developed statistical mechanics model describing the evolution of the turbulent mixing zone from an initial random perturbation is presented. The model will be shown to compare very well both with full numerical simulations and with experiments, performed using high power laser systems, and using shock tubes. Applying the model to typical ICF implosion conditions, an estimation of the maximum allowed target, in-flight aspect ratio as a function of equivalent surface roughness, will be derived.

scholarly journals Adaptive optics system for solid state laser systems used in inertial confinement fusion

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Thaddeus Salmon ◽  
Erlan S. Bliss ◽  
Jerry L. Byrd ◽  
Mark Feldman ◽  
Michael W. Kartz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Adaptive Optics ◽  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Solid State Laser ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
State Laser ◽  
Confinement Fusion ◽  
Laser Systems ◽  
Adaptive Optics System
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