Prediction of Residual Stresses in an Autofrettaged Thick–Walled Cylinder

1983 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter C. T. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Bauschinger Effect ◽  
Residual Stress Distribution ◽  
Effect Factor ◽  
Hardening Effect ◽  
Loading And Unloading ◽  
Reverse Yielding ◽  
Walled Cylinder ◽  
Elastic Unloading

ABSTRACTMost of the earlier results for residual stresses are based on the assumption of elastic unloading. In this paper, the prediction of residual stresses for the case of reverse yielding including the combined Bauschinger and hardening effect will be reported for an autofrettaged thick-walled cylinder. The Bauschinger effect factor is varying as a function of overstrain. The strain-hardening effect is considered with different parameters used for loading and unloading process. The new results indicate that the influence of the combined Bauschinger and hardening effect on residual stress distribution is significant.

The Bauschinger and Hardening Effect on Residual Stresses in an Autofrettaged Thick-Walled Cylinder

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. T. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Closed Form Solution ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Form Solution ◽  
Residual Stress Distribution ◽  
Hardening Effect ◽  
Reverse Yielding ◽  
Walled Cylinder ◽  
Elastic Unloading

Most of the earlier solutions for residual stresses were based on the assumption of elastic unloading and only a few considered reverse yielding. In this paper a new theoretical model for a high strength steel is proposed and a closed-form solution of residual stresses in autofrettaged tubes has been obtained. The new results indicate that the influence of the combined Bauschinger and hardening effect on the residual stress distribution is significant.

Theoretical prediction of residual stresses induced by cold spray with experimental validation

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dibakor Boruah ◽  
Xiang Zhang ◽  
Matthew Doré
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Cold Spray ◽  
Residual Stress Distribution ◽  
Thermal Mismatch ◽  
Individual Layer ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Layer Height ◽  
Proposed Model

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a simple analytical model for predicting the through-thickness distribution of residual stresses in a cold spray (CS) deposit-substrate assembly.Design/methodology/approachLayer-by-layer build-up of residual stresses induced by both the peening dominant and thermal mismatch dominant CS processes, taking into account the force and moment equilibrium requirements. The proposed model has been validated with the neutron diffraction measurements, taken from the published literature for different combinations of deposit-substrate assemblies comprising Cu, Mg, Ti, Al and Al alloys.FindingsThrough a parametric study, the influence of geometrical variables (number of layers, substrate height and individual layer height) on the through-thickness residual stress distribution and magnitude are elucidated. Both the number of deposited layers and substrate height affect residual stress magnitude, whereas the individual layer height has little effect. A good agreement has been achieved between the experimentally measured stress distributions and predictions by the proposed model.Originality/valueThe proposed model provides a more thorough explanation of residual stress development mechanisms by the CS process along with mathematical representation. Comparing to existing analytical and finite element methods, it provides a quicker estimation of the residual stress distribution and magnitude. This paper provides comparisons and contrast of the two different residual stress mechanisms: the peening dominant and the thermal mismatch dominant. The proposed model allows parametric studies of geometric variables, and can potentially contribute to CS process optimisation aiming at residual stress control.

A Further Study of Residual Stresses in Circumferential Welds

1973 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Vaidyanathan ◽  
H. Weiss ◽  
I. Finnie
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Filler Metal ◽  
Residual Stress Distribution ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Circumferential Welds ◽  
Single Pass ◽  
Full Penetration

The residual stress distribution for a circumferential weld between cylinders was obtained in a prior publication for a full penetration, single pass weld with no variation of alloy content across the weld. In the present work the approach is extended to cover a wider variety of weld conditions. It is shown that the effects of multipass welds, partial penetration welds, and welds with filler metal differing greatly in properties from the base metal can approximately be taken into account. Experimental results are presented to support the proposed method of analysis.

Residual Stress in an Autofrettaged Tube Taking Bauschinger Effect as a Function of the Prior Plastic Strain

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoping Huang ◽  
Torgeir Moan
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Analytical Solution ◽  
Plastic Strain ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Bauschinger Effect ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Residual Stress Distribution ◽  
Present Solution ◽  
Stress Dependent

Autofrettage is a practical method for increasing the elastic carrying capacity and the fatigue life of thick-walled cylinders such as cannon and high-pressure tubular reactor. Many analytical and numerical solutions for determining the residual stress distribution in an autofrettaged tube have been reported. It is still difficult to model the Bauchinger effect, which is dependent on the prior plasticity in an analytical solution. The reduced Young’s modulus during unloading affects residual stress distribution. However, until now this effect has not been considered in any analytical model. In this paper, an autofrettage analytical solution considering Young’s modulus and the reverse yield stress dependent on the prior plasticity, based on the actual tensile-compressive curve of the material and the von Mises yield criterion, has been proposed. New model incorporates the Bauschinger effect factor and the unloading modulus variation as a function of prior plastic strain, and hence of the radius. Thereafter it assumes a fixed nonlinear unloading profile. The comparison of predicted residual stress distribution by the present solution with that of fixed unloading curve model, and test results shows that the present solution gives accurate prediction of residual stress distribution of an autofrettaged tube. This analytical procedure for the cylinder permits an excellent representation of various pressure vessel steels.

Residual Stresses in Self-Curing Bone Cement During Hip Arthroplasty

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaodi Li ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
James J. Mason
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Residual Stress ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Cement Mantle ◽  
Joint Arthroplasty ◽  
Residual Stress Distribution ◽  
Bone Cements

Bone cements are widely used to fix prostheses into bones for joint arthroplasty. During cement curing in total hip arthroplasty, residual stresses are introduced in the cement mantle. A finite element method was developed to predict such residual stress built-up. The effects of curing history on the residual stress distribution were investigated. Results showed that the predictions of the residual stresses agreed with the experimental tests very well. The residual stress build-up was shown to depend on the curing history. By preheating the prosthesis stem prior to implantation, a desired low level residual stress at the critical interface was obtained.

scholarly journals Separation of the Formation Mechanisms of Residual Stresses in LPBF 316L

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1234
Author(s):  
Alexander Ulbricht ◽  
Simon J. Altenburg ◽  
Maximilian Sprengel ◽  
Konstantin Sommer ◽  
Gunther Mohr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Residual Stress Distribution ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Solidification Shrinkage ◽  
Stainless Steel 316L ◽  
Heat Accumulation ◽  
Cooling Rates

Rapid cooling rates and steep temperature gradients are characteristic of additively manufactured parts and important factors for the residual stress formation. This study examined the influence of heat accumulation on the distribution of residual stress in two prisms produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) of austenitic stainless steel 316L. The layers of the prisms were exposed using two different border fill scan strategies: one scanned from the centre to the perimeter and the other from the perimeter to the centre. The goal was to reveal the effect of different heat inputs on samples featuring the same solidification shrinkage. Residual stress was characterised in one plane perpendicular to the building direction at the mid height using Neutron and Lab X-ray diffraction. Thermography data obtained during the build process were analysed in order to correlate the cooling rates and apparent surface temperatures with the residual stress results. Optical microscopy and micro computed tomography were used to correlate defect populations with the residual stress distribution. The two scanning strategies led to residual stress distributions that were typical for additively manufactured components: compressive stresses in the bulk and tensile stresses at the surface. However, due to the different heat accumulation, the maximum residual stress levels differed. We concluded that solidification shrinkage plays a major role in determining the shape of the residual stress distribution, while the temperature gradient mechanism appears to determine the magnitude of peak residual stresses.

scholarly journals Influence of Welding Defects on Residual Stresses: Numerical Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 996 ◽  
pp. 506-511
Author(s):  
Intissar Frih ◽  
Pierre Antoine Adragna ◽  
Guillaume Montay
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Stress Gradient ◽  
Residual Stress Distribution ◽  
Welded Structure ◽  
Critical Defect ◽  
Welding Defects ◽  
Residual Stress Gradient

This paper presents a study on the application of the finite element methods to predict the influence of a defect on the residual stress distribution in a T-welded structure. A defect is introduced in a numerical model firstly without residual stress to see its impact (size and position) on the stress distribution. Secondly the most critical defect (determined previously) is simulated with a residual stress gradient. The obtained results are useful for computation stress concentration factor due to weld residual stresses.

Measurement of Residual Stresses in a Circular Ring Using the Successive Cracking Method

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Kang ◽  
S. Y. Seol
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Circular Ring ◽  
Outer Edge ◽  
Residual Stress Distribution ◽  
Ring Specimen ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Derivation ◽  
Sectioning Method

A method which we describe as the “successive cracking method” for measuring residual stresses in a circular ring is presented. In this method, the residual stresses are evaluated using a fracture mechanics approach. The strains measured at a point on the outer edge of the ring as a crack is introduced and extended from the edge are used to deduce the residual stress distribution in the uncracked ring. Finite element analysis is carried out to examine the validity of the theoretical derivation. Experiments to measure the residual stresses in a steel ring specimen are done by the successive cracking method. For comparison purposes, the experimental results using the sectioning method are presented as well. The successive cracking method is shown to be valid, simple, and effective for measuring the two-dimensional residual stress distribution in an axisymmetric member.

Influence of Cooling Intensity on Residual Stress State of TIG Dressing Zone for T-Joint Welded Toe

2011 ◽  
Vol 148-149 ◽  
pp. 1289-1294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Zhou ◽  
Chun Yuan Shi ◽  
Cheng Jin
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Residual Stress ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Stress State ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Residual Stress Distribution ◽  
Residual Stress State ◽  
Cooling Intensity ◽  
Stress Layer ◽  
Spray Treatment

Using finite element method, the residual stress distribution of the TIG dressed welded toe followed by spray treatment with different cooling intensity was calculated. And the residual stresses of welded toe were also measured by using the blind-hole method. The results indicate that with the increase of cooling intensity, the longitudinal residual stresses in welded toe are gradually transited from tensile residual stresses to compressive ones, and there is no significant change for transverse residual stresses, and the depth of compressive stress layer increases at the welded toe region.

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