Dependence of Fiber/Fiber Bonding on Some Papermaking Variables

ABSTRACTThe bond breaking load and bonded area of individual fiber/fiber bonds were measured using a new fiber load elongation recorder (FLER2) and Page's polarized light scattering technique, respectively. Lightly (570 mL CSF) and moderately (345 mL CSF) refined fibers with fines subsequently removed produced bonds of equal strength. Bonds between latewood fibers were substantially stronger than those between earlywood fibers. Polymeric strength aids interacting with the fibers by either covalent or ionic bonding increased the bond strength by a factor of two.