scholarly journals Effects of Azidosilane Treatments of Wood and Cellulose Fiber Surfaces on Adhesion to Polypropylene

1990 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul C. Kolosick ◽  
C.T. Scott ◽  
J.A. Koutsky ◽  
G.E. Myers
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Chloride ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Untreated Wood ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Thin Sheets ◽  
Methanol Solutions ◽  
Peel Force ◽  
Paper Fibers ◽  
Wood Surfaces

ABSTRACTWood strip surfaces (Aspen and Birch) and cellulose fibers (Birch, pulped paper fibers) were treated with azidosilane coupling agent, via immersion in methylene chloride and methanol solutions respectively, and then subsequently dried. Polypropylene films were compression molded to the wood surfaces and peel forces were measured. The treated cellulose fibers were suspended and mixed with polypropylene fibers in water, formed into thin sheets by wet forming, dried, and compression molded to melt the polypropylene.Treated wood surfaces gave two to six times the dry peel force versus untreated wood surfaces. However, the wet peel force of treated wood degraded to that of untreated wood. The elongation, fail stress, and tensile energy absorption of treated molded sheets were all increased over the untreated fibers for both dry and wet testing; the wet-tested properties were especially enhanced by the silane treatment.

Polypropylene Crystallization on Maleated Polypropylene-Treated Wood Surfaces: Effects on Interfacial Adhesion in Wood Polypropylene Composites

1992 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul C. Kolosick ◽  
George E. Myers ◽  
James A. Koutsky
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Untreated Wood ◽  
Model System ◽  
Intercellular Spaces ◽  
Wood Veneer ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Maleated Polypropylene ◽  
Peel Adhesion ◽  
Wood Surfaces

AbstractPolypropylene (PP)-wood veneer laminates were used as a model system to investigate adhesion in wood-polypropylene composites. Wood veneers were treated with maleated polypropylene waxes (MA-PP). PP films were then compression molded to the wood surfaces and peel forces were measured.Low MA-PP treatment levels increased the peel adhesion over that for untreated surfaces. High MA-PP treatment levels decreased the peel adhesion and intermediate MA-PP levels had no effect on the peel adhesion. Microscopy of the fracture surfaces indicated PP penetration into lumens in both treated and untreated wood veneer. Untreated surfaces also exhibited PP penetration into pits and intercellular spaces, while treated surfaces exhibited only hindered penetration on this scale. The penetrated PP formed tendrils during fracture. DSC of PP on wood and cellulose surfaces showed higher PP crystallization temperatures on untreated surfaces than on treated surfaces.

scholarly journals Air permeability and sound absorption coefficient changes from ultrasonic treatment in a cross section of Malas (Homalium foetidum)

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Won Kang ◽  
Eun-Suk Jang ◽  
Nam-Ho Lee ◽  
Sang-Sik Jang ◽  
Min Lee
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Ultrasonic Treatment ◽  
Sound Absorption ◽  
Gas Permeability ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Untreated Wood ◽  
Sound Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Permeability Constant ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Permeability Increase

AbstractWe investigated the effect of ultrasonic treatment on Malas (Homalium foetidum) gas permeability and sound absorption coefficient using the transfer function method. Results showed a longitudinal average Darcy permeability constant of 2.02 (standard deviation SD 0.72) for untreated wood and 6.15 (SD 3.07) for ultrasound-treated wood, a permeability increase of 3.04 times. We also determined the average sound absorption coefficients in the range of 50 to 6.4 kHz and NRC (noise reduction coefficient: average value of sound absorption coefficient value at 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz) of untreated Malas. Those values were 0.23 (SD 0.02) and 0.13 (SD 0.01), respectively, while those of ultrasonic-treated Malas were 0.28 (SD 0.02) and 0.14 (SD 0.02), a 19.74% increase in average sound absorption coefficient.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Application of SERS-Active Cellulose Fibers Regenerated from Waste Resource

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2142
Author(s):  
Shengjun Wang ◽  
Jiaqi Guo ◽  
Yibo Ma ◽  
Alan X. Wang ◽  
Xianming Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Au Nanoparticles ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Sers Substrate ◽  
Au Nps ◽  
Convenient Approach ◽  
Theoretical Simulations ◽  
Difference Time ◽  
Raman Probe

The flexible SERS substrate were prepared base on regenerated cellulose fibers, in which the Au nanoparticles were controllably assembled on fiber through electrostatic interaction. The cellulose fiber was regenerated from waste paper through the dry-jet wet spinning method, an eco-friendly and convenient approach by using ionic liquid. The Au NPs could be controllably distributed on the surface of fiber by adjusting the conditions during the process of assembling. Finite-difference time-domain theoretical simulations verified the intense local electromagnetic fields of plasmonic composites. The flexible SERS fibers show excellent SERS sensitivity and adsorption capability. A typical Raman probe molecule, 4-Mercaptobenzoicacid (4-MBA), was used to verify the SERS cellulose fibers, the sensitivity could achieve to 10−9 M. The flexible SERS fibers were successfully used for identifying dimetridazole (DMZ) from aqueous solution. Furthermore, the flexible SERS fibers were used for detecting DMZ from the surface of fish by simply swabbing process. It is clear that the fabricated plasmonic composite can be applied for the identifying toxins and chemicals.

Growth behavior of wood-destroying fungi in chemically modified wood: wood degradation and translocation of nitrogen compounds

Holzforschung ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Emmerich ◽  
Maja Bleckmann ◽  
Sarah Strohbusch ◽  
Christian Brischke ◽  
Susanne Bollmus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Action ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Untreated Wood ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Decay Resistance ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Decay Tests ◽  
Modified Wood

Abstract Chemical wood modification has been used to modify wood and improve its decay resistance. However, the mode of protective action is still not fully understood. Occasionally, outdoor products made from chemically modified timber (CMT) show internal decay while their outer shell remains intact. Hence, it was hypothesized that wood decay fungi may grow through CMT without losing their capability to degrade non-modified wood. This study aimed at developing a laboratory test set-up to investigate (1) whether decay fungi grow through CMT and (2) retain their ability to degrade non-modified wood. Acetylated and 1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU) treated wood were used in decay tests with modified ‘mantle specimens’ and untreated ‘core dowels’. It became evident that white rot (Trametes versicolor), brown rot (Coniophora puteana) and soft rot fungi can grow through CMT without losing their ability to degrade untreated wood. Consequently, full volume impregnation of wood with the modifying agent is required to achieve complete protection of wooden products. In decay tests with DMDHEU treated specimens, significant amounts of apparently non-fixated DMDHEU were translocated from modified mantle specimens to untreated wood cores. A diffusion-driven transport of nitrogen and DMDHEU seemed to be responsible for mass translocation during decay testing.

Research on Mechanical Properties of Several New Regenerated Cellulose Fibers

2011 ◽  
Vol 332-334 ◽  
pp. 489-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Zhou ◽  
Ming Xia Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Pulp Fiber ◽  
Pulp Fibers ◽  
Bast Fiber ◽  
Bamboo Pulp ◽  
Lyocell Fiber

Regenerated cellulose fiber is the most widely-used and most variety of cellulose fiber. Five categories and ten kinds of fibers such as lyocell fiber, modal fiber, bamboo pulp fiber, sheng-bast fiber, Outlast viscose fiber were chosen as the research object. The strength property and elasticity of fibers in dry and wet state were tested and analysis. The comprehensive performances of fabrics were studied and mechanical properties of the fibers were listed in the order from good to bad by grey clustering analysis. The results show lyocell G100 and lyocell LF have better comprehensive mechanical properties ,while other new regenerated cellulose fibers’ comprehensive mechanical properties are general. Among these fibers modal fiber’s comprehensive mechanical properties are slightly better than sheng-bast fibers’ and bamboo pulp fibers’. Modal fiber, sheng-bast fiber and Bamboo pulp fiber have no significantly poor single parameter and all of them have better comprehensive mechanical properties than various viscose fibers. Outlast viscose in which has been added phase change materials sensitive to temperature by Microcapsule techniques fundamentally keeps similar comprehensive mechanical properties with other regenerated cellulose fibers,but its properties decline slightly .

Properties of Flame-Retardant Cellulose Fibers Prepared from Cellulose[Amim]Cl Dope Solution

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 1152-1155
Author(s):  
Lei Gao ◽  
Bo Wen Cheng ◽  
Jun Song ◽  
Zeng Geng Guo ◽  
Fei Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Simultaneous Thermal Analysis ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Fiber Structure ◽  
Fiber Degradation ◽  
Dope Solution ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties

This paper has studied the structure and flame-retardant properties of flame-retardant cellulose fiber with DDPSN as flame retardant. The flame retardants was uniformly dispersed in the cellulose /[Amim]Cl Solution to obtain the good spinnable dope, then the dope was wet-spun. Effects of the flame-retardant contention the fiber structure and properties were investigated. The surface of the flame-retardant cellulose fiber was observed using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). Besides, through the Simultaneous thermal analysis, it has been shown that, with the increase of fame retardant, the degree of fame resistance was obviously improved. The flame retardant acted greatly in condensed phase during the fiber degradation and remained mainly in residues after degradation, the experiments show that the flame-retardant properties of flame-retardant cellulose fiber with 20wt% DDPSN was obvious.

Laccase-catalyzed functionalization with 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylurea significantly improves internal bond of particle boards

Holzforschung ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Fackler ◽  
Thomas Kuncinger ◽  
Thomas Ters ◽  
Ewald Srebotnik
Keyword(s):  
Internal Bond ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Untreated Wood ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Positive Interactions ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Wood Particles

Abstract Enzymatic functionalization is an attractive tool to provide a reactive interface for further processing of lignocellulosic materials, such as wood particles and fibers. Here, spruce wood particles have been functionalized by fungal laccase combined with 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzylamine (HMBA) or 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylurea (HMBU). The expectation was crosslinking with resins in subsequent glueing processes, which should improve strength properties of particle boards. Essential process parameters, such as liquid to solid mass ratio and treatment time, were optimized on a laboratory scale resulting in HMBA and HMBU binding yields of 90% and above as determined by radiochemical mass balance analysis. We employed a multifactorial experimental design for board production from treated wood particles and urea/formaldehyde resin. Mechanical testing and multivariate data analysis revealed, for the first time, an increase of internal bond (IB) as a result of functionalization with HMBU. HMBA was not successful. Variance analysis of relevant parameters and their interactions demonstrated a highly significant difference (P>99.99%) between boards treated with laccase/HMBU versus untreated wood particles. Due to positive interactions, functionalization was most effective at high bulk density (750 kg m-3) and high resin content (10%) resulting in a calculated IB improvement of 0.12 N m-2 (21%).

scholarly journals Application of Waterborne Acrylic and Solvent-Borne Polyester Coatings on Plasma-Treated Fir (Abies alba M.) Wood

Materials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 370
Author(s):  
Hadi Gholamiyan ◽  
Behnam Gholampoor ◽  
Reza Hosseinpourpia
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Untreated Wood ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Accelerated Weathering ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

This research investigates the effect of plasma treatment with air, nitrogen (N2), and carbon dioxide (CO2) gases on the performance of waterborne (acrylic) and solvent-borne (polyester) coated fir (Abies alba M.) wood samples. The properties of the plasma-coated samples were analyzed before and after exposure to accelerated weathering and compared with those of untreated and solely treated ones. According to pull-off testing, the coating adhesion of the wood samples was considerably improved by plasma treatment, and obvious differences were observed between different plasma gases. The effect was more pronounced after the weathering test. Similar results were obtained for the abrasion resistance of the samples. The water contact angle measurement illustrated more hydrophilic character in the solely plasma-treated wood in comparison with the untreated wood. The application of coatings, however, strongly improved its hydrophobic character. The performances of waterborne and solvent-borne coatings on plasma-treated wood were comparable, although slightly better values were obtained by the waterborne system. Our results exhibit the positive effect of plasma treatment on coating performances and the increased weather resistance of the waterborne and solvent-borne coating systems on plasma-treated wood.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Wood Biological Resistance and Fire Retardant Properties after Laccase Assisted Enzymatic Grafting

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1102
Author(s):  
Cristian Bolaño ◽  
Sabrina Palanti ◽  
Luigi Benni ◽  
Diego Moldes
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Wood Preservative ◽  
Decay Resistance ◽  
Kraft Lignin ◽  
Fire Retardant Properties ◽  
Wood Surfaces

Several treatments of wood, based on laccase assisted grafting, were evaluated in this paper. Firstly, the efficacy of lignosulfonate and kraft lignin from Eucalyptus spp. as a wood preservative was assessed. Both ligno products were anchored to wood surfaces via laccase treatment in order to avoid leaching. Moreover, some of these wood preservative treatments were completed with the addition of silver nanoparticles. For comparison, a commercial product was also analyzed in terms of its fungal decay resistance during surface application, in accordance to use class 3, CEN EN 335. Secondly, the anchoring of a flame retardant based on tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBPA) was attempted, to limit the dispersion of this toxic substance from treated wood. In both cases, kraft lignin and lignosulfonate showed an improvement in wood durability, even after leaching. However, the addition of silver nanoparticles did not improve the efficacy. On the other hand, the efficacy of TBBPA as a flame retardant was not improved by grafting it with laccase treatment or by adding O2, a co-factor of laccase.

scholarly journals COLOR CHANGE — MASS LOSS CORRELATION FOR HEAT-TREATED WOOD

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 345-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Marinela Olarescu ◽  
Mihaela Campean
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Untreated Wood ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Assessment Procedure ◽  
Mathematical Correlation ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Two Parameters

Heat treatment is renowned as the most environmentally friendly process of dimensional stabilization that can be applied to wood, in order to make it suitable for outdoor uses. It also darkens wood color and improves wood durability. The intensity of heat treatment can be appreciated by means of two parameters: the color change occured in wood due to the high temperature, and the mass loss, which is a measure of the degree of thermal degradation. In order to find a mathematical correlation between these two parameters, an experimental study was conducted with four European wood species, which were heat-treated at 180°C and 200ºC, for 1-3 hours, under atmosheric pressure.The paper presents the results concerning the color changes and mass losses recorded for the heat-treated wood samples compared to untreated wood.  For all four species, the dependency between the color change and the mass loss was found to be best described by a logarithmic regression equation with R2 of 0.93 to 0.99 for the soft species (spruce, pine and lime), and R2 of 0.77 for beech. The results of this study envisage to simplify the assessment procedure of the heat treatment efficiency, by only measuring the color – a feature that is both convenient and cost-effective. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document