Electrical and Optical Properties of Polysilicon Sheets for Photovoltaic Devices Grown From Powder

1990 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natko B. Urli
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Transport ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Zone Melting ◽  
Back Surface ◽  
Incoherent Light ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Pure Graphite

AbstractIn a search for low-cost and high efficiency solar cell manufacturing, several techniques of growing thin silicon sheets from powder have been adopted, such as: plasma spraying on various substrates, zone-melting using incoherent focussed light as heat source, and low-angle horizontal pulling of thin ribbon over the melted tin-lead support. Undoped, and n- and p-type silicon powders of various grain sizes have been used as starting materials, with pure graphite, quartz, or low-cost ceramics serving as temporary or permanent substrates. N+/p +/n junctions, and back surface fields were formed by implanting PF 5 and BF 3+ ions in a glow discharge ion implanter at ultralow energies (less than 1 keg) and high total ion doses. Ion induced damage was annealed by RTP in the incoherent light furnace at temperatures as low as 700°C.Structural and optoelectronic properties of as-grown and processed thin polysilicon sheets were determined by Raman spectroscopy, spectral response, and electrical transport measurements. A sharp peak at 520 cm−1 in the Raman spectra, associated with TO ((Г) phonons, indicated a good crystallinity of polysilicon sheets. High values of short-circuit currents, and an almost flat spectral response down to 400 nm, without intentionally applying a surface passivating oxide, illustrate the advantage of the applied novel technologies.

The Effect of Al-BSF on Seff and Rb in Industrialized Mono-Silicon Solar Cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 472-475 ◽  
pp. 1846-1850
Author(s):  
Shan Shan Dai ◽  
Gao Jie Zhang ◽  
Xiang Dong Luo ◽  
Jing Xiao Wang ◽  
Wen Jun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Rear Surface ◽  
Surface Recombination ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Surface Recombination Velocity ◽  
Silicon Solar Cells ◽  
Back Surface

In this work, the effect of aluminum back surface field formed by screen printed various amount of Al paste on the effective rear surface recombination velocity (Seff) and the internal rear reflectance coeffeicient (Rb) of commercial mono-silicon solar cells was investigated. We demonstrated the effect of Seffand Rbon the performance of Al-BSF solar cells by simulating them with PC1D. The simulated results showed that the lower Seffcould get higher open circuit voltage (Voc), at the same time, the larger Rbcould get higher short-circuit current (Isc). Experimentally, we investigated the Seffand Rbthrough depositing Al paste with various amount (3.7, 5, 6, and 8 mg/cm2) for fabricating Al-BSF mono-silicon solar cells. Four group cells were characterized by light I-V, spectral response, hemispherical reflectance and scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurements. It was found that, a minimum Seffof 350 cm/s was gotten from the cells with Al paste of 8 mg/cm2, which was extracted by matching quantum efficiency (QE) from 800 nm to 1200 nm with PC1D, and a maximum Rbof 53.5% was obtained from Al paste of 5 mg/cm2by calculating at 1105 nm with PC1D. When the amount of Al paste was higher than 5mg/cm2, there were less Seffand lower Rb. On the other hand, when Al amount was 3.7mg/cm2, it was too little to form a closed BSF. Based on the SEM graphs and simulations with PC1D, a simple explaination was proposed for the experimental results.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in TiO2-Based Heterojunctions for Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction With Water Oxidation: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Li ◽  
Chao Teng ◽  
Shuang Wang ◽  
Qianhao Min
Keyword(s):  
Water Oxidation ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Photocatalytic Performance ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Ultraviolet Region ◽  
Recent Advances

Photocatalytic conversion of CO2 into solar fuels has gained increasing attention due to its great potential for alleviating the energy and environmental crisis at the same time. The low-cost TiO2 with suitable band structure and high resistibility to light corrosion has proven to be very promising for photoreduction of CO2 using water as the source of electrons and protons. However, the narrow spectral response range (ultraviolet region only) as well as the rapid recombination of photo-induced electron-hole pairs within pristine TiO2 results in the low utilization of solar energy and limited photocatalytic efficiency. Besides, its low selectivity toward photoreduction products of CO2 should also be improved. Combination of TiO2 with other photoelectric active materials, such as metal oxide/sulfide semiconductors, metal nanoparticles and carbon-based nanostructures, for the construction of well-defined heterostructures can enhance the quantum efficiency significantly by promoting visible light adsorption, facilitating charge transfer and suppressing the recombination of charge carriers, resulting in the enhanced photocatalytic performance of the composite photocatalytic system. In addition, the adsorption and activation of CO2 on these heterojunctions are also promoted, therefore enhancing the turnover frequency (TOF) of CO2 molecules, so as to the improved selectivity of photoreduction products. This review focus on the recent advances of photocatalytic CO2 reduction via TiO2-based heterojunctions with water oxidation. The rational design, fabrication, photocatalytic performance and CO2 photoreduction mechanisms of typical TiO2-based heterojunctions, including semiconductor-semiconductor (S-S), semiconductor-metal (S-M), semiconductor-carbon group (S-C) and multicomponent heterojunction are reviewed and discussed. Moreover, the TiO2-based phase heterojunction and facet heterojunction are also summarized and analyzed. In the end, the current challenges and future prospects of the TiO2-based heterostructures for photoreduction of CO2 with high efficiency, even for practical application are discussed.

High efficiency p+-n-n+ back-surface field silicon solar cells with very large short-circuit current densities

Solar Cells ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Nijs ◽  
J. Van Meerbergen ◽  
F. D'Hoore ◽  
R. Mertens ◽  
R. Van Overstraeten
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Silicon Solar Cells ◽  
Back Surface ◽  
Back Surface Field ◽  
Surface Field ◽  
Current Densities

Development of High Efficiency Thin Film Polycrystalline Silicon Solar Cells using Vest Process

1997 ◽  
Vol 485 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ishihara ◽  
S. Arimoto ◽  
H. Morikawa ◽  
Y. Nishimoto ◽  
Y. Kawama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Front Surface ◽  
Zone Melting ◽  
Back Surface ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Hydrogen Implantation ◽  
Si Films

AbstractThin film Si solar cell has been developed using Via-hole Etching for the Separation of Thin films(VEST) process. The process is based on SOI technology of zone-melting recrystallization (ZMR) followed by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), separation of thin film, and screen printing. Key points for achieving high efficiency are (1)quality of Si films, (2)back surface emitter (BSE), (3)front surface emitter etch-back process, (4)back surface field (BSF) layer thickness and its resistivity, and (5)defect passivation by hydrogen implantation. As a result of experiments, we have achieved 16% efficiency(Voc:0.589V, Jsc:35.6mA/cm2, F.E:0.763) with a cell size of 95.8cm2 and the thickness of 77μm. It is the highest efficiency ever reported for large area thin film Si solar cells.

scholarly journals Integrating Concentrated Optics for Ambient Perovskite Solar Cells

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2714
Author(s):  
Maria Khalid ◽  
Anurag Roy ◽  
Shubhranshu Bhandari ◽  
Senthilarasu Sundaram ◽  
Tapas K. Mallick
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Rapid Improvement

Metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are considered an effectual way to enhance photovoltaic (PV) properties, leading to low-cost and high efficiency. PSCs have experienced rapid improvement in the last ten years. The device’s energy production increases extensively in the presence of concentrated light. The use of concentrated optics in solar cells has spurred the PV industry towards tremendous research. Incorporating the concentrated optic into the PV system as a concentrated PV (CPV) means it can capture light effectively and operate at increased efficiencies under concentrated irradiance. This work addresses an initial assessment of the power conversion efficiency (PCE) enhancement of the ambient PSCs by externally integrating concentrated optics. Significantly, the concentrated optics exhibit ~90% of the PCE enhancement under the solar irradiance of 400 W/m2, whereas 16% of the PCE increase was observed when the solar irradiance changed to 1000 W/m2. During optics integration, a considerable elevation of short-circuit current predominately facilitated the overall efficiency enhancement of the PSC. A systematic PV parameters effect on the optic integration on PSCs was further scrutinized. Therefore, this work signifies a possible way to alleviate the PCE of carbon-based PSC using concentrated optics. This work focuses on integrating CPVs into PSCs, preventing PSC stability and scalability issues, with light conditioning techniques.

Effects of Barrier Width on Spectral Response of Strained Layer Superlattices for High Efficiency Solar Cells

2009 ◽  
Vol 1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey K. Bradshaw ◽  
Conrad Zachary Carlin ◽  
Peter C. Colter ◽  
Jeffrey L. Harmon ◽  
Joshua P. Samberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Zero Bias ◽  
Fully Depleted ◽  
Strained Layer ◽  
High Efficiency Solar Cells ◽  
Strained Layer Superlattices

AbstractCharacteristics of strained layer superlattices (SLS) consisting of alternating layers InxGa1-xAs and GaAs1-yPy are examined for use in high efficiency solar cells. The effects of SLS quantum barrier widths on tunneling probability and short circuit current are discussed through analysis of J-V and spectral response measurements. Results indicate a threshold barrier thickness for which tunneling effects are deleterious. Effect of the number of SLS periods incorporated into a p-i-n structure and maximum number of periods are presented through spectral response and CV analysis. It is demonstrated that SLS show increasing responsivity with increasing number of periods due to higher absorption. CV analysis is performed to determine zero bias depletion widths for verifying appropriate number of SLS periods and fully depleted SLS region.

The Essence and Efficiency Limits of Bulk-Heterostructure Organic Solar Cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 1390 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Alam ◽  
B. Ray ◽  
M. Khan ◽  
S. Dongaonkar
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solar Cells ◽  
Carrier Transport ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Bulk Heterojunction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Future Improvement

Abstract:Since its introduction in early 1990s, bulk-heterojunction organic photovoltaic solar cell (BHJ-OPV) has promised high-efficiency at ultra-low cost and weight, with potential for non-traditional applications such as building-integrated PV. There is a widespread presumption, however, that the complexity of morphology makes carrier transport in OPV irreducibly complicated, and possibly, beyond predictive modeling. In this paper, we use elementary and intuitive arguments to derive the fundamental thermodynamic as well as morphology-specific practical limits of BHJ-OPV efficiency. We find that constraints of the percolation threshold and trade-off among short-circuit current, open circuit voltage, and fill factor make substantial improvement in OPV efficiency difficult. We posit that future improvement in OPV will rely not on morphology engineering, or reducing the polymer bandgap, but on increasing both the effective μ × τ product and the cross-gap between donor/acceptors. Even if the OPV fails to achieve the highest efficiency anticipated by the thermodynamic limit, its novel form factor, lightweight, and transparency can make it a commercially viable option for many applications.

scholarly journals Simulation of CdTe, CIGS and CZTS Solar Cells using WxAMPS Software

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galib Hashmi ◽  
Md. Shawkot Hossain ◽  
Mohammad Junaebur Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Buffer Layers ◽  
Back Surface ◽  
Optical Parameters ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Tin Sulfide

Abstract Solar cells made of Cadmium telluride (CdTe), copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) and copper zinc tin sulfide (CZTS) are currently the most widely studied thin film technologies.To increase the performance and for better understanding of the behavior of CdTe, CIGS and CZTS solar cell simulations have been performed using WxAMPS software. Moreover, all the solar cells have been simulated with different buffer layers and transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layers such as Cadmium Sulphide (CdS), Zinc Sulphide (ZnS), Aluminum Zinc Oxide (AZO) and Indium Tin Oxide (ITO).Variations in the thickness and doping concentrations of TCO layers, buffer layers, and absorber layers have been done to test the performance of the solar cells.The effects of using a Back-Surface Reflector (BSR) layer made of Zinc Telluride (ZnTe) have also been studied.Furthermore, the simulation work is exceptional in this regard since all of the layers of CdTe, CIGS, and CZTS solar cells were modeled using optical parameters (absorption coefficients) from the literature. All the solar cell's open circuit voltage (Voc), short circuit current (Isc), maximum power (Pm), fill factor (FF), and photovoltaic efficiencies have been represented in this work. The simulation results may provide valuable insight in developing and better understanding of high-efficiency thin film solar cells.

scholarly journals ABX3 inorganic halide perovskites for solar cells: chemical and crystal structure stability

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Moisés Díaz-Acosta ◽  
Antonia Martínez-Luévanos ◽  
Sofía Estrada-Flores ◽  
Lucia Fabiola Cano-Salazar ◽  
Elsa Nadia Aguilera-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Structure Stability ◽  
Halide Perovskites ◽  
Halide Perovskite

ABSTRACT Solar energy is one of the most promising and developed technologies in recent years, due to its high efficiency and low cost. Perovskite-type solar cells have been the focus of attention by the world scientific community. The main objective of this article is to present an (PSCs) analysis of the various investigations reported on the development of ABX3 inorganic halide perovskite-based solar cells, with emphasis in the effect that temperature and humidity have on their chemical and crystal structure stability. The main methods that are used to obtain ABX3 inorganic halide perovskites are also presented and analyzed. An analysis about the structure of these photovoltaic cells and how to improve their efficiency (PCS), fill factor (FF), short circuit current density (Jsc) and open circuit voltage (Voc) of these devices is presented. As a conclusion, a relationship of the methods, synthesis variables, and type of inorganic halide perovskite used for the development of devices with the best efficiencies is presented; the trends towards which this area of science is heading are also highlighted.

Numerical Simulation on Effects of TCO Work Function on Performance of a-Si:H Solar Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 966 ◽  
pp. 501-506
Author(s):  
Ahmad Sholih ◽  
Dadan Hamdani ◽  
Sigit Tri Wicaksono ◽  
Mas Irfan P. Hidayat ◽  
Yoyok Cahyono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Work Function ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Conducting Oxides ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies

In this paper, we have investigated the effect of the work function of transparent conducting oxides (TCO) on the performance of a-Si:H p-i-n solar cells, including open circuit voltage (VOC), short circuit current (JSC), fill factor (FF) and conversion efficiency, using AFORS-HET software. The simulation has focused on two layers: front contact work function (ΦTCO-front) and back contact work function (ΦTCO-back) with various band from 4.7 eV to 5.3 eV and 4.2 eV to 4.9 eV respectively. From the simulation results, we know that the work function of TCO greatly affects the performance of solar cells such as Voc, Jsc, FF and conversion efficiency. By optimization, we arrive at results for Voc, Jsc, FF and conversion efficiencies of 0.88 V, 8.95 mA / cm2, 65% and 5.1% respectively. This result is obtained on ΦTCO-front 5.2 eV. When ΦTCO-front 5.2 eV, the value of VOC, FF and conversion efficiency has been saturated, while the value of the J sc actually begins to decrease. Furthermore, when the ΦTCO - back is 4.3 eV, we get the best results for VOC, Jsc, FF and conversion Efficiency of 0.9 V, 8.96 mA / cm2, 73 % and 5.9 % respectively. When ΦTCO-back 4.3 eV, the value of VOC, FF and conversion efficiency begins to decrease, while the value of the Jsc does’t change significantly. These optimizations may help in producing low cost high efficiency p-i-n solar cells experimentally.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document