Synthesis, Transport And Microstructural Properties of Nd1.85Ce0.15CuO4‐δ

1989 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong‐Gyu Lee ◽  
K.V. Ramanujachary ◽  
M. Greenblattî
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solution Method ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Uniform Size ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solid State Route ◽  
Solution Precursor ◽  
Solution Route ◽  
State Resistance

AbstractThe n‐type superconductor, Nd1.85Ce0.15CuO4‐δ has been prepared by solid state reaction and solution precursor techniques under various conditions and characterized by means of X‐ray diffraction, magnetic susceptibility, electrical resistivity and SEM measurements. Samples prepared by solution method displayed higher normal state resistance but better superconducting volume fractions than those prepared by conventional ceramic techniques. In addition, the solution precursor technique reduces the sintering temperature from 1150°C (used for solid‐state route) to 1000°C in achieving the superconducting phase. The solution‐route yields particles with relatively uniform size distribution, but poor connectivity between the grains. In contrast, the solid state preparations yield well connected grains but with a larger distribution of sizes. The observed differences in the superconducting properties of samples prepared by different techniques have been attributed to the differences in their microstructure.

Microstructure Properties of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-BaZrO3 Piezoelectric Ceramics

2012 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 310-313
Author(s):  
Jenn Sen Lin ◽  
Teng Chin Yu ◽  
Cheng Hsing Hsu ◽  
Ci Jie Huang ◽  
His Wen Yang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solid State Route ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Conventional Solid State Route ◽  
Scanning Electron

The microstructure properties of the perovskite Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-BaZrO3 ceramics were prepared with the conventional solid-state route have been investigated. The resultant microstructure properties were analyzed based upon the densification, the X-ray diffraction patterns and scanning electron microscopy. The correlation between the microstructures and the sintering temperature was also examined.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Na+ Ion Conductivity of Stoichiometric Na3Zr2Si2PO12 by Liquid-Phase Sintering with NaPO3 Glass

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3790
Author(s):  
Yongzheng Ji ◽  
Tsuyoshi Honma ◽  
Takayuki Komatsu
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Liquid Phase Sintering ◽  
Ion Conductivity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Conventional Solid State Reaction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sintering Time ◽  
Lower Activation

Sodium super ionic conductor (NASICON)-type Na3Zr2Si2PO12 (NZSP) with the advantages of the high ionic conductivity, stability and safety is one of the most famous solid-state electrolytes. NZSP, however, requires the high sintering temperature about 1200 °C and long sintering time in the conventional solid-state reaction (SSR) method. In this study, the liquid-phase sintering (LPS) method was applied to synthesize NZSP with the use of NaPO3 glass with a low glass transition temperature of 292 °C. The formation of NZSP was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analyses in the samples obtained by the LPS method for the mixture of Na2ZrSi2O7, ZrO2, and NaPO3 glass. The sample sintered at 1000 °C for 10 h exhibited a higher Na+ ion conductivity of 1.81 mS/cm at 100 °C and a lower activation energy of 0.18 eV compared with the samples prepared by the SSR method. It is proposed that a new LPE method is effective for the synthesis of NZSP and the NaPO3 glass has a great contribution to the Na+ diffusion at the grain boundaries.

Electrical Properties of Modified BNT Based Lead-Free Ceramics

2016 ◽  
Vol 872 ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Supalak Manotham ◽  
Tawee Tunkasiri ◽  
Pharatree Jaita ◽  
Pichitchai Butnoi ◽  
Denis Russell Sweatman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Ferroelectric Properties ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lead Free Ceramics

The properties of modified Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 (BNT) based lead-free ceramics were investigated. The BNT-based ceramics were prepared by a solid-state mixed oxide method Phase formation was determined by X-ray diffraction technique (XRD). The X-ray diffraction analysis of the ceramics suggested that all samples exhibited a perovskite structure without second phase. The value of dielectric constant increased with increasing in sintering temperature. Moreover, high sintering temperatures could improve ferroelectric properties of BNT base lead-free ceramics.

Microstructures of Zirconium Titanate Powders and Ceramics Prepared by Solid-State Mixed Oxide Method

2008 ◽  
Vol 55-57 ◽  
pp. 145-148
Author(s):  
C. Puchmark ◽  
P. Tipparak
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Zirconium Titanate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Jcpds File ◽  
Scanning Electron

Zirconium titanate (ZrTiO4): ZT powders were prepared by solid-state mixed oxide method. The mixed powder was calcined at various temperatures for 3 h ranging from 1100 to 1400 oC with a heating rate of 5 oC/min. X-ray diffraction analysis of the powders was performed using a diffractometer with Cu Ka. Pyrochlore phase was observed for calcinations below 1300 oC. In general, the strongest reflections apparent in patterns could be matched with a JCPDS file number 74-1504. The optimum calcination temperature for the formation of ZrTiO4 phase was found to be about 1300 oC for 3 h with heating rate of 5 oC/min. The microstructures of calcined powders were examined using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The particle size of powder increased with increasing calcination temperature. The ZT ceramics sintered at 1450, 1500, 1550 and 1600 oC for 4 h with heating rate of 5 oC/min, were checked for phase formation by X-ray diffraction. The density of sintered samples was measured by Archimedes method. The microstructures of sintered samples were examined using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The average grain sizes were checked by linear interception method. It was found that, the samples sintered at 1450 and 1500 oC gave rise to high purity ZT ceramics and the peaks matched well with ZrTiO4 phase in a JCPDS file number 74-1504. Unknown phases were found in ZT ceramics sintered at 1550 and 1600 oC. The value of density was in the range of 4.32 - 4.92 g/cm3 or 84.26 - 96.12 % of the ZT theoretical density. The densification of ZT ceramics decreased with increasing sintering temperature. The ZT ceramics sintered at 1450 and 1500 oC showed the average grain size of 8.55 and 12.55 µm, respectively. At sintering temperature 1550 and 1600 oC, morphology of grains changed to plate like crystals of second phases.

The Effect of Stoichiometry to the Phase Formation of Barium Titanate

2012 ◽  
Vol 620 ◽  
pp. 198-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meor Ahmad Faris ◽  
Cheow Keat Yeoh ◽  
W.M. Arif ◽  
Pei Leng Teh ◽  
Nadia Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Barium Titanate ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Barium Carbonate ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

This paper focus on the effect of different ratio between barium (Ba) and titanium (Ti) to the production of high purity of barium titanate (BT). On this research, the sample was prepared by solid-state reaction between barium carbonate (BaCO3) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) powder at constant sintering temperature of 1350 °C. The sample was prepared at different ratio of Ba:Ti which are 1:0.9, 1:0.95, 1:1, 1:1.05, 1:1.1. All sintered BT was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). All existed phase on these samples was determined and analyzed. Sample from ratio 1:1 produced almost a single phase of BT. While; samples from other ratio produce secondary phase which is barium orthotitanate (Ba2TiO4).

GROWTH OF Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 THIN FILMS BY A SIMPLE ECO-FRIENDLY SOLUTION ROUTE METHOD

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (04) ◽  
pp. 1250034 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. ZHANG ◽  
Z. Q. LI ◽  
Y. R. CHEN ◽  
J. J. LI ◽  
Z. SUN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spin Coating ◽  
Power Conversion ◽  
Inert Atmosphere ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
Precursor Film ◽  
Photovoltaic Devices ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solution Precursor ◽  
Solution Route

A simple and hydrazine-free solution-based approach for depositing Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) and Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) absorber layers is reported. The process involves incorporating metal salts (Cu(CH3COO)2, Zn(CH3COO)2, SnCl2) and thiourea into a single pyridine-based solution, spin-coating a precursor film, and sulfurizing with sulfur powders or selenizing using Se pellets in an inert atmosphere, to form the desired CZTS or CZTSSe films. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectra studies show that kesterite CZTS and CZTSSe are formed after sulfurization and selenization, respectively. The selenized CZTSSe displays higher crystallinity than the sulfurized CZTS. Photovoltaic devices (glass/ Mo /CZTSSe/ CdS /i- ZnO /n- ZnO /A) employing the solution precursor selenized at 500°C have yielded power conversion efficiency of 1.44% under AM 1.5 illumination.

scholarly journals A NOVEL OCTAHEDRAL NIOBIUM OXYCHLORIDE CLUSTER BUILT FROM INTERCONNECTED Nb6Cl12O4 UNITS: Cs2Sc3Nb1227O8

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-116
Author(s):  
Fakhili Gulo
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Stoichiometric Mixture ◽  
Orthorhombic System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solid State Route ◽  
Valence Electrons

A novel octahedral niobium cluster oxychloride compound, Cs2Sc3Nb12Cl27O8 was synthesized by solid-state route techniques from stoichiometric mixture of CsCl, Sc2O3, Nb, NbCl5, and Nb2O5, heated at 700 °C for two days. The crystal structure was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction method. It crystallizes in orthorhombic system with space group of Pnma, a = 17.5206(1) Å, b = 29.6899(3) Å, c = 9.2114(1) Å, and V = 4791.63(8) Å3. The structure is based on  unit in which four oxygen ligands selectively occupy inner positions arranged in sets of three and one on opposite side of the Nb6 octahedron. Each cluster shares three apical-chlorine ligands with three adjacent clusters to form layers with topology similar to that of graphite. The cluster units are also connected to each other by both cesium and scandium atoms to form a three-dimensional framework. This compound exhibits 14 valence electrons per cluster.

scholarly journals Microwave dielectric properties and vibrational spectroscopic analysis of MgTe2O5 ceramics

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1551-1556 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Subodh ◽  
R. Ratheesh ◽  
M.V. Jacob ◽  
M.T. Sebastian
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Microwave Dielectric Properties ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solid State Route ◽  
Microwave Dielectric ◽  
Structure And Microstructure

MgTe2O5 ceramics were prepared by solid-state route. These materials were sintered in the temperature range of 640–720 °C. The structure and microstructure of the compound was investigated using x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The dielectric properties of the ceramics were studied in the frequency range 4–6 GHz. The MgTe2O5 ceramics have a dielectric constant (ϵr) of 10.5, quality factors (Qu × f) of 61000 at 5.3 GHz, and temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τf) of −45 ppm/°C at the optimized sintering temperature of 700 °C. The microwave dielectric properties of these materials at cryogenic temperatures were also investigated.

The Synthesis of Ultrafine Ba/Sr Titanate Powders

1991 ◽  
Vol 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.H. Lin ◽  
T.S. Yan ◽  
T.S. Chin
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Solid Solutions ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solid State Sintering ◽  
Sintering Method

ABSTRACTBa/Sr titanate powders were obtained by reacting TiO2.xH2O gel in Ba(OH)2 and/or Sr(OH)2 aqueous solution. Different reaction temperatures between 68°C and 98°C and different mole ratios of Ba(OH)2 and Sr(OH)2 were used.X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the titanate powders are cubic, and they are solid solutions of barium and strontium. The lattace spaces of the titanates are affected by the Ba(OH)g/ Sr(OH)g, mole ratio. TEM analysis showed that the titanate powders were spherical, ultrafine, and almost monodispersed. The particle size of the powders is about from 41 to 50 nm depending on the reaction temperature.The titanate powders were compacted and sintered at various temperatures. The best sintering temperature of the powders is about 150°C lower than that of powders made by solid state sintering method.

Effect of Sintering Behaviors on Microwave Dielectric Properties of (Ca0.3Sr0.1)Sm0.4TiO3 Ceramics

2014 ◽  
Vol 602-603 ◽  
pp. 738-741
Author(s):  
Cheng Hsing Hsu ◽  
Shang Hung Tsai ◽  
Wen Shiush Chen ◽  
Chun Hung Lai ◽  
Jenn Sen Lin
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Microwave Dielectric Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solid State Route ◽  
Microwave Dielectric ◽  
Sintering Conditions ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Conventional Solid State Route

The microstructure and dielectric properties of the (Ca0.3Sr0.1)Sm0.4TiO3 ceramics with various sintering conditions have been investigated. The compounds were prepared by the conventional solid-state route with various sintering temperatures from 1340 to 1400°C and sintering duration from 3 h. The resultant microwave dielectric properties were analyzed based upon the densification, the X-ray diffraction patterns and the microstructures of the ceramics. The correlation between the microstructures, the microwave dielectric properties and sintering behaviors was also examined. The εr value of 96.7 and Q×f value of 11,600 GHz were obtained for (Ca0.3Sr0.1)Sm0.4TiO3 ceramics sintering at 1370°C for 3 h. The (Ca0.3Sr0.1)Sm0.4TiO3 ceramics had suitable dielectric properties can find applications in microwave devices such as resonator, filter and antenna.

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