Microstructure and Magnetic Behavior of Fe/Ti Multilayered Films

1988 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Ono ◽  
Michio Nitta ◽  
Masahiko Naoe
Keyword(s):  
Saturation Magnetization ◽  
Magnetic Behavior ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Intensity ◽  
Multilayered Films ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Compositional Modulation ◽  
Periodic Microstructure ◽  
Ar Gas ◽  
Bcc Phase

ABSTRACTFe/Ti multilayered films composed of Fe and Ti layers with various thickness ( dFe of 10 ∼ 1000 A and dTi of 10 ∼ 200 A ) have been prepared at Ar gas pressure of 2 mTorr by two pairs of Facing Targets Sputtering apparatus which can deposit very thin and continuous films on plasma-free substrates. The total thickness of Fe layers was 1000 A in all of the specimen films.The periodic microstructure due to compositional modulation was clearly observed not only in the low angle region of X-ray diffraction diagrams but also in the Auger electron spectroscopic depth profile.With decreasing dFe from 1000 to 20 A, the diffraction intensity of (110) plane in the Fe bcc phase lowered for dTi of 10∼200 A and its interplanar spacing ( d-spacing ) increased for dTi above 50A. This diffraction peak disappeared with further decreasing d below 15 A. At dFe around 25 A, a different peak appeared at the angle slightly lower than that of Fe(110) peak. The diffraction intensity of (002) plane in the Ti hcp phase increased with decreasing dFe. However, its d-spacing depended little on the dFe and took the same value as that of bulk Ti except for very small dTi.The net saturation magnetization of Fe layers in all of the specimen films decreased gradually with decreasing dFe from 1000 to 50 A, decreased abruptly with further decreasing dFe and became nearly zero at dFe below 15A.The films annealed at 200 and 400 °C showed obscure periodic microstructure and had larger d-spacing of ∝ −Fe(110) and smaller saturation magnetization than those of the as-deposited ones.

A Novel Porous Ferromagnetic Glass-Ceramic for Hyperthermia Application

2013 ◽  
Vol 454 ◽  
pp. 288-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian An Liu ◽  
Mei Mei Zhang ◽  
Xue Na Yang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Saturation Magnetization ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Magnetic Measurements ◽  
Magnetic Behavior ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

A novel porous ferromagnetic glass-ceramic has been synthesized with glassceramic and hydroxyapatite for hyperthermia application. The glassceramic was obtained from a melt derived glass, and the hydroxyapatite was prepared via precipitation method with biological template (YEAST). Both components of such a mixture were sintered at 1000 °C for 1 hour in graphite. The sample was characterized by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and magnetic measurements. This material exhibited magnetic behavior and porosity. The results show that porous ferromagnetic glass-ceramic, which saturation magnetization (Ms) of about 25 A·m2/kg and diameter of porous 30-50μm, was obtained.

Investigation of the Bulk Nd60-xDyxFe30Al10 (x=0, 2, 5) Amorphous Alloys

2005 ◽  
Vol 475-479 ◽  
pp. 3393-3396
Author(s):  
Hui Xu ◽  
Xiao Hua Tan ◽  
Nannan Qi ◽  
Qing Wang ◽  
Yuanda Dong
Keyword(s):  
Saturation Magnetization ◽  
Amorphous Alloys ◽  
Magnetic Behavior ◽  
Glass Forming Ability ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Soft Magnetic ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Glass Forming ◽  
Intrinsic Coercivity

The glass-forming ability, thermal stability and magnetic properties of the Nd60-xDyxFe30Al10 (x=0, 2, 5) bulk amorphous alloys were investigated by x-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results show that the glass forming ability of the Nd60-xDyxFe30Al10 (x=0, 2, 5) alloys decrease with increasing Dy content. The as-cast Nd60-xDyxFe30Al10 (x=0, 2, 5) alloys show hard magnetic behavior at room temperature. With increasing Dy content, the intrinsic coercivity of the alloys increase significantly while the saturation magnetization and remanence of the alloys decrease monotonously. With increasing annealed temperature, the intrinsic coercivity of the Nd55Fe30Al10Dy5 alloy decreased significantly, while the saturation magnetization and remanence decrease monotonously. The Nd55Fe30Al10Dy5 alloy shows soft magnetic behavior after annealed at 773K for 30 min.

scholarly journals Effects of Al3+ Substitution on Structural and Magnetic Behavior of CoFe2O4 Ferrite Nanomaterials

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Lin ◽  
Yun He ◽  
Jianmei Xu ◽  
Jinpei Lin ◽  
Zeping Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saturation Magnetization ◽  
Cobalt Ferrite ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Magnetic Behavior ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Cubic Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Superparamagnetic Behavior ◽  
X Ray

A sol-gel autocombustion method was used to synthesize Al3+ ion-substituted cobalt ferrite CoAlxFe2−xO4 (x = 0–1.5). According to X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), cobalt ferrite was in a single cubic phase after being calcined at 1000 °C for 3 h. Moreover, the lattice constant decreased with increase in aluminum substituents. When the sample was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), we found that uniformly sized, well-crystallized grains were distributed in the sample. Furthermore, we confirmed that Al3+ ion-substituted cobalt ferrite underwent a transition from ferrimagnetic to superparamagnetic behavior; the superparamagnetic behavior was completely correlated with the increase in Al3+ ion concentration at room temperature. All these findings were observed in Mössbauer spectra. For the cobalt ferrite CoAlxFe2−xO4, the coercivity and saturation magnetization decrease with an increase in aluminum content. When the annealing temperature of CoAl0.1Fe1.9O4 was steadily increased, the coercivity and saturation magnetization initially increased and then decreased.

Magnetic Evaluation of Ni-Zn Ferrites Doped with Aluminium

2012 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 528-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.T.A. Santos ◽  
Daniel Cornejo ◽  
P.T.A. Santos ◽  
Hélio Lucena Lira ◽  
Ana Cristina Figueiredo de Melo Costa
Keyword(s):  
Saturation Magnetization ◽  
Coercive Field ◽  
Magnetic Behavior ◽  
Average Crystallite Size ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Soft Magnetic ◽  
Reaction Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Zn Ferrite ◽  
Before And After

Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe1.97Al0.3O4ferrites were synthesized by combustion reaction method and after calcined at 700°C/1 h, with the aim to investigate how the Al3+ions substitution byNi2+ions can influence the magnetic properties. The results from X-ray diffraction showed the formation of a unique Ni-Zn ferrite phase with average crystallite size of 8 and 22nm, before and after calcination, respectively. The synthesize samples presented a superparamagnetic behavior, with saturation magnetization of 0.9 emu/g, and coercive field of 0.05 kOe, and after calcination the samples presented soft magnetic behavior with saturation magnetization of 40.0 emu/g and coercive field of 0.04 kOe.

Electron Microscopy/Diffraction Study of the Ternary Mn-Er-S System

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-77
Author(s):  
A. R. Landa Canovas ◽  
L.C. Otero Diaz ◽  
T. White ◽  
B.G. Hyde
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Graphite Crucible ◽  
Nominal Composition ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Alumina Crucible ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Intermediate Phases ◽  
Twin Band ◽  
Ar Gas

X-Ray diffraction revealed two intermediate phases in the system MnS+Er2S3,:MnEr2S4= MnS.Er2S3, and MnEr4S7= MnS.2Er2S3. Their structures may be described as NaCl type, chemically twinned at the unit cell level, and isostructural with CaTi2O4, and Y5S7 respectively; i.e. {l13} NaCl twin band widths are (4,4) and (4,3).The present study was to search for structurally-related (twinned B.) structures and or possible disorder, using the more sensitive and appropiate technigue of electron microscopy/diffraction.A sample with nominal composition MnEr2S4 was made by heating Mn3O4 and Er2O3 in a graphite crucible and a 5% H2S in Ar gas flow at 1500°C for 4 hours. A small amount of this material was thenannealed, in an alumina crucible, contained in sealed evacuated silica tube, for 24 days at 1100°C. Both samples were studied by X-ray powder diffraction, and in JEOL 2000 FX and 4000 EX microscopes.

Compositional Modulation and its Optoelectric Properties of Zn(S,Se,Te) Crystals Grown by Hydrogen Radical-Enhanced CVD

1995 ◽  
Vol 417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Fujiwara ◽  
Toshihiro Ii ◽  
Isamu Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Deep Level ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Small Shift ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Compositional Modulation ◽  
Peak Energy ◽  
Large Lattice ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Hydrogen Radical

AbstractHigh-quality (ZnS)n(ZnSe)12n and (ZnSe)n(ZnTe)11n (n=1∼4) crystals were grown at a low temperature of 200°C by hydrogen radical-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. From satellite peaks in x-ray diffraction spectra, these periodic structure crystals were confirmed to be grown coherently on substrates, in spite of large lattice mismatches between the grown layers and the substrates (͛=4∼7%). In photoluminescence (PL) spectra of these films, strong band-edge emissions were predominantly observed, resulting from a suppression of deep-level emissions. We found that the PL peak energy of (ZnSe)n(ZnTe)11n shifts systematically to lower energy by 200 meV with changes in the number of ZnSe layers (n), while relatively small shift of 13 meV was observed in (ZnS)n(ZnSe)12n. These discrepancy can be attributed to the difference of band-lineups or chemical natures of constituent atoms in these crystals.

Quantitative Phase Analysis By Linear Regression of Chemistry on X-Ray Diffraction Intensity

1987 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Renault
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Quantitative Phase Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Intensity ◽  
Mineralogical Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Reduction Program ◽  
Speed Of Analysis ◽  
Artificial Mixtures

AbstractXRF and XRD measurements made on a single pressed powder briquet can be combined to give more quantitative information than either technique employed alone. Speed of analysis and simplification of sample preparation are also enhanced. The algorithm presented here uses multiple linear regression of the concentrations of one or more elements on the corrected X-ray diffraction intensities of the phases containing them. The data reduction program runs on a microcomputer. Data are presented to show its application to mineralogical analysis of artificial mixtures of quartz, microcline (a feldspar) and calcite.

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