Possible Complex Formation of Actinides with Organic Matter and Phosphate in Deep Groundwaters. Speciation Calculations and Data Evaluation

1988 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Aidersson
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Complex Formation ◽  
Data Evaluation ◽  
Deep Groundwater ◽  
Trivalent Actinides ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Phosphate Species ◽  
Solid Phases

ABSTRACTCalculations of solubility and speciation of U, Th, Ip, Pu, and An in a deep groundwater, containing humlc acid and phosphate have been performed, using the PHRBEQB equilibrium code. Where equilibrium data are missing, estimates have been made.Some of the studied complexes and solid phases may be of importance to the actinide behaviour in deep groundwaters, eg AmPO4(s) and several aqueous phosphate species and also humic acid for trivalent actinides.

Characterization of dissolved organic matter (DOM) extracted from soils by hot water percolation (HWP)

2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Takács ◽  
Gy. Füleky
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Soil Extracts ◽  
Water Percolation ◽  
Soil Humic Acid

The Hot Water Percolation (HWP) technique for preparing soil extracts has several advantages: it is easily carried out, fast, and several parameters can be measured from the same solution. The object of this study was to examine the possible use of HWP extracts for the characterization of soil organic matter. The HPLC-SEC chromatograms, UV-VIS and fluorescence properties of the HWP extracts were studied and the results were compared with those of the International Humic Substances Society (IHSS) Soil Humic Acid (HA), IHSS Soil Fulvic Acid (FA) and IHSS Suwannee Natural Organic Matter (NOM) standards as well as their HA counterparts isolated by traditional extraction methods from the original soil samples. The DOM of the HWP solution is probably a mixture of organic materials, which have some characteristics similar to the Soil FA fractions and NOM. The HWP extracted organic material can be studied and characterized using simple techniques, like UV-VIS and fluorescence spectroscopy.

Characteristics of fouling due to clay-organic substances in potable water treatment by ultrafiltration

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 157-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim C.-H. ◽  
M. Hosomi ◽  
A. Murakami ◽  
M. Okada
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Fulvic Acid ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Ultrafiltration Membrane ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Decomposition Products ◽  
Microbial Decomposition ◽  
Fouling Materials

Effects of clay on fouling due to organic substances and clay were evaluated by model fouling materials and kaolin. Model fouling materials selected were protein, polysaccharide, fulvic acid, humic acid and algogenic matter (EOM:ectracellular organic matter, microbial decomposition products) and kaolin was selected as the clay material. Polysulfone membrane (MWCO(Molecular Weight Cut-Off) 10,000, 50,000 and 200,000) was used as an ultrafiltration membrane. In particular, the flux measurement of solutions containing algogenic matter used an ultrafiltration membrane of MWCO 50,000. The flux of protein and polysaccharide with coexistence of kaolin increased in the case of the ratio of MW/MWCO being greater than one, but did not increase in the case of the MW/MWCO ratio being below one. In contrast, the flux of fulvic acid and humic acid with coextence of kaolin decreased regardless of the ratio of MW/MWCO. The addition of dispersion agent and coagulant in the organic substances and kaolin mixture solution changed the size distribution of kaolin, and resulted in a change of the flux. EOM and microbial decomposition products decreased with the increase of the fraction of organic matter having molecular weight more than MWCO of membrane. The flux of the algogenic organic matter with coexistence of kaolin decreased with the increase of the amount of kaolin. It was suggested that the decline of the flux with coexistence of kaolin was due to the change of the resistance of the kaolin cake layer corresponding to the change in kaolin size distribution with charge.

Effects of Natural Organic Matter on TCE Removal in Groundwater by Zero-Valent Iron: Batch Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 486-489
Author(s):  
Tong Zhou Liu ◽  
Pin Hua Rao
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Organic Contaminant ◽  
Zero Valent Iron ◽  
Contaminant Removal ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Batch Study

An investigation on the effects of humic acid (representing NOM) on TCE (a typical organic contaminant) removal by Fe0in batch settings was carried out. Inhibitory effects of humic acid on Fe0towards TCE removal were observed. At early stage of the experiments, humic acid might partition with TCE, and the adsorption or deposition of humic acid onto Fe0surface would further facilitated TCE immobilization. Once the reduction reactive sites on Fe0surfaces were covered by accumulated humic acid and the partition of TCE to humic acid became saturated, TCE removal in Fe0was observed retarded.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of an end-residue of humeomics applied to a soil humic acid

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (45) ◽  
pp. 23658-23665 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Nebbioso ◽  
A. Piccolo ◽  
M. Lamshöft ◽  
M. Spiteller
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Molecular Composition ◽  
Chemical Fractionation ◽  
Soil Humic Acid

Humeomics encompasses step-wise chemical fractionation and instrumental determination to fully characterize the heterogeneous molecular composition of natural organic matter.

Soil Augmentation by Humus: Replenishing lost soils and supplementing new ones

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemlata Bagla ◽  
Asma Khan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Lunar Regolith ◽  
Radioactive Waste Disposal ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Growth Phenomenon

<p>Earth’s regolith consists of a vital component that is lacking on other planets ­­– the pedosphere or soil body – that is rich in organic matter, soil fauna, minerals, water, gases, that together support life and is thus essential for plant growth. In stark contrast to our blue planet, Martian regolith is devoid of organic matter and contains crushed volcanic rocks, with high mineral content and toxic chemicals like perchlorates. Nevertheless, Martian and Lunar regolith simulants formulated by NASA, have been experimented for crop growth by addition of organic matter suitable to bind xenobiotics and provide ample nutrients, as an essential step towards expanding our horizon in the extensive field of soil sciences.</p><p>Soil is an ecosystem as a whole and acts as a modifier of planet Earth’s atmosphere. The organic matter present in it originates mainly from plant metabolites with the onset of senescence and humification. Humic substances thus formed in the pedosphere exhibit exceptional characteristics for soil conditioning. Besides providing nutrients and aeration to the soil, they interact and bind with toxic heavy metals, radionuclides, pesticides, industrial dyes, and other xenobiotics that may be present as pollutants in the ecosystem, thus acting as natural sieves. As top soils have maximum organic matter, essential for plant growth, phenomenon like soil erosion leave the soils devoid of humic substances. Another major reason for soil degradation is excessive salinity, leading to osmotic and ionic stress in plants, eventually reducing their growth. Addition of humic acid in soils provides protection against high saline stress and minimizes yield losses. In India, one of the leading agrarian countries, it is a common practice to enrich soils with manure, which is an inexpensive form of humus-boost for the crops. Such practices aid the cyclic flow of organic matter in the environment, against the background of widespread soil degradation.</p><p>Another global form of soil degradation is radioactive contamination of soils which occurs mainly due to nuclear accidents and improper practices of radioactive waste disposal. In order to explore such interactions with humic acid following Green technique, batch biosorption studies were performed over a range of parameters, with radionuclides Cs and Sr that are found in low level radioactive wastes. Biosorption percentages of 91±2% and 84±1% were obtained for Cs and Sr respectively. The technique is chemical-free and emphasizes the ‘nature for nature’ outlook of solving environmental problems. Humic acid and its various forms thus act as traps for radionuclides and work as excellent restorative soil stimulants that supplement depleted soils, boost plant growth, and play a vital role in sustaining life on Earth.</p>

scholarly journals EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLICATION OF ORGANIC EXTRACT AND HAMIC ACID APPLICATION ON STRAWBERY PRODACTION

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
AL- Karawi & Al-Rawi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Organic Extract ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Spraying Plants

This study was carried out in greenhouse Date to palm Research units, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad ( Abu Ghraib ) , seasons 2013 and 2014 to investigate the effect of foliar application organic matter extract and humic acid and their interactions on yield of strawberry plants . The study include 12 treatments , to spray strawberry's plant with four levels of organic matter spray included distilled water only (T0) , (1) volume of organic matter extract to volume of distilled water ( 1:1)  (T1) , (2) volume of organic matter extract to volume of distilled water (2:1 ) (T2 ) and (3) volume of organic matter extract volume of distilled water (3:1) (T3), the second factor was three concentrations of humifert-ultra , 0( H0 ) , 2.5 ml.L-1 ( H2.5) and 5 ml.L-1  ( H5 ) to the soil . Factorial Experiment carried out according to RCBD with  three replications , averages compared by LSD test at the level of 5% probability. Results that have been obtained is that spraying plants extract organic matter led to a significant increase in the number of flowers and the percentage of the contract and the number of fruits and had no significant effect on yield of plant. addition of humic acid led to a significant increase in the number of flowers and the percentage of fruit set and the number of fruits and fruit weight and yield of plant .

HUMUS FRACTION RATIOS AS A MEANS OF DISCRIMINATING BETWEEN HORIZON TYPES

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. LOWE
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Fulvic Acid ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Acid Fraction ◽  
Humus Fraction ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fraction Distribution

Humus fraction distribution in a wide range of horizon samples was examined by measuring carbon content in humic acid (Ch), in fulvic acid (Cf) and in the strongly colored polyphenolic component of the fulvic acid fraction (Ca). Fraction distribution was described by the ratios Ch/Cf and Ca/Cf. It was concluded that humus fraction ratios were related to horizon types as used in the Canadian System of Soil Classification, and were effective in discriminating between certain horizon types, particularly between Luvisolic Bt and Podzolic Bf. The results also suggested that humus fraction ratios may be effective in separating distinct sub-populations within Ah horizons and Bf horizons in general, based on qualitative differences in organic matter present. Aspects of the role of humus fractions in soil genesis are discussed.

Solubilité de l'or dans les eaux interstitielles de la latérite coiffant le gîte aurifère de Misséni, au Mali

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1553-1565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric Séa ◽  
Marc G. Tanguay ◽  
Pierre Trudel ◽  
Mario Bergeron
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
High Solubility ◽  
Gold Solubility ◽  
Mn Oxides ◽  
Very High ◽  
Interstitial Waters

Twenty samples of interstitial waters and pressed saprolite were collected within undisturbed saprolite blocks to determine the actual gold transporting mode in the auriferous laterites of Misséni, Mali. The results of the analyses indicate a very high solubility of gold in the interstitial waters of the Misséni laterites (from <2 to 16.7 ppb Au; Eh, 0.356–0.419 V; pH, 6.7–7.7). The calculated theoretical concentrations of auric chloride ion, [Formula: see text], (0.3 × 10−14 – 32.7 × 10−4 ppm) and thiosulphate ion, [Formula: see text], (2.5 × 10−212 – 6.7 × 10−180 ppm), which are generally inferred to be the ions transporting the gold in a supergene environment, are insignificant in the interstitial waters of the Misséni saprolite. Given the absence of significant concentrations of chloride or thiosulphate ions as measured in the interstitial waters of Misséni (Cl−, 1.5 × 10−4 – 1.2 × 10−2 mol L−1; [Formula: see text], 1.1 × 10−111 – 4.2 × 10−95 mol L−1), the gold monohydroxide, AuOH(H2O)0, could be responsible for the gold mobilization in the studied saprolite. However, its transport could be limited by the conspicuous (Fe, Mn) oxides in the Misséni saprolite, which can act as adsorbents. The calculated concentrtion of humic acid (0.004–0.03%), which can solubilize the gold contained in the analyzed interstitial waters, is 2 to 4 times lower than that of the measured organic matter in the samples of pressed saprolite (from <0.016 to 0.07% in organic carbon). These latter results could indicate that a part of the gold solubility in the Misséni superficial saprolite is linked to the humic acids. [Journal Translation]

Removal of Humic Substances by Coagulation

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.R. O’Melia ◽  
W.C. Becker ◽  
K.-K. Au
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Complex Formation ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Quality Characteristic ◽  
Oxide Surfaces ◽  
Water Quality Characteristic ◽  
Coagulant Dosage

Measurements and modeling of the adsorption of natural organic matter (NOM) on oxide surfaces are presented and compared. Agreement is good and supports the view that the adsorption of NOM on oxides depends significantly on complex formation reactions between specific sites on oxide surfaces and functional groups on the NOM. Coagulant requirements can and often are set by the total organic carbon (TOC) concentration in a water source. Frequently there is a stoichiometric relationship between the required coagulant dosage and the TOC of the water to be treated. Other important factors include pH and the concentration of divalent cations. Ozone may benefit or retard coagulation, depending on coagulant type and the water quality characteristic that is dominant in setting the optimum coagulant dose.

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