Supporting Development of Practical Designs for a Japanese HLW Repository

2009 ◽  
Vol 1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Makino ◽  
Hiroyuki Umeki ◽  
Yasuhiro Ochi ◽  
Kazumasa Hioki ◽  
Hiroo Okubo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Knowledge Engineering ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Formal Knowledge ◽  
Reference Design ◽  
Novel Approaches ◽  
High Level ◽  
Design Options ◽  
Hlw Repository ◽  
Systematic Catalogue

AbstractIn preparation for actual repository implementation, designs that could be tailored to specific sites need to be considered. This requires a paradigm shift in design philosophy, moving away from a single reference design towards a flexible and systematic “catalogue” of engineered barrier components and associated repository infrastructure. To support this development, novel methodology for both developing and comparing repository design options for Japanese vitrified high-level radioactive waste (HLW) has been examined. This paper will outline the background of the project and, in particular, some novel approaches examined for facilitating optimisation of practical repository designs. It is complemented by a companion paper - Matsumoto et al: Application of Formal Knowledge Engineering Approaches to Develop A Design Catalogue for A Japanese HLW Repository -, which describes the repository design process in more detail and illustrates results of first dry runs of the methodology.

Application of Formal Knowledge Engineering Approaches to Develop a Design Catalogue for a Japanese HLW Repository

2009 ◽  
Vol 1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaaki Matsumoto ◽  
Osamu Sato ◽  
Hiroo Okubo ◽  
Hitoshi Makino ◽  
Yasuhiro Ochi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Knowledge Engineering ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Formal Knowledge ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Advanced Knowledge ◽  
High Level ◽  
Hlw Repository

AbstractThe volunteer siting of disposal facilities for vitrified high-level radioactive waste (HLW) and TRU waste in Japan results in a particular need for flexibility to allow repositories to be tailored to specific sites. Instead of a single reference concept, a “catalogue” of designs for individual repository components is being developed, which can then be combined to form optimum solutions for particular site boundary conditions. As highlighted in a companion paper – Makino et al: Supporting Development of Practical Designs for a Japanese HLW Repository –, which puts the repository design process in the context of the Japanese HLW programme, the complexity of this work justifies use of advanced Knowledge Engineering approaches. In this paper three components are described – development of the knowledge base, assessing tacit system understanding and production of innovative solutions to resolve conflicts between requirements.

Design Options for HLW Repository Operation Technology: Part III—Transportation and Horizontal Emplacement of Pre-Fabricated EBS Module (PEM)

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susumu Kawakami ◽  
Hitoshi Nakashima ◽  
Hidekazu Asano
Keyword(s):  
Full Scale ◽  
Air Bearing ◽  
Scale Level ◽  
Large Size ◽  
System Module ◽  
Engineered Barrier ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level ◽  
Design Options ◽  
Hlw Repository

As one of the repository operation technologies for high-level radioactive waste (HLW), the pre-fabricated engineered barrier system module (PEM) was carried out the examination of handling and emplacement technique for engineered barrier system (EBS). The PEM technology was examined to confirm technological applicability. The PEM is concept of the integration of EBS as the module in the surface facilities, and transporting the module underground facilities. This concept is the one of the candidate concepts of horizontal emplacement techniques for EBS in Japan. Therefore, PEM is the same level large size and heavy weight as EBS, and it is necessary to examine the applicability of handling and emplacement techniques. Full-scale level tests were performed to confirm the applicability of these techniques with the air bearing/air jack devices. In the tests, we prepared the testing devices of full-scale level size/weight and confirmed the applicability of these technologies as an elemental technology on the condition of considering the environment of an underground tunnel. The air bearing test that produced the surface-roughness of the tunnel environment was carried out the evaluation concerning the transportation performance of the air bearing. And, the air jack test was carried out the holding and emplacement of PEM. The repository operation technology with the air bearing/jack device was confirmed to execute the examination, and to apply to handling and emplacement technique for PEM.

Design Options for HLW Repository Operation Technology: Part I—Demonstration and Evaluation of Remote Handling Technologies

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Nakashima ◽  
Hidekazu Asano ◽  
Hideki Kawamura
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Methodology ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Remote Handling ◽  
Buffer Material ◽  
Full Scale Tests ◽  
High Level ◽  
Design Options ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
Hlw Repository

The long-term safety of a geological repository for high-level radioactive waste (HLW) in Japan is achieved using a multi-barrier system, with emphasis on an engineered barrier system (EBS) consisting of bentonite-based buffer material and a steel overpack containing vitrified wastes. Providing a wide variety of technical options for repository operation, which can allow EBS construction under various repository conditions, is valuable for the volunteering approach to siting a HLW repository in Japan. In order to confirm technological applicability of candidate techniques and to evaluate compatibility in an operation system, full-scale tests of various remote-handling and-emplacement techniques for the EBS were conducted. The test results are summarized in the technical menu which is hierarchical structured database. Since the long-term performance of EBS is significantly influenced by remote handling and emplacement techniques for EBS, consistency of the operation technology must be evaluated from the view point of system standing. In this program, evaluation methodology was studied and several indexes, representing requirements for the repository operation and management, were identified. Indices include current technical availability, long-term safety of the resultant EBS, operational safety, engineering reliability, retrievability, etc., with expert assessment complementing a more quantitative evaluation.

Development of the Supercontainer Design for Deep Geological Disposal of High-Level Heat Emitting Radioactive Waste in Belgium

2006 ◽  
Vol 932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan J.P. Bel ◽  
Stephen M. Wickham ◽  
Robert M.F. Gens
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Metal Corrosion ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Spent Fuel ◽  
Deep Geological Disposal ◽  
Reference Design ◽  
And Performance ◽  
High Level ◽  
Design Options ◽  
Future Work

ABSTRACTONDRAF-NIRAS has recently selected a Supercontainer with a Portland Cement (PC) buffer as the preferred new reference design for disposal of HLW and spent fuel. The selection process involved a multi-criteria analysis of alternative design options, which were evaluated against a range of long-term safety and feasibility criteria. A PC concrete has been chosen for the buffer because this will provide a highly alkaline chemical environment, which will last for thousands of years. In this environment the external surface of the overpack will be passivated and overpack corrosion will be inhibited. The concrete buffer also has low-hydraulic conductivity to slow the infiltration of external fluids to the overpack surface, and provides radiological shielding.ONDRAF-NIRAS has made a preliminary evaluation of the viability of the reference Supercontainer design. The following areas were reviewed and investigated: radiolysis, thermo-hydraulic (TH) behaviour of the concrete buffer, metal corrosion, the chemical and mineralogical evolution of the concrete buffer, and relevant industrial experience. This paper describes the main findings, and identifies remaining design and performance uncertainties. Prioritisation and recommendations for future work are also given.

scholarly journals Indicators for site characterization at seismic station: recommendation from a dedicated survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Cultrera ◽  
Cécile Cornou ◽  
Giuseppe Di Giulio ◽  
Pierre-Yves Bard
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Station ◽  
International Workshop ◽  
Site Characterization ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Seismic Records ◽  
Seismic Networks ◽  
High Level ◽  
Data Acquisition And Processing

AbstractIn recent years, the permanent seismic networks worldwide have largely increased, raising the amount of earthquake signals and the applications using seismic records. Although characterization of the soil properties at recording stations has a large impact on hazard estimates, it has not been implemented so far in a standardized way for reaching high-level metadata. To address this issue, we built an online questionnaire for the identification of the indicators useful for a reliable site characterization at a seismic station. We analysed the answers of a large number of experts in different fields, which allowed us to rank 24 different indicators and to identify the most relevant ones: fundamental frequency (f0), shear-wave velocity profile (VS), time-averaged Vs over 30 m (VS30), depth of seismological and engineering bedrock (Hseis_bed and Heng_bed), surface geology and soil class. Moreover, the questionnaire proposed two additional indices in terms of cost and difficulty to obtain a reliable value of each indicator, showing that the selection of the most relevant indicators results from a complex balance between physical relevancy, average cost and reliability. For each indicator we propose a summary report, provided as editable pdf, containing the background information of data acquisition and processing details, with the aim to homogenize site metadata information at European level and to define the quality of the site characterization (see companion paper Di Giulio et al. 2021). The selected indicators and the summary reports have been shared within European and worldwide scientific community and discussed in a dedicated international workshop. They represent a first attempt to reach a homogeneous set of high-level metadata for site characterization.

scholarly journals A Runtime System for XML Transformations in Java

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (33) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aske Simon Christensen ◽  
Christian Kirkegaard ◽  
Anders Møller
Keyword(s):  
Static Analysis ◽  
Programming Language ◽  
Program Analysis ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Runtime System ◽  
Xml Documents ◽  
Level Data ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Given

We show that it is possible to extend a general-purpose programming language with a convenient high-level data-type for manipulating XML documents while permitting (1) precise static analysis for guaranteeing validity of the constructed XML documents relative to the given DTD schemas, and (2) a runtime system where the operations can be performed efficiently. The system, named Xact, is based on a notion of immutable XML templates and uses XPath for deconstructing documents. A companion paper presents the program analysis; this paper focuses on the efficient runtime representation.

scholarly journals Reactive transport calculations to evaluate sulphide fluxes in the near-field of a SF/HLW repository

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 10005
Author(s):  
Marek Pękala ◽  
Paul Wersin ◽  
Veerle Cloet ◽  
Nikitas Diomidis
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Transport ◽  
Spent Nuclear Fuel ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Opalinus Clay ◽  
High Level Waste ◽  
Waste Containment ◽  
Geological Repository ◽  
High Level ◽  
Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Hlw Repository

Radioactive waste is planned to be disposed in a deep geological repository in the Opalinus Clay (OPA) rock formation in Switzerland. Cu coating of the steel disposal canister is considered as potential a measure to ensure complete waste containment of spent nuclear fuel (SF) and vitrified high-level waste (HLW) or a period of 100,000 years. Sulphide is a potential corroding agent to Cu under reducing redox conditions. Background dissolved sulphide concentrations in pristine OPA are low, likely controlled by equilibrium with pyrite. At such concentrations, sulphide-assisted corrosion of Cu would be negligible. However, the possibility exists that sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) might thrive at discrete locations of the repository’s near-field. The activity of SRB might then lead to significantly higher dissolved sulphide concentrations. The objective of this work is to employ reactive transport calculations to evaluate sulphide fluxes in the near-field of the SF/HLW repository in the OPA. Cu canister corrosion due to sulphide fluxes is also simplistically evaluated.

scholarly journals State-of-the-art and proof-of-concept installations for repository concepts based in crystalline rock

2015 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1665-1673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Kronberg ◽  
Jan Gugala ◽  
Keijo Haapala
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Crystalline Rock ◽  
High Level Waste ◽  
Geological Disposal ◽  
Geological Repository ◽  
Reference Design ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Deep Underground ◽  
High Level

AbstractOver the last five decades private and national energy programmes worldwide have been producing a variety of radioactive wastes. One of the safest ways of disposing of this waste is to bury it deep underground in purpose-built geological disposal facilities. Currently, there is no operating geological repository in Europe for high-level waste but the goal of the IGD-TP is that the first repository shall be fully operational before the year 2025. Several studies and experiments are ongoing at various potential repository sites in Europe with the goal to establish general approaches that can be adapted for any country in need of a geological repository.The Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Co (SKB) in Sweden and Posiva Oy in Finland are developing a method for geological disposal of high-level long-lived nuclear waste in crystalline rock, the KBS-3 method. KBS-3V (vertical) is both organizations reference design, but KBS-3H (horizontal) emplacement is also being researched as a potential alternative. Of high importance in the development is demonstrating the technical feasibilityin situof safe and reliable construction, manufacturing, disposal and sealing of such geological disposal facilities. Parts of these demonstrations are carried out under the framework of EurAtom/FP7 and one of these projects is the LUCOEX project where SKB is demonstrating horizontal emplacement, the Multi Purpose Test (MPT), and Posiva is demonstrating vertical buffer installation processes.The MPT includes the key components of the horizontal design and comprises all essential steps; manufacturing of the full-scale components, their assembly, installation in the drift and monitoring of the early buffer evolution. The MPT installation was successfully performed in late 2013. By combining the components, an initial verification of the design implementation has been achieved. At the same time, integrating the components has meant the recognition of some design weaknesses and the design will be updated accordingly.Posiva's KBS-3V buffer installation equipment that places buffer blocks with high precision in vertical deposition holes is currently being developed and will be tested during 2014 and 2015 in real underground conditions. The machine uses vacuum lifting tools for moving the buffer blocks and laser scanning technology to position both the machine and blocks. Functionality of the concept and equipment selected will be confirmed by the tests and the installation tests will provide important information about the suitability of the selected buffer dimensions and tolerances.

Development of an Adaptive Helmholtz Resonator for Broadband Noise Control

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon J. Este`ve ◽  
Marty E. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Helmholtz Resonator ◽  
Broadband Noise ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Helmholtz Resonators ◽  
Large Cylinder ◽  
Payload Fairing ◽  
Compact Design ◽  
High Level ◽  
Design Options ◽  
Control Application

This paper presents the development of adaptive Helmholtz resonators aimed at controlling broadband disturbance for the reduction of noise transmission into rocket payload fairing. Helmholtz resonators are commonly used for narrow band control application and so are designed to present the lowest amount of damping yielding maximum impedance. For this particular application however, optimal damping ratios usually superior to 4% are required. This relatively high level of damping permits more lightweight and compact design options to be considered that are not possible for low damping applications. Two design solutions are presented. The first tunes the resonator by varying the length of an accordion neck. The second varies the HR opening using an iris diaphragm. The characteristics of these two devices are measured, and a solution to maintain the damping level relatively constant is also proposed. Finally, experimental result obtained in a large cylinder representative of a payload fairing using 8 adaptive resonators is presented.

Arithmetic Research on Data Mining Technology and Associative Rules Mining

2014 ◽  
Vol 556-562 ◽  
pp. 3949-3951
Author(s):  
Jian Xin Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Knowledge Engineering ◽  
Business Decisions ◽  
Depth Data ◽  
Source Data ◽  
Wide Availability ◽  
High Level ◽  
Performance Computing ◽  
Level Analysis

Data mining is a technique that aims to analyze and understand large source data reveal knowledge hidden in the data. It has been viewed as an important evolution in information processing. Why there have been more attentions to it from researchers or businessmen is due to the wide availability of huge amounts of data and imminent needs for turning such data into valuable information. During the past decade or over, the concepts and techniques on data mining have been presented, and some of them have been discussed in higher levels for the last few years. Data mining involves an integration of techniques from database, artificial intelligence, machine learning, statistics, knowledge engineering, object-oriented method, information retrieval, high-performance computing and visualization. Essentially, data mining is high-level analysis technology and it has a strong purpose for business profiting. Unlike OLTP applications, data mining should provide in-depth data analysis and the supports for business decisions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document