Sulfate-Resistant Portland Cement from Lime-Soda Sinter Process Residue

1987 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Chesley ◽  
G. Burnet
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Sinter Process ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Kiln Temperature ◽  
Economic Perspectives ◽  
Cement Manufacturing ◽  
Type V ◽  
Alumina Recovery

ABSTRACTA by-product (residue) from the Ames Lime-Soda Sinter Process for recovering alumina from power plant fly ash consists largely of dicalcium silicate and can be used as a raw material for the manufacture of sulfate-resistant (Type V) portland cement. Utilization of the residue will eliminate the need for its disposal and will improve the economic feasibility of the lime-soda sinter process. Laboratory burnability tests were used to identify optimum cement mixes and burning temperatures from both clinker quality and economic perspectives. At a typical kiln temperature of 1450°C, cements that formed concrete that exceeded ASTM specifications for strength were obtained for a limited range of lime-saturation factors and silica ratios. A highly conservative cost estimate for a combined alumina recovery and cement manufacturing facility for a 1000 MWe coal-fired power station gave a 4.7% internal rate of return.

Feasibility of cereal straw for industrial utilization in Minnesota

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.C. Wagner ◽  
S. Ramaswamy ◽  
U. Tschirner
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cereal Straw ◽  
Industrial Utilization ◽  
Industrial Use ◽  
On Farm ◽  
And Storage

AbstractA pre-economic feasibility study was undertaken to determine the potential of cereal straw for industrial utilization in Minnesota. Specifically, utilizing straw for pulp and paper manufacture was of interest. The availability of cereal straw fiber supplies at various locations across the state of Minnesota, along with pre-processing issues such as transportation, harvesting, handling, and storage, are discussed and priced. The greatest economic advantage of straw for industrial use appears to be the low cost of the raw material compared to traditional raw materials. This also provides an excellent opportunity for additional income for farmers. The methodology and information provided here should be helpful in evaluating the feasibility of utilizing straw for other industrial purposes in other parts of the world. However, in some Third World countries, long-standing on-farm, traditional uses of cereal straws for fuel, fiber, and animal feed may limit their availability for industrial utilization.

An FTIR, SEM and EDS investigation of solidification/ stabilization of chromium using portland cement Type V and Type IP

1992 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.Yousuf A. Mollah ◽  
Yung-Nien Tsai ◽  
Thomas R. Hess ◽  
David L. Cocke
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Cement Type ◽  
Type V

Preparation of Portland cement with sugar filter mud as lime-based raw material

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoxin Li ◽  
Wei Xu ◽  
Xiaojie Yang ◽  
Jianguo Wu
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Filter Mud

scholarly journals Carbon-Negative Cement Manufacturing from Seawater-Derived Magnesium Feedstocks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Palash Badjatya ◽  
Abdullah Akca ◽  
Daniela Fraga Alvarez ◽  
Baoqi Chang ◽  
Siwei Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Magnesium Ions ◽  
Cement Manufacturing ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Carbonation Curing ◽  
Free Magnesium

This study describes and demonstrates a carbon-negative process for manufacturing cement from widely abundant seawater-derived magnesium (Mg) feedstocks. In contrast to conventional Portland cement, which starts with carbon-containing limestone as the source material, the proposed process uses membrane-free electrolyzers to facilitate the conversion of carbon-free magnesium ions (Mg2+) in seawater into magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) precursors for the production of Mg-based cement. After a low-temperature carbonation curing step converts Mg(OH)2 into magnesium carbonates through reaction with carbon dioxide (CO2), the resulting Mg-based binders can exhibit compressive strength comparable to that achieved by Portland cement after curing for only two days. Although the proposed “cement-from-seawater” process requires similar energy use per ton of cement as existing processes, its potential to achieve a carbon-negative footprint makes it highly attractive to decarbonize one of the most carbon intensive industries.

scholarly journals Geochemical And Mineralogical Assessment Of Secondary Gypsum In Al-Najaf, Iraq And Employment As Raw Material For Cement Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 215-222
Author(s):  
Mohanad R.A. Al-Owaidi ◽  
◽  
Mohammed L. Hussein ◽  
Ruaa Issa Muslim ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Insoluble Residue ◽  
Mineralogical Study ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Industry Success

The Portland cement industry is one of the strategic industries in any country. The basis of an industry success is the availability of raw materials and, the low extraction in addition to transportation costs. The Bahr Al-Najaf region is abundant with limestone rocks but lacks primary gypsum. An investigation had been carried out to identify the source of secondary gypsum as an alternative to primary gypsum. Twelve boreholes were drilled for a depth of 2 m, as the thickness of suitable secondary gypsum layer ranges from 1 to 1.5 m. The mineralogical study revealed the predominance of gypsum followed by quartz and calcite, with an average of 62.9%, 19.6% and 14.35%, respectively. The geochemical analysis revealed that the content of SO3 is appropriate and ranging from 41.92% to 32.89% with an average of 37.73%. The SO3 content is within an acceptable range. The mean abundance of the major oxides of the study area may be arranged as SO3 > CaO> SiO2> MgO> Al2O> Fe2O3. The insoluble residue was at an acceptable rate. The laboratory experiments for milling secondary gypsum with clinker has successfully proven the production of Portland cement that matches the limits of the Iraqi Quality Standard (IQS) No. 5 of 1984. Great care must be taken when using secondary gypsum; secondary gypsum must be mixed well to maintain the chemical properties before blending with clinker and utilizing in the cement mill in the cement plant.

scholarly journals Feasibility and Carbon Footprint Analysis of Lime-Dried Sludge for Cement Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Ping ◽  
Gang Zhao ◽  
Xiaohu Lin ◽  
Yunhui Gu ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cement Clinker ◽  
Cement Kiln ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Footprint Analysis ◽  
Cement Kilns ◽  
Cement Manufacturing ◽  
Dried Sludge

Cement manufacturing and the treatment of sludge are considered both energy-intensive industries and major greenhouse gas (GHG) emitters. However, there are still few studies on comprehensive carbon footprint analysis for adding municipal sludge in the cement production. In this study, the lime-dried sludge blended with calcium oxide at the mass mixing ratio of 10% was utilized as raw material for the preparation of Portland cement. The chemical and physical properties of sludge were analyzed. A set of carbon footprint calculation methods of lime-drying treatment of sludge and reuse in cement kilns was then established to explore the feasibility of coprocessing lime-dried sludge in cement kilns. The results showed lime-dried sludge containing CaO, SiO2, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 was ideal for cement production as raw material. However, the water content of lime-dried sludge should be strictly limited. The lime-drying process presented the biggest carbon emission (962.1 kg CO2-eq/t sludge), accounting for 89.0% of total emissions. In the clinker-production phase, the lime-dried sludge as raw material substitute and energy source gained carbon credit of 578.8 and 214.2 kg CO2-eq/t sludge, respectively. The sludge used for producing cement clinker could reduce carbon emissions by 38.5% to 51.7%. The addition ratio of lime and stacking time in the sludge lime-drying process could greatly affect the carbon footprint of coprocessing lime-dried sludge in cement kiln.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Ordinary Portland Cement with GGBFS and Portland Slag Cement at Same GGBFS Replacement Level in Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 06004
Author(s):  
Ramesh Babu Chokkalingam ◽  
Manikandan Rajakannu
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Ordinary Portland Cement ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Blended Cement ◽  
Mineral Admixtures ◽  
Slag Cement ◽  
Control Practice ◽  
Cement Manufacturing ◽  
Portland Slag Cement ◽  
Durability Of Concrete

Literature review indicates that the usage of mineral admixtures (Fly ash, Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag, Silica Fume and Rice Husk ash) significantly improves the durability of concrete structures. Though it is reported as best alternative materials for improving durability of concrete structures, it was not very well received in government projects in India till 1990. However, for the past two decades, the usage of mineral admixtures directly or in the form of blended cement in concrete have significantly increased. Major concern of using mineral admixtures which was persisting among majority of the Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) users are (i) delayed setting and strength gain, affecting the rate of construction, (ii) inconsistent in quality of mineral admixtures, mostly happened in site blending (iii) no established results pertains to Indian condition. In India, mostly the usage of mineral admixtures in concrete are used as a replacement for OPC, specifically in Ready Mix Concrete and site batching plant. However, few literature have reported that usage of mineral admixtures in the form of blended cement which is made at cement manufacturing plant by either intergrinding or blending will exhibits better concrete properties due to consistent quality and better quality control practice followed. Hence, the authors have undertaken this study to investigate the performance of mineral admixtures (only GGBFS) as direct replacement materials and as blended cement in concrete. In order to understand in detail, both as replacement of OPC and in the form of PSC, was undertaken on various cement content in concrete, i.e., 300, 320, 340, 360, 380 kg/m3. Results of compressive strength at various age of curing indicates that usage of GGBFS in the form of Portland Slag Cement (PSC) shows better performance than as a replacement of OPC in concrete.

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