scholarly journals Passivation of Semiconductor Surfaces for Improved Radiation Detectors: X-Ray Photoemission Analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Art J Nelson ◽  
A M Conway ◽  
C E Reinhardt ◽  
J L Ferreira ◽  
R J Nikolic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Surface Passivation ◽  
Radiation Detector ◽  
Radiation Detectors ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Semiconductor Crystals ◽  
Chemically Treated ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Metal Overlayers

AbstractSurface passivation of device-grade radiation detector materials was investigated using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in combination with transport property measurements before and after various chemical treatments. Specifically Br-MeOH (2% Br), KOH with NH4F/H2O2 and NH4OH solutions were used to etch, reduce and oxidize the surface of Cd(1-x)ZnxTe semiconductor crystals. Scanning electron microscopy was used to evaluate the resultant microscopic surface morphology. Angle-resolved high-resolution photoemission measurements on the valence band electronic structure and core lines were used to evaluate the surface chemistry of the chemically treated surfaces. Metal overlayers were then deposited on these chemically treated surfaces and the I-V characteristics measured. The measurements were correlated to understand the effect of interface chemistry on the electronic structure at these interfaces with the goal of optimizing the Schottky barrier height for improved radiation detector devices.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Novel Arginine-Based Flame Retardant and Its Application in Lyocell Fabric

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3588
Author(s):  
Jiayi Chen ◽  
Yansong Liu ◽  
Jiayue Zhang ◽  
Yuanlin Ren ◽  
Xiaohui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Excellent Thermal Stability ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cone Calorimeter Test ◽  
Before And After

Lyocell fabrics are widely applied in textiles, however, its high flammability increases the risk of fire. Therefore, to resolve the issue, a novel biomass-based flame retardant with phosphorus and nitrogen elements was designed and synthesized by the reaction of arginine with phosphoric acid and urea. It was then grafted onto the lyocell fabric by a dip-dry-cure technique to prepare durable flame-retardant lyocell fabric (FR-lyocell). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis demonstrated that the flame retardant was successfully introduced into the lyocell sample. Thermogravimetric (TG) and Raman analyses confirmed that the modified lyocell fabric featured excellent thermal stability and significantly increased char residue. Vertical combustion results indicated that FR-lyocell before and after washing formed a complete and dense char layer. Thermogravimetric Fourier-transform infrared (TG-FTIR) analysis suggested that incombustible substances (such as H2O and CO2) were produced and played a significant fire retarding role in the gas phase. The cone calorimeter test corroborated that the peak of heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) declined by 89.4% and 56.4%, respectively. These results indicated that the flame retardancy of the lyocell fabric was observably ameliorated.

A study of the FeX (X=Si, Ge) system electronic structure by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

2000 ◽  
Vol 447 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 112-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.N. Shabanova ◽  
V.I. Kormilets ◽  
L.D. Zagrebin ◽  
N.S. Terebova
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray

Use of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to investigate the deposition of metal overlayers onto the clean cleaved CdS surface

1990 ◽  
Vol 231 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 98-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Sobiesierski ◽  
N.M. Forsyth ◽  
I.M. Dharmadasa ◽  
R.H. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Metal Overlayers

Oxidation of Alloy-X in Subcritical, Transition, and Supercritical Water

CORROSION ◽  
10.5006/3881 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Karmiol ◽  
Dev Chidambaram
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Water ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Subcritical Water ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nickel Based Superalloy ◽  
Before And After

This work investigates the oxidation of a nickel based superalloy, namely Alloy X, in water at elevated temperatures: subcritical water at 261°C and 27 MPa, the transition between subcritical and supercritical water at 374°C and 27 MPa, and supercritical water at 380°C and 27 MPa for 100 hours. The morphology of the sample surfaces were studied using scanning electron microscopy coupled with focused ion beam milling, and the surface chemistry was investigated using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy before and after exposure studies. Surfaces of all samples were identified to comprise of a ferrite spinel containing aluminum.

scholarly journals Electronic structure of β-Ta films from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and first-principles calculations

2019 ◽  
Vol 470 ◽  
pp. 607-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Magnuson ◽  
Grzegorz Greczynski ◽  
Fredrik Eriksson ◽  
Lars Hultman ◽  
Hans Högberg
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
First Principles Calculations ◽  
X Ray

Electronic structure of Ni and Pd alloys. I. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of the valence bands

1983 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 2145-2178 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Fuggle ◽  
F. Ulrich Hillebrecht ◽  
R. Zeller ◽  
Zygmunt Zołnierek ◽  
Peter A. Bennett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Valence Bands

Surface composition and electronic structure of Ni2+xMn1−xGa studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

2006 ◽  
Vol 600 (18) ◽  
pp. 3749-3752 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Biswas ◽  
S. Banik ◽  
A.K. Shukla ◽  
R.S. Dhaka ◽  
V. Ganesan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
X Ray

Characterization of X-ray irradiated graphene oxide coatings using X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas N. Blanton ◽  
Debasis Majumdar
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Carbon Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Before And After

In an effort to study an alternative approach to make graphene from graphene oxide (GO), exposure of GO to high-energy X-ray radiation has been performed. X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) have been used to characterize GO before and after irradiation. Results indicate that GO exposed to high-energy radiation is converted to an amorphous carbon phase that is conductive.

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