Buried Metal Deposition on Gallium Arsenide by Laser-Induced Thermochemical Reaction

1987 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Tokuda ◽  
Mikio Takai ◽  
Kenji Gamo ◽  
Susumu Namba
Keyword(s):  
Gallium Arsenide ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Tin Dioxide ◽  
Density Ratio ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Outer Side ◽  
Gas Atmosphere ◽  
Oxide Deposition ◽  
Ion Laser ◽  
Deposited Film

ABSTRACTTin oxide deposition was performed by focused argon ion laser irradiation in a tin tetrachloride gas atmosphere. Etching of gallium arsenide and tin oxide deposition were observed in a single scan of a laser beam under specific conditions. The center of the irradiated area was etched and then covered with deposit. Density ratio of 0/Sn obtained from the deposit by AES measurements was about 1.4 - 1.6. Additional hydrogen gas in ambient SnCl4 gas reduced both tin oxide deposition and gallium arsenide etching. Deposition, at first, occurred at the outer side of the irradiated area and gallium arsenide etching occurred at the center of it. The amount of deposit depends on beam dwell time. Additional oxygen in ambient SnCl4 gas improved deposited film quality: the deposited film with additional oxygen proved to be tin dioxide, which is an conductor.

Enhanced gas sensing performance of tin dioxide-based nanoparticles for a wide range of concentrations of hydrogen gas

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (36) ◽  
pp. 18512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratanu Nag ◽  
Sanhita Majumdar ◽  
Ali Bumajdad ◽  
Parukuttyamma Sujatha Devi
Keyword(s):  
Tin Dioxide ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sensing Performance

Infrared Spectroscopy of Molten LiCl−KCl under Hydrogen Gas Atmosphere

2004 ◽  
Vol 108 (21) ◽  
pp. 4567-4569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hironori Nakajima ◽  
Toshiyuki Nohira ◽  
Yasuhiko Ito
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Gas Atmosphere

scholarly journals Stacking Fault Energy in Relation to Hydrogen Environment Embrittlement of Metastable Austenitic Stainless CrNi-Steels

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1170
Author(s):  
Robert Fussik ◽  
Gero Egels ◽  
Werner Theisen ◽  
Sebastian Weber
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Stacking Fault ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Stacking Fault Energy ◽  
Austenitic Steels ◽  
Aisi 304L ◽  
Hydrogen Environment ◽  
Gas Atmosphere

Metastable austenitic steels react to plastic deformation with a thermally and/or mechanically induced martensitic phase transformation. The martensitic transformation to α’-martensite can take place directly or indirectly via the intermediate stage of ε-martensite from the single-phase austenite. This effect is influenced by the stacking fault energy (SFE) of austenitic steels. An SFE < 20 mJ/m2 is known to promote indirect conversion, while an SFE > 20 mJ/m2 promotes the direct conversion of austenite into α’-martensite. This relationship has thus far not been considered in relation to the hydrogen environment embrittlement (HEE) of metastable austenitic CrNi steels. To gain new insights into HEE under consideration of the SFE and martensite formation of metastable CrNi steels, tensile tests were carried out in this study at room temperature in an air environment and in a hydrogen gas atmosphere with a pressure of p = 10 MPa. These tests were conducted on a conventionally produced alloy AISI 304L and a laboratory-scale modification of this alloy. In terms of metal physics, the steels under consideration differed in the value of the experimentally determined SFE. The SFE of the AISI 304L was 22.7 ± 0.8 mJ/m2 and the SFE of the 304 mod alloy was 18.7 ± 0.4 mJ/m2. The tensile specimens tested in air revealed a direct γàα’ conversion for AISI 304L and an indirect γàεàα’ conversion for 304mod. From the results it could be deduced that the indirect phase transformation is responsible for a significant increase in the content of deformation-induced α’-martensite due to a reduction of the SFE value below 20 mJ/m2 in hydrogen gas atmosphere.

The impact of indium tin oxide deposition and post annealing on the passivation property of TOPCon solar cells

Solar Energy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 241-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Tao ◽  
Shuai Jiang ◽  
Rui Jia ◽  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Pengfei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Post Annealing ◽  
Oxide Deposition ◽  
The Impact

ChemInform Abstract: AUGER STUDY OF THE INTERFACE IN EVAPORATED TIN OXIDE GALLIUM ARSENIDE MIS SOLAR CELLS

1981 ◽  
Vol 12 (51) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. BRINKER ◽  
E. Y. WANG ◽  
W. H. WADLIN ◽  
R. N. LEGGE
Keyword(s):  
Gallium Arsenide ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Tin Oxide

Influence of Synthetic Concentration on Surface Properties of SnO2 Nanofilm by Hydrothermal Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 861 ◽  
pp. 289-294
Author(s):  
Chao Yang ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Rui Hua Wang ◽  
Min Han Xu ◽  
Bo Feng Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Tin Dioxide ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Dioxide Film

Dye-sensitized solar cells have better development prospects than silicon cells, and their main structural composition of nanoporous semiconductor films is particularly important. It is the tin dioxide film, and the effect of preparing tin oxide film on dye-sensitized solar cells under different conditions is studied. In this paper, the SnO2 powder was prepared by hydrothermal method, and the experiment was studied by controlled variable method. The properties of the obtained tin dioxide powder were characterized by SEM and three-dimensional ultra-depth microscope and XRD. The XRD diffraction peak is shown as tetragonal phase rutile type SnO2, With the increase of the concentration of tin tetrachloride solution, the coarser the particle size of the tin oxide crystal in the film, the more complicated the surface morphology, so that the specific surface area of the film is larger. At 0.1 mol/L, the surface of the film is a porous structure in the form of a loose sheet is presented. After analyzing the surface microstructure and flatness of the tin dioxide film, it can be concluded that the effect of salt concentration on the specific surface area of the film is extremely large. When the salt concentration is higher or lower, the obtained two the surface of the tin oxide film is relatively flat and has poor performance. When the salt concentration is 0.1mol/L, the surface of the obtained film has a large undulation and a large specific surface area, and the ability to adsorb the dye molecules can be predicted to be the greatest, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is optimal in the photocatalytic process.

Engineering Gas Sensors With Aerosol Nanocrystals

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganhua Lu ◽  
Liying Zhu ◽  
Stephen Hebert ◽  
Edward Jen ◽  
Leonidas Ocola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Oxide Surface ◽  
Semiconductor Surface ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Electrostatic Assembly ◽  
Tin Oxide Nanoparticles

Rutile tin oxide (SnO2) is a wide band gap (3.6 eV at 300K [1]) n-type semiconductor material. It is widely used as sensing elements in gas sensors [2]. The sensing mechanism is generally attributed to the significant change in the electrical resistance of the material associated with the adsorption/desorption of oxygen on the semiconductor surface [3]. The formation of oxygen adsorbates (O2− or O−) results in an electron-depletion surface layer due to the electron transfer from the oxide surface to oxygen [4]. Recent studies [5, 6] have shown that use of tin oxide nanocrystals significantly improves the dynamic response and the sensitivity of sensors since the electron depletion may occur in the whole crystallite. Here we report on the fabrication and characterization of a miniaturized gas sensor based on tin oxide nanocrystals. A simple, convenient and low-cost mini-arc plasma source is used to synthesize high-quality tin oxide nanoparticles in aerosol phase at atmospheric pressure. The nanoparticle sensor is then fabricated by electrostatic assembly of product tin oxide nanoparticles onto e-beam lithographically patterned interdigitated electrodes. The microfabricated nanoparticle sensor exhibits good sensitivity and dynamic response to low-concentration ethanol vapor and hydrogen gas diluted in air.

BN/NiO nanocomposites: Structural, defect chemistry and electrical properties in hydrogen gas atmosphere

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (16) ◽  
pp. 26233-26237
Author(s):  
Kulwinder Singh ◽  
Manjot Kaur ◽  
Ishant Chauhan ◽  
Amit Awasthi ◽  
Manjeet Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Structural Defect ◽  
Defect Chemistry ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Gas Atmosphere
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