Reducing Side Reactions Using PF6-based Electrolytes in Multivalent Hybrid Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 1773 ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle L. Proffit ◽  
Albert L. Lipson ◽  
Baofei Pan ◽  
Sang-Don Han ◽  
Timothy T. Fister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrode Materials ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Active Material ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Current Collector ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Hybrid Cells ◽  
Current Collectors ◽  
Carbon Anodes

ABSTRACTThe need for higher energy density batteries has spawned recent renewed interest in alternatives to lithium ion batteries, including multivalent chemistries that theoretically can provide twice the volumetric capacity if two electrons can be transferred per intercalating ion. Initial investigations of these chemistries have been limited to date by the lack of understanding of the compatibility between intercalation electrode materials, electrolytes, and current collectors. This work describes the utilization of hybrid cells to evaluate multivalent cathodes, consisting of high surface area carbon anodes and multivalent nonaqueous electrolytes that are compatible with oxide intercalation electrodes. In particular, electrolyte and current collector compatibility was investigated, and it was found that the carbon and active material play an important role in determining the compatibility of PF6-based multivalent electrolytes with carbon-based current collectors. Through the exploration of electrolytes that are compatible with the cathode, new cell chemistries and configurations can be developed, including a magnesium-ion battery with two intercalation host electrodes, which may expand the known Mg-based systems beyond the present state of the art sulfide-based cathodes with organohalide-magnesium based electrolytes.

A New Method for Preparing Electrospinning-Derived Carbon Nanofiber Webs with Electrodeposited Sn-Sb Alloy as an Anode Material of Lithium Ion Batteries

2012 ◽  
Vol 706-709 ◽  
pp. 1023-1028
Author(s):  
A.R. Saatchi ◽  
E. Ghanbari ◽  
A. Saatchi ◽  
K. Raeissi ◽  
H. Tavanai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Carbon Nanofiber ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Current Collector ◽  
Collector Plate ◽  
The Web

Electrospinning is a straightforward and low cost method for producing carbon nanofiber (CNF) webs that have interrelated pores with high surface area. The process begins with electrospinning of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) on a Cu target collector. In current production methods, the PAN nanofiber web is taken off from the collector. But in order to omit extra stages of taking off the web from a conductive collector and later putting it back on, we will try to keep the web remained on the Cu collector plate through the carbonizing heat treatment and the electrodeposition, to later use the plate as the current collector of a LIB anode. This facilitates the handling of CNFs throughout the entire process that is now much more suitable for commercialization. This unique structure is very suitable for anode materials (AMs) of Lithium Ion Batteries (LIBs). It improves the kinetics of charge/discharge cycles by reducing lithium transport paths, and creates more stable electrochemical performance by providing space for volume expansions of lithium insertions in charging cycles. CNF webs can be used as AMs, demonstrating these advantages over conventional carbonaceous materials that have long been used as the preferred choice-in spite of having a comparatively low theoretical capacity. In this study we use the CNF web as a template for electrodepositing Sn-Sb alloy, to create the mentioned structural characteristics in a coated layer of an alloy with a higher capacity. The resulting composite is shown to have a higher capacity than the substrate CNF and a good cycling performance.

scholarly journals Li2O-Based Cathode Additives Enabling Prelithiation of Si Anodes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 12027
Author(s):  
Yeyoung Ha ◽  
Maxwell C. Schulze ◽  
Sarah Frisco ◽  
Stephen E. Trask ◽  
Glenn Teeter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Solid Electrolyte Interphase ◽  
Active Material ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Particle Morphology ◽  
Lithium Oxide ◽  
Si Anodes ◽  
The Impact

Low first-cycle Coulombic efficiency is especially poor for silicon (Si)-based anodes due to the high surface area of the Si-active material and extensive electrolyte decomposition during the initial cycles forming the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Therefore, developing successful prelithiation methods will greatly benefit the development of lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) utilizing Si anodes. In pursuit of this goal, in this study, lithium oxide (Li2O) was added to a LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 (NMC622) cathode using a scalable ball-milling approach to compensate for the initial Li loss at the anode. Different milling conditions were tested to evaluate the impact of particle morphology on the additive performance. In addition, Co3O4, a well-known oxygen evolution reaction catalyst, was introduced to facilitate the activation of Li2O. The Li2O + Co3O4 additives successfully delivered an additional capacity of 1116 mAh/gLi2O when charged up to 4.3 V in half cells and 1035 mAh/gLi2O when charged up to 4.1 V in full cells using Si anodes.

Iron Disulfide Cathode Material Incorporated in Highly Ordered Mesoporous Carbon for Rechargeable Lithium Ion Batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1265-1270
Author(s):  
Ying Liu ◽  
Jungwon Heo ◽  
Xueying Li ◽  
Yuanzheng Sun ◽  
Younki Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesoporous Carbon ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Active Material ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Mesoporous Structure ◽  
Ordered Mesoporous Carbon ◽  
Iron Disulfide ◽  
Excellent Electrochemical Performance ◽  
Ordered Mesoporous

A highly ordered mesoporous carbon@iron disulfide (CMK-5@FeS2) composite was prepared via an in-situ impregnation and sulfurization method. The CMK-5 matrix with excellent conductivity and high surface area not only formed a continuous conductive network to improve the performance of the CMK-5@FeS2 composite, but also provided sufficient space to buffer the volume changes during cycling. The CMK-5@FeS2 cell exhibited excellent electrochemical performance. After 80 cycles, the CMK-5@FeS2 cell showed the discharge capacities of 650 and 380 mAh g–1 at 2 C and 5 C, respectively. The excellent results show that CMK-5 with unique mesoporous structure can contribute to accelerating ion transfer in the electrode due to the easy accessibility of the electrolyte, which implies CMK-5@FeS2 composite could be a promising cathode active material for rechargeable lithium ion (Li-ion) batteries.

scholarly journals A Simple Approach to Prepare Metal Oxides Supra-Structures for LIBs

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 087-090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Padashbarmchi ◽  
Amir Hossein Hamidian ◽  
Owen Noonan ◽  
Nematolah Khorasani ◽  
Mahmood Kazemzad
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
Discharge Capacity ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Hollow Spheres ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Potential Electrode ◽  
Co3o4 Microspheres

A variety of materials have been investigated as potential electrode materials for LIBs. Electrodes including Fe, Co, Ni or Cu have more Lithium ion storage capacity (more than 600 mAh/g) comparing to graphite (about 372 mAh/g). Recently, much effort has been focused toward achieving 3-dimensional hollow spheres with high surface area and porous for better capacity performance. In this study a simple spray drying approach has been introduced to synthesize porous CuO and Co3O4 microspheres. The results revealed that uniform structures of the nanoparticles microspheres were achieved. Then their cyclic performance were analyzed and compared to their commercial counterparts. The porous CuO microspheres and Co3O4 microspheres exhibited high capacity retention (86.2% of the discharge capacity of the second cycle after 60 cycles) and (89.8% of the discharge capacity of the second cycle after 40 cycles) at a current density of 400 mA/g, respectively. The excellent electrochemical properties could be attributed to their unique porous structures. The electrochemical results showed that microspheric electrode materials are able to manifest superior electrochemical properties compared to their commercial counterparts.

scholarly journals Low-current field-assisted assembly of copper nanoparticles for current collectors

2015 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 383-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lehao Liu ◽  
Bong Gill Choi ◽  
Siu On Tung ◽  
Tao Hu ◽  
Yajie Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transport ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Active Electrode ◽  
Current Collectors ◽  
Self Assembled

Current collectors are essential features of batteries and many other electronic devices being responsible for efficient charge transport to active electrode materials. Three-dimensional (3D), high surface area current collectors considerably improve the performance of cathodes and anodes in batteries, but their technological implementation is impeded by the complexity of their preparation, which needs to be simple, fast, and energy efficient. Here we demonstrate that field-stimulated assembly of ∼3 nm copper nanoparticles (NPs) enables the preparation of porous Cu NP films. The use of NP dispersions enables 30× reduction of the deposition current for making functional 3D coatings. In addition to high surface area, lattice-to-lattice connectivity in the self-assembly of NPs in 3D structures enables fast charge transport. The mesoscale dimensions of out-of-plane features and the spacing between them in Cu films made by field-stimulated self-assembly of NPs provides promising morphology for current collection in lithium ion batteries (LIBs). Half-cell electrochemical models based on self-assembled films show improved specific capacity, total capacity, and cycling performance compared to traditional flat and other 3D current collectors. While integration of active electrode material into the 3D topography of the current collector needs to be improved, this study indicates that self-assembled NP films represent a viable manufacturing approach for 3D electrodes.

Fabrication of a Novel Nanostructured SnO2/LiCoO2 Lithium-Ion Cell

MRS Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (45) ◽  
pp. 3075-3081
Author(s):  
Mark A. Poyner ◽  
Indumini Jayasekara ◽  
Dale Teeters
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Anodized Aluminum ◽  
Lithium Ion Cell ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Cell Cycling

ABSTRACTIncorporating nanotechnology processes and techniques to Li ion batteries has helped to improve the cycling capabilities and overall performance of several lithium ion battery chemistries. Nanostructuring a lithium ion battery’s anode and cathode, allows for extremely high surface area electrodes to be produced and utilized in many of these battery systems. Using a nanoporous Anodized Aluminum Oxide (AAO) membrane with nanopores of 200nm in diameter as a template, high surface area nanostructured electrode materials can be synthesized and utilized in a lithium ion cell. Through the use of RF magnetron sputter coating, these nanoporous AAO templates can be sputter coated with a thin film of active anode or cathode materials. The anode and cathode material in this research are SnO2 and LiCoO2, respectively. Nanostructured SnO2 has been investigated as an alternative high capacity anode to replace the more commonly used carbon based anodes of current lithium ion batteries. A novel nanostructured SnO2/LiCoO2 cell can be fabricated in a liquid electrolyte. The galvanostatic cell cycling performance will be discussed. Nanostructuring both electrode materials as well as the electrolyte can lead to a novel all-solid-state Li ion battery. Nanostructured SnO2 anode and LiCoO2 electrodes have been generated along with a polyethylene-oxide (PEO) based electrolyte nanoconfined in an AAO membrane, to generate a functioning nanostructured all-solid-state cell. The cell was investigated using AC impedance spectroscopy and galvanostatic cell cycling. The cycling results of both SnO2/LiCoO2 cell systems will be discussed.

scholarly journals Aging Mechanisms of Electrode Materials in Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Lin ◽  
Aihua Tang ◽  
Hao Mu ◽  
Wenwei Wang ◽  
Chun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Electrochemical Behaviour ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Carbon Anode ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Metallic Oxide ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
Aging Mechanisms

Electrode material aging leads to a decrease in capacity and/or a rise in resistance of the whole cell and thus can dramatically affect the performance of lithium-ion batteries. Furthermore, the aging phenomena are extremely complicated to describe due to the coupling of various factors. In this review, we give an interpretation of capacity/power fading of electrode-oriented aging mechanisms under cycling and various storage conditions for metallic oxide-based cathodes and carbon-based anodes. For the cathode of lithium-ion batteries, the mechanical stress and strain resulting from the lithium ions insertion and extraction predominantly lead to structural disordering. Another important aging mechanism is the metal dissolution from the cathode and the subsequent deposition on the anode. For the anode, the main aging mechanisms are the loss of recyclable lithium ions caused by the formation and increasing growth of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and the mechanical fatigue caused by the diffusion-induced stress on the carbon anode particles. Additionally, electrode aging largely depends on the electrochemical behaviour under cycling and storage conditions and results from both structural/morphological changes and side reactions aggravated by decomposition products and protic impurities in the electrolyte.

Effects of SiO2 particles in copper current collector on diffusion induced stresses in layered Li-ion battery electrodes

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622110036
Author(s):  
Roozbeh Pouyanmehr ◽  
Morteza Pakseresht ◽  
Reza Ansari ◽  
Mohammad Kazem Hassanzadeh-Aghdam
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Current Collector ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
Current Collectors ◽  
Effect Of Particle Size ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Induced Stresses ◽  
Copper Composite

One of the limiting factors in the life of lithium-ion batteries is the diffusion-induced stresses on their electrodes that cause cracking and consequently, failure. Therefore, improving the structure of these electrodes to be able to withstand these stresses is one of the ways that can extend the life of the batteries as well as improve their safety. In this study, the effects of adding graphene nanoplatelets and microparticles into the active plate and current collectors, respectively, on the diffusion induced stresses in both layered and bilayered electrodes are numerically investigated. The micromechanical models are employed to predict the mechanical properties of both graphene nanoplatelet-reinforced Sn-based nanocomposite active plate and silica microparticle-reinforced copper composite current collector. The effect of particle size and volume fraction in the current collector on diffusion induced stresses has been studied. The results show that in electrodes with a higher volume fraction of particles and smaller particle radii, decreased diffusion induced stresses in both the active plate and the current collector are observed. These additions will also result in a significant decrease in the bending of the electrode.

Preparation of Activated Carbon Derived from Water Hyacinth as Electrode Active Material for Li-Ion Supercapacitor

2020 ◽  
Vol 1000 ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Jagad Paduraksa ◽  
Muhammad Luthfi ◽  
Ariono Verdianto ◽  
Achmad Subhan ◽  
Wahyu Bambang Widayatno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Full Cell ◽  
Lithium Ion Capacitor

Lithium-Ion Capacitor (LIC) has shown promising performance to meet the needs of high energy and power-density-energy storage system in the era of electric vehicles nowadays. The development of electrode materials and electrolytes in recent years has improvised LIC performance significantly. One of the active materials of LIC electrodes, activated carbon (AC), can be synthesized from various biomass, one of which is the water hyacinth. Its abundant availability and low utilization make the water hyacinth as a promising activated carbon source. To observe the most optimal physical properties of AC, this study also compares various activation temperatures. In this study, full cell LIC was fabricated using LTO based anode, and water hyacinth derived AC as the cathode. The LIC full cell was further characterized to see the material properties and electrochemical performance. Water hyacinth derived LIC can achieve a specific capacitance of 32.11 F/g, the specific energy of 17.83 Wh/kg, and a specific power of 160.53 W/kg.

Failure mechanism in fiber-shaped electrodes for lithium-ion batteries

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (20) ◽  
pp. 10942-10948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Weng ◽  
Qingqing Wu ◽  
Qian Sun ◽  
Xin Fang ◽  
Guozhen Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Resistance ◽  
Failure Mechanism ◽  
Electrical Contact ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Current Collector ◽  
Conductive Network ◽  
Electrical Contact Resistance ◽  
Loss Of Contact ◽  
First Time

Failure mechanism is investigated for the first time in a Si-based fiber-shaped electrode. The interphase electrical contact resistance indicates the dominant failure mechanism, which is the loss of contact between the current collector/conductive network and the active material. The decreasing contact resistance denotes the loose interphase contact and a decreasing capacity.

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