Physico-chemical characterization of a spent UO2 fuel with respect to its stability under final disposal conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 1665 ◽  
pp. 283-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto González-Robles ◽  
Detlef H. Wegen ◽  
Elke Bohnert ◽  
Dimitrios Papaioannou ◽  
Nikolaus Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spent Nuclear Fuel ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Pressurized Water Reactor ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
Final Disposal ◽  
Fuel Rod ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Fission Gas Release

ABSTRACTTwo adjacent fuel rod segments were irradiated in a pressurized water reactor achieving an average burn-up of 50.4 GWd/tHM. A physico-chemical characterisation of the high burn-up fuel rod segments was performed, to determine properties relevant to the stability of the spent nuclear fuel under final disposal conditions. No damage of the cladding was observed by means of visual examination and γ-scanning. The maximal oxide layer thickness was 45 µm. The relative fission gas release was determined to be (8.35 ± 0.66) %. Finally, a rim thickness of 83.7 µm and a rim porosity of about 20% were derived from characterisation of the cladded pellets.

scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION OF THERMAL AND MICROSTRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF HOT ROLLING SCALE

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 291
Author(s):  
Badreddine Maalem ◽  
Djamel Berdjane ◽  
Okba Belahssen ◽  
Latifa Tairi ◽  
Youcef Faci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Sheet ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Simultaneous Thermal Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
Rolling Mills ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Hot Rolled

<p class="AMSmaintext2">A significant amount of scale is produced during casting of ingots and processing of hot-rolled products. In manufacturing steel, during the various rolling operations, the amount of scale produced is approximately 0.1% of the annual production of the rolling mills. The quality of the thin sheet during rolling is affected by the behavior of the iron oxide layers formed on their surfaces. For this reason, acids and oils are used for the descaling of slabs and billets by means of pressurized water. The calamine, contaminated by these various acids and used oils, is rejected and stored involuntarily on important areas and pollutes soil and groundwater. Micrographic observations as well as X-ray diffraction analysis have shown that calamine consists mainly of iron oxides. Hematite and magnetite become the main components for oxidation times greater than 1 hour. Characterization tests have shown that calamine is dense (ρ = 4.8 g/cm<sup>3</sup>), its particle size is variable depending on the degree of oxidation (from 0.5 to 10 mm). Simultaneous thermal analysis showed that an increase in mass of the calamine sample with a release of heat. Studies are underway for the physico-chemical characterization of the soils of the storage areas.</p>

Study of the release of the fission gases (Xe and Kr) and the fission products (Cs and I) under anoxic conditions in bicarbonate water

2015 ◽  
Vol 1744 ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto González-Robles ◽  
Markus Fuß ◽  
Elke Bohnert ◽  
Nikolaus Müller ◽  
Michel Herm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Nuclear Fuel ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Spent Nuclear Fuel ◽  
Fission Products ◽  
Pressurized Water Reactor ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
Collaborative Project ◽  
Fuel Rod ◽  
Release Ratio

ABSTRACTFor safety assessment analyses of the disposal of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) in deep geological repositories it is indispensable to evaluate the contribution of fission products to the instant release fraction (IRF). During the last three years the EURATOM FP7 Collaborative Project, “Fast / Instant Release of Safety Relevant Radionuclides from Spent Nuclear Fuel (CP FIRST-Nuclides)” was carried out to get a better understanding of the IRF.Within CP FIRST-Nuclides, a leaching experiment with a cladded SNF pellet was performed in bicarbonate water (19 mM NaCl + 1 mM NaHCO3) under Ar /H2 atmosphere over 333 days. The cladded SNF pellet was obtained from a fuel rod segment which was irradiated in the Gösgen pressurized water reactor; the average burn-up of the segment was 50.4 MWd/kgUO2. In the multi-sampling experiment, gaseous and liquid samples were taken periodically. The moles of the fission gases Kr and Xe released in the gas phase and those of 129I and 137Cs released in solution were measured. Cumulative release fractions of (1.6 ± 0.2)·10-1 fission gases, (1.6 ± 0.1)·10-1129I and (3.9 ± 0.2)·10-2 137Cs, respectively, were achieved after 333 days of leaching. Accordingly the release ratio of fission gases to 129I was 1:1 and the release ratio of fission gases to 137Cs was 4:1, respectively.

Laboratory Methods for the Physico-Chemical Characterization of Recombinant Allergens as Reference Standards

Alergologia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Mariana Vieru ◽  
Florin-Dan Popescu ◽  
Laura Haidar ◽  
Carmen Bunu-Panaitescu
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Reference Standards ◽  
Recombinant Allergens ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Physico Chemical

Mineralogical and physico-chemical characterization of a sintered feldspathic sand

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 261-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wissemn Gallala ◽  
Mohamed Essghaier Gaied ◽  
Borhen Kchaou
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Physico Chemical

Physical - Chemical Issues of Cephalosporin Intercalated Nanoparticles for Life - Threatening Infections Treatment

2001 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-349
Author(s):  
Lucian Eva ◽  
Letitia Doina Duceac ◽  
Liviu Stafie ◽  
Constantin Marcu ◽  
Geta Mitrea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Advanced Characterization ◽  
Generation Cephalosporin ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Exchange Method ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Double Hydroxide ◽  
Double Hydroxides

The fourth generation cephalosporin antibacterial agent, cefepime, was loaded into layered double hydroxides for enhancing antibiotic efficiency, reducing side effects, as well as achieving the sustained release property. The intercalation of antibiotic into the inter-gallery of ZnAl-layered double hydroxide (LDH) was carried out using ion exchange method, by this constituting a nano-sized organic-inorganic hybrid material for a controlled release novel formulation. Although cefepime is a broad spectrum antibiotic, it has various adverse effects and a significant degradation rate. Thus, the preparation and physico-chemical characterization of nanomaterials able to intercalate this drug is an important study for medical and pharmaceutical field. The antibiotic inclusion into LDHs nanostructure was confirmed by advanced characterization techniques and the release profile of cefepime was analysed with the respect to pH of the simulated media.

Structural and physico-chemical characterization of some soda lime zinc alumino-silicate glasses

2012 ◽  
Vol 358 (23) ◽  
pp. 3280-3288 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Petrescu ◽  
M. Constantinescu ◽  
E.M. Anghel ◽  
I. Atkinson ◽  
M. Olteanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Silicate Glasses ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Alumino Silicate
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